Effects of infantile repeated hyperglycemia on behavioral alterations in adult male and female rats

Anxiety symptoms have been reported to be present in many patients with diabetes mellitus. However, little is known about the effects of hyperglycemia in critical periods of the central nervous system development. We assessed locomotive, exploratory, and anxiety behaviors in adult rats that remained from infantile repeated hyperglycemia by the open field and elevated plus maze tests. Our findings showed significant hypo activity, reduced locomotive/exploratory activities, increased fear related behaviors, and anxiety state between hyperglycemic and control adult males and the same differences were observed among females. In addition, no significant behavioral alterations between male and female animals were observed. This study determined that repeated increments in daily blood sugar levels in newborns may affect neuronal functions and provide behavioral abnormalities in adults

effect of Iranian shallot or garlic aqueous extracts on learning, memory and serum biochemical variables in fructose-fed wistar rats

We determined the effect of a high fructose diet either alone or in combination with Iranian shallot or garlic extract on cognitive functions, plasma lipid profile, and the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test [IPGTT]. Following induction of insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats [Fru-fed], they were randomly assigned to three subgroups. The first subgroup was kept as Fru-fed while the two other subgroups were daily treated by aqueous garlic or shallot extract. Twelve weeks treatment with shallot or garlic significantly prevented the learning and memory deficits induced by fructose-feeding. Administration of garlic, but not shallot extract could significantly diminish the levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Treatment with garlic or shallot extract can significantly improve the IPGTT in the Fru-fed rats. The high fructose diet may contribute to spatial memory deficits. Iranian shallot or garlic extracts appear to improve learning and memory impairments in fructose-fed r