ABSTRACT
The control of cross-infection and cross-contamination in dental practice is the focus of continuing discussion and debate and, as a result, recommendations and guidelines are regularly reviewed in the light of available information. General knowledge of immunology and body defensive mechanisms contributes to the understanding of disease prevention through immunization and through reliance on the body’s natural barriers against infection. The major source of pathogens in the dental office is the oral cavity of the patients, although they can be present anywhere in the office. It is not possible to accurately detect which patients may indeed be harboring these pathogens. Therefore infection control procedures must be applied during the care of all patients. We aim to discuss basic properties of oral microbial flora, spread of infection and prevention of cross infection in dental health care practice through this article.