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Rev. chil. cardiol ; 35(3): 242-248, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844296

ABSTRACT

Pese a que la efectividad de los programas de prevención secundaria en pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) ha sido ampliamente demostrada, su implementación tanto Chile como a nivel internacional ha sido pobre. Objetivo: Determinar la tasa costo-efectividad de una propuesta teórica de Programa de Rehabilitación cardiovascular (PRC) basada en la evidencia y validada por expertos, en personas post Infarto Agudo al Miocardio (IAM) en el nivel secundario de atención en salud, pertenecientes al Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Norte, Región Metropolitana. Método: Se elaboró un protocolo teórico de un PRC integral basado en las guías clínicas internacionales (AHA, AACVPD, NICE, ESC, NHMRC, Victoria), ajustado a la realidad chilena, el cual fue costeado. Luego se estimó los años de vida por muerte prematura con y sin participación en un PRC, para obtener finalmente los Años de Vida Ganados (AVG). Con ello se calculó la tasa de costo-efectividad. Resultados: El costo anual del centro de rehabilitación cardíaca es de $64.407.065 CLP. La Razón Incremental de Costo Efectividad (ICER), considerando una reducción de la mortalidad tardía del 25%, es de CLP$475.209,72/AVG. Valor que al ser menor al Producto Interno Bruto per cápita, se considera como una intervención muy costo efectiva. Conclusión: Un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca integral post-IAM parece muy costo-efectivo.


Although the effectiveness of secondary prevention programs in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been widely demons-trated, its implementation both in Chile and other countries has been scarce. Aim: To determine the cost-effectiveness of an evidence-based theoretical comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR), validated by experts, for post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients at the secondary level from the Chilean Public Health System. Methods: A theoretical protocol of a CCR program based on recommendations from international guidelines (AHA, AACVPD, NICE, ESC, NHMRC, Victoria) was elaborated and adjusted to the Chilean conditions. A cost analysis was performed. Life years due to premature death were estimated with and without participation in the cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP). We obtained gained life-years, and calculated the ratio of cost-effectiveness. Results: The annual cost of the cardiac rehabilitation center is $ 64,407,065 CLP. The Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) considering a reduction in late mortality of 25%, is CLP$475.209,72/ AVG. Since it is less than one per capita gross domestic product, it is considered as a very cost-effective intervention. Conclusion: A comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program post AMI is very cost-effective for use in a in public health service. It should be considered to review Optimal frequency and intensity of exercise in order to achieve optimal results should be determined.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiac Rehabilitation/economics , Myocardial Infarction/rehabilitation , Cost Efficiency Analysis , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Myocardial Infarction/economics
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