ABSTRACT
Introducción: la cicatrización de heridas es un problema de salud de gran relevancia en la práctica médica actual. Diversos tratamientos en su curación se proponen, entre ellos la aplicación de plantas medicinales. El follaje de Pinus caribaea var. caribaea presenta una variada composición química y es una planta forestal de abundancia en Cuba. Objetivo: evaluar la actividad cicatrizante de la pasta de clorofila-caroteno obtenida a partir del follaje de P. caribaea en un modelo de heridas abiertas en ratas, empleando como controles positivos dos formulaciones de acción cicatrizante comprobada de Rhizophora mangle L. Métodos: se utilizaron 16 ratas Wistar de los 2 sexos, en 4 grupos de 4 ratas cada uno, a las cuales se les provocó heridas. En el grupo control se realizó la administración tópica de vehículo (agua estéril), y en los 3 restantes, pasta de clorofila-caroteno, CIKRON y gel de R. mangle, diariamente durante 11 d. Se procedió a la medición del área de las heridas en el día inicial, a los 8 y 11 d; además, se hizo la evaluación clínica del estado de los animales y se sacrificaron al final del experimento, con el estudio histopatológico de la piel. La evaluación estadística se procesó por análisis de varianza, comparación múltiple de Duncan y chi cuadrado. Resultados: se comprobó el efecto cicatrizante de la pasta de clorofila-caroteno, al disminuir el área de las heridas de manera significativa respecto al resto de los grupos en los días 8 y 11, así como no se manifestaron signos clínicos...
Introduction: wound healing is a significant healthcare problem in today's medical practice. Several courses of treatment are suggested for healing, including the use of medicinal plants. The green foliage of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea, an abundant plant in Cuba, presents varied chemical composition. Objective: to evaluate wound healing activity of chlorophyll carotene paste from green foliage of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea in open wounds in rats, using two Rhizophora mangle L. formulations with proved wound healing effect as positive controls. Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes, distributed into 4 groups of 4 rats each, were used and they were intentionally wounded. In the control group, the sterile water as vehicle was topically administered where in the other 3 groups, the chlorophyll carotene paste, CIKRON and gel from R. mangle were daily applied for 11 days. The wound area was measured on the first day, 8th and 11th days; in addition to clinical evaluation of the condition of the rats, which were slaughtered at the end of the experiment. A histopathological study was conducted with their skin. The statistical exaluation was based on variance analysis, Duncanïs multiple comparison and chi square. Results: the healing effect of chlorophyll-carotene paste was significant since the wound areas were substantially reduced at 8th and 11th days and clinical signs did not appear. The histological study revealed a high percentage of wounds in healing Phase II of the epidermis and dermis in all the groups. The group treated with chlorophyll-carotene paste showed the greatest portion of histological parameters in healing phases I and II with respect to the rest of the groups. Conclusions: the favourable effect of chlorophyll carotene paste from green foliage of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea in the open wound healing was demonstrated, which is comparable to that of the drugs from Rhizophora mangle L