ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Primary health care [PHC] physicians are foremost to confront childhood and adolescent obesity.Our objective was to evaluate PHC Physicians perspectives for managing overweight/obesity in children and adolescents
Methods: PHC services from eight public hospitals in Riyadh participated. A self-administered tool maintaining anonymity evaluated facilitators and barriers for managing overweight/obese children and adolescent patients. Physicians who 'always' recommended weight management for an overweight / obese patient during past year, by involving patient, parents, and others were classified as having positive and appropriate practice
Results: Of the 58 respondents, 51.7% had appropriate practices. Lack of patient motivation [82.2%], and parental involvement [70.7%] were the major barriers. Physicians with appropriate practices differed in perspectives from those with less appropriate practices by attending continued education forums [p<0.026], referring patients to sub-specialty [p< 0.041], clinical knowledge [p<0.039], convinced on interventions [p<0.017], low concern for precipitating eating disorders [p<0.019], comfortable in examining obese patients [p<0.020], and considered patient's readiness for weight change [p<0.007]
Conclusion: Efforts are needed to equip PHC physicians in managing overweight and obesity in Saudi children and adolescents
ABSTRACT
Objective: To find out relationship of anemia with nutrition among pregnant women residing in urban slum areas of Taluka Qasimabad, District Hyderabad
Study design: A community based cross sectional descriptive study
Place and duration of study: Study was conducted in urban slum areas of Taluka Qasimabad, District Hyderabad from 1[st] March 2011 to 31[st] August 2011
Methodology: Two hundred and fifty [250] pregnant women during 2[nd] and 3[rd] trimester of pregnancy were included in the study. The qualitative data collected by filling questionnaire comprised of demographic information about woman, her family and about her diet. The quantitative data collected by assessing anemia by determining the hemoglobin level in the enrolled pregnant women
Results: Two hundred and fifty [250] pregnant women were included in the study. Two hundred and thirty three pregnant women were found anemic [93.2 %]. Majority of the women ie 70% presented with moderate anemia [hemoglobin level 7.0-9.9g /dl] while severe anemia [hemoglobin level <7 g/dl] was recorded in 5.2% pregnant women. While17.6% women presented with mild anemia [hemoglobin range 10.0-10.9g/dl]. Majority of the women in study population were not taking balanced diet i.e. 232 out of total 250 and all of them were anemic not taking balanced diet and statistically significant association was found between occurrence of anemia and unbalanced diet. [p= 0.00]
Conclusions: Our study showed a significant association between occurrence of anemia during pregnancy and unbalanced diet on the studied population
ABSTRACT
Objective: To find out major determinants of anemia in pregnant women residing in the urban slums of Taluka Qasimabad, district Hyderabad. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in urban slum areas of Taluka Qasimabad, District Hyderabad during six months of study period i.e. from 1" March 201 1 to 31" August 201 1. Patients and Methods: The total population residing in the study areas was twelve thousand two hundred and seven. During the study period of six months, two hundred and fifty pregnant women were enrolled for the study. Pregnant women during 2"d and 3d trimester of pregnancy were included in the study. The data was collected by conducting interviews, filling ofthe pre-tested, structured questionnaire and by assessing anemia by determining the hemoglobin level in the enrolled pregnant women. The questionnaire was a close-ended one, filled by the principle researcher herself. It comprised of demographic information about woman. Every woman's hemoglobin was determined by using Sahli's Hemoglobinometer. Anemia in pregnancy according to WHO classified into mild anemia hemoglobin level in the range of 10.0-10.9 g/dl, moderate anemia hemoglobin level in the range of 7-9.9 gldl and severe anemia hemoglobin level is <7 gldl. Results: The association of various factors [determinants] with anemia was analyzed by applying chi-squared test; the p-value of <0.05 was taken as the level of significance. Two hundred and thirty three pregnant women were anemic while only seventeen women [6.8%] were found non-anemic. Majority of the women i.e. 70% presented with moderate anemia [hemoglobin level 7.0-9.9Gm /dl] while severe anemia [hemoglobin level <7 Gmldl] was recorded in 5.2% pregnant women. There was strong statistically significant association seen between ptbity of pregnant women and the degreelseverity of anemia [p4.00]. There was strong association between socio-economic status and the severity of anemia [p=O.OO]. The family type was strongly associated with the severity of anemia [p=O.Ol]. Conclusion: Prevalence and severity of anemia in pregnant women residing in urban slum areas of Taluka Qasimabad, District Hyderabad is high. Current findings highlight the anemia in pregnancy as a priority area of concern
ABSTRACT
To find out relationship of anemia during pregnancy with education and trimester of pregnancy. Community based cross-sectional descriptive study. This study was conducted in urban slum areas of Taluka Qasimabad, District Hyderabad during six months of studying period from 1[st] March 2011 to 31[st] August 2011. The total population residing in the study areas was twelve thousand two hundred and seven [12207]. During the study period of six months, two hundred and fifty [250] pregnant women were enrolled for the study. Pregnant women during 2[nd] and 3[rd] trimester of pregnancy were included in the study. The data was collected by conducting interviews, filling of the pre-tested, structured questionnaire and by assessing anemia by determining the hemoglobin level in the enrolled pregnant women. The questionnaire was a close-ended one, filled by the principle researcher herself. It comprised of demographic information about woman, her family, trimester of pregnancy about her education. Every woman's hemoglobin was determined by using Sahli's Hemoglobinometer. Anemia in pregnancy according to WHO classified into mild anemia hemoglobin level in the range of 10.0-10.9 g/dl, moderate anemia hemoglobin level in the range of 7-9.9 g/dl and severe anemia hemoglobin level is <7 g/dl The association of various factors [determinants] with anemia was analyzed by applying chi-squared test; the p-value of <0.05 was taken as the level of significance. Two hundred and thirty three pregnant women were anemic while only seventeen women [6.8%] were found non-anemic. Majority of the women i.e. 70% presented with moderate anemia [hemoglobin level 7.0-9.9Gm /dl] while severe anemia [hemoglobin level <7 Gm/dl] was recorded in 5.2% pregnant women. Among total studied women, one hundred and forty seven were illiterate and were having different levels of severity of anemia; moderate anemia was recorded in majority of them ie in 127 pregnant women. The educational level had strong association with occurrence of anemia as well as on its severity [p=0.00].Regarding trimester of pregnancy and the occurrence of anemia, out of 158 pregnant women presenting in their third trimester of pregnancies, 143 were moderately to severely anemic. Trimester of pregnancy and occurrence of anemia were found statistically significant. It was also associated with severity of anemia [p=0.00]. Relationship of anemia during pregnancy with low level of education and trimester of pregnancy is very high residing in urban slum areas of Taluka Qasimabad, District Hyderabad is high. Current findings highlight the anemia in pregnancy, education and early booking during pregnancy as a priority area of concern
ABSTRACT
To investigate the effect of malarial infection during pregnancy on the newborn. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at The Aga Khan University Hospital [AKUH], Karachi, using in-patient hospital records over an 11-year period from 1988 to 1999. The incidence of preterm delivery, low birth weight [LBW] and intrauterine growth retardation [IUGR] in 29 pregnant women with malaria, was compared with that in 66 selected pregnant women without malaria, who delivered at the AKUH during the same time period. Pregnant women with malaria had a 3.1 times greater risk of preterm labor [p=0.14]. They were more likely to be anaemic compared to women without malaria [RR=2.9, 95% CI=1.6-5.4] and had a significantly lower mean haemoglobin level [p=0.0001]. Maternal malaria was significantly associated with LBW babies [p=0.001]. The mean birth weight of infants born to pregnant women with malaria was 461 g less [p=0.0005]. No significant association was, however, found between malarial infection during pregnancy and IUGR [p=0.33]. Malarial infection during pregnancy is associated with poor maternal and fetal outcome. It is significantly associated with maternal anaemia and LBW infants. Appropriate measures must, therefore, be taken to prevent malaria during pregnancy, especially in endemic areas