A new method measuring the rotation center of hip joint and its significance for hip replacement surgery / 中国医师杂志

Objective To design and evaluate a new method for measuring the center of rotation of the hip joint,and to compare it with the traditional methods.Methods Data of healthy hips of 120 total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients (120 hips) and bilateral hips of 20 healthy volumteers (40 hips) were collected.A series of X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were taken from each patient with the hip joint abductted at differenct angles (0°,7.5°,15°,and 22.5°).The motion track of rotation center was obtained by comparing these X-ray and MRI images.The preoperative and postoperative data of 67 surgical patients who underwent two different measurement methods before surgery were compared.Results Compared with traditional measurement methods,the accuracy of our new method was significantly improved;the results of hip MRI verified the objectivity and accuracy of our new method;preoperative measurements and postoperative follow-up results showed that our new method had a better clinical effect than traditional measurements.Conclnsions The team's innovative new measurement method based on pelvic orthotopic X-ray photographs with different abduction angles of the hip shows more accurate data than traditional measurement methods and shows better clinical results.

Mechanism of Cinnamomi Ramulus improving rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ANIT by regulating FXR pathway / 中国中药杂志

To study the mechanism and action of Cinnamomi Ramulus in ameliorating intrahepatic cholestasis induced by α-isothiocyanate( ANIT) in rats by regulating FXR pathway. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,positive control( ursodeoxycholic acid) group( 60 mg·kg~(-1)),Cinnamomi Ramulus treatment( 60 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group,and Cinnamomi Ramulus treatment( 20 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group,with 8 rats in each group. Except for the normal control group,the other groups were intragastrically administered with the corresponding concentrations of continuous aqueous solution( 0. 005 m L·g~(-1)),once a day,for 7 days.Except for the normal group,the other groups were treated with ANIT( 100 mg·kg~(-1)),once a day,for 3 days. Blood was taken from the abdominal aorta 24 hours after the last administration,and serum alanine aminotransferase( ALT),aspartate aminotransferase( AST),total bilirubin( TBi L),and total bile acid( TBA) were measured. 1. 5-2 cm of rat liver tissue was taken. After fixation with10% formaldehyde,paraffin-embedded sections were taken,HE staining was performed,and immunohistochemistry( IHC) was used to analyze the expression of FXR. RNA and protein were extracted from rat liver tissue to detect FXR mRNA expression,as well as bile acid synthesis and detoxification,transport related SHP,UGT2 B4,BSEP protein expressions at downstream of FXR. Compared with the normal group,serum ALT,AST,TBi L,and TBA levels were elevated in the model group( P<0. 01),liver damage was severe,FXR protein's optical density decreased,FXR mRNA expression decreased,and SHP,UGT2 B4,BSEP protein expressions were decreased( P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Compared with the model group,the drug group could reduce serum ALT,AST,TB,TBA levels to different degrees( P<0. 05,P<0. 01),alleviate liver tissue damage,increase the optical density of FXR protein,and promote the expressions of FXR mRNA and FXR,SHP,BSEP and UGT2 B4 proteins( P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Cinnamomi Ramulus can alleviate ANIT-induced intrahepatic cholestasis,and reduce hepatocyte injury and serum ALT,AST,TBi L and TBA levels. The mechanism may be through FXR-SHP,FXR-UGT2 B4,FXR-BSEP signaling pathways. Therefore,in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis,we can try to further explore in alleviating intrahepatic cholestasis with Cinnamomi Ramulus,so as to provide effective drugs for clinical treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis.

A new method measuring the rotation center of hip joint and its significance for hip replacement surgery / 中国医师杂志

Objective@#To design and evaluate a new method for measuring the center of rotation of the hip joint, and to compare it with the traditional methods.@*Methods@#Data of healthy hips of 120 total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients (120 hips) and bilateral hips of 20 healthy volumteers (40 hips) were collected. A series of X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were taken from each patient with the hip joint abductted at differenct angles (0°, 7.5°, 15°, and 22.5°). The motion track of rotation center was obtained by comparing these X-ray and MRI images. The preoperative and postoperative data of 67 surgical patients who underwent two different measurement methods before surgery were compared.@*Results@#Compared with traditional measurement methods, the accuracy of our new method was significantly improved; the results of hip MRI verified the objectivity and accuracy of our new method; preoperative measurements and postoperative follow-up results showed that our new method had a better clinical effect than traditional measurements.@*Conclusions@#The team′s innovative new measurement method based on pelvic orthotopic X-ray photographs with different abduction angles of the hip shows more accurate data than traditional measurement methods and shows better clinical results.

The curative effect of total knee arthroplasty in the treatment of deformity of knee valgus / 中国医师杂志

Objective To discuss the surgical technique and effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for the valgus knee in adult.Methods Retrospective analysis the clinical data from 2015 January to 2017 May of 38 patients with 40 knees treated in our hospital.Age 46-73(61 ±4.2) years old.The femur-tibia angle (FTA) was 7°-35 ° (11 ° ± 4.3 °),the average range of motion (ROM) was 115 ° ± 10°,the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score was 21-65 (43 ± 8.6).All cases were corrected deformity and improved function by TKA.Results 38 patients were followed up 6 months to 3 years.All patients had no severe pain and dysfunction.The postoperative FTA was 1 °-7°(4 ± 3°),the average ROM was 115° ± 10°,the HSS score was 76 ± 14,showing significant difference compared with preoperative data (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The TKA is a conventional therapy for valgus deformed knee in adult.By appropriate approach,precise osteotomy,accurate soft tissue balance,satisfactory joint function and effectiveness can be achieved.

Clinical evaluation and ultrasonic diagnosis of mild ventriculomegaly in fetuses / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To evaluate the importance of the prenatal diagnosis to fetus with mild ventriculomegaly ( MVM) in pregnancy outcome and prognosis. Methods The ultrosonographic results of 51 pregnant women who were admitted to our hospital were collected in this study. In each case,a thorough evaluation of fetal anatomy was performed,karyotyping or MRI was done if needed,and follow-up was done un-til afterbirth. Results In 51 cases of lateral ventriculomegaly fetal:ultrasonography indicated there were 26 fetuses with mild ventriculomega-ly. The incidence of MVM complicated with other abnormities was 46. 0%,and that complicated with chromosome disorder was 11. 5%. Con-clusion Ultrasonography plays an important role in the detection of MVM. Chromosome analysis should be carried out for elder pregnant women when their fetuses are diagnosed as MVM and other complicating abnormities.

Application of damage control surgery idea in the treatment of severe pancreatic duodenal injury / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the significance of damage control surgery (DCS) in the treatments of severe pancreaticoduodenal injuries.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 19 patients with severe pancreaticoduodenal injuries managed with DCS approach in Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from March 2005 to January 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three cases were cured after damage control operation and postoperative ICU resuscitation treatment. Twelve cases underwent definite operations (distal pancreaticojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis, proximal duodenojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis or pancreaticoduodenectomy) after damage control operation and postoperative ICU resuscitation treatment and cured. Four cases died after damage control operation due to multiple organ failure and the mortality was 21.1%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Application of DCS approach can improve the prognosis of patients with severe pancreaticoduodenal injuries.</p>

European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012: Updates and highlights on diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis / 解放军医学杂志

Rhinosinusitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases worldwide. It has been associated with many diseases, including allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, asthma, nasal polyps, aspirin sensitivity, cystic fibrosis, immotile cilia syndrome, immunodeficiency, airway infection, otitis media and dental diseases. Due to the complexity in clinical manifestation and classification of rhinosinusitis, and their associated etiology and pathophysiology, evidence based consensus on diagnosis and treatment is important in order to enhance the effectiveness of available treatment and the quality of life of the patients. Since patients with rhinosinusitis may consult a wide range of clinicians, including otolaryngologists, allergists, pulmonologists and paediatricians, clinical guidelines or consensus with the evidence based diagnostic and treatment scheme for rhinosinusitis for different specialists are very important. The first European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EP3OS) was published in 2005 by the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology in the Journal of Rhinology, and the updated versions were published in 2007 and 2012 in the same journal. EP3OS 2007 had been endorsed by many international medical societies, including WHO (e.g., InterAirway document), and the full document was translated into more than 15 languages, and its contents have been widely endorsed, as some chapters were significantly enriched, as extensive up-to-date information on epidemiology, predisposing factors, pediatric aspects and randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled studies in the treatment of rhinosinusitis were added, and it encourages further clinical and basic research in this field in the future.

Acceptability and influencing factors on pre-exposure prophylaxis programs among female sex workers in Guangxi, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the acceptability of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)program on prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infection among female sex workers (FSWs) in Guangxi of China.Methods A cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was administered among 405 FSWs in Nanning,Liuzhou and Beihai cities of Guangxi,China.Self-designed questionnaire,face to face interviews were used to collect HIV-related risk behaviors,knowledge and acceptability of PrEP.Results After an introduction on PrEP,presuming that it was effective,safe and free of charge,85.9％ of the 405 FSWs said they would use it.Data from logistic regression analysis showed that significant factors of intent to use PrEP would include the followings:workplace (OR=2.256,P=0.009),monthly income (OR=0.257,P=0.004),family closeness (OR＝0.338,P＝0.012),knowledge on HIV/AIDS (OR＝2.802,P=0.028),HIV/AIDS risk was introduced from a strange client (OR＝0.363,P＝0.049),whether the gatekeeper ordering the use of condom (OR＝0.432,P=0.010),whether consistent using condom with clients (OR＝3.010,P＝0.002),whether ever using drugs to prevent STD infection (OR=3.570,P=0.049) etc.Conclusion Awareness on HIV/AIDS knowledge and self-protection seemed the main influential factors while health education might promote the acceptability of PrEP.

Effects of cyclosporine A on pneumocyte apoptosis with lung ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of cyclosporine A (CsA), a powerful inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), on pneumocyte apoptosis, the release of cytochrome C and the activity of caspase-3 after lung ischemia/reperfusion, and explore the mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Single lung in situ ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used. 30 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): sham (S) group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and cyclosporine A (CsA) group. Apoptosis of pneumocyte was assessed by TUNEL method, cytochrome C (CytC) in cytoplasm was detected by immunohistochemistry techniques, and the activity of caspase-3 was measured with spectrophotometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The content of CytC in cytoplasm, the activity of caspase-3, and the value of apoptosis index (AI) in ischemia/reperfusion group were evidently higher than that in S group (P < 0.01). CsA suppressed apoptosis as well as CytC release and caspase-3 activity (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CsA can prevent the release of cytochrome C, block the apoptosis of pneumocyte accordingly maybe by closing the MPTP.</p>

Experimental study on gelatin/polycaprolactam composite nanofiber scaffold in wound healing / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of the gelatin (Gt)/(polycaprolactam) PCL composite nanofiber scaffold on wound healing of full-thickness defect in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen rabbits were inflicted with full-thickness skin open wounds on the back, and they were divided into A group (with treatment of Gt/PCL nanofiber membrane, 8 wounds), B group (with treatment of PCL fiber membrane, 8 wounds), and C group (with treatment of vaseline gauze, 8 wounds), the wounds in A , B groups served as self controls. Wound healing time was recorded. Wound healing rates were calculated on 3, 7, 10 post operation day (POD). Wound specimens and their adjacent skin were examined histologically on 3, 7, and 10 POD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was obvious difference in wound healing time among A, B, C groups, and they were (18.2 +/- 1.3) d, (20.3 +/- 1.1) d, (22.0 +/- 0.6) d, respectively. Wound healing rate in A group was obviously higher than that in B, C group on 3, 7, 10 POD (P < 0.05). Compared with those in other groups, the proliferation of granulation tissue in dermis in A group was less, the epidermal cells were proliferated quickly, and collagen was arranged regularly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gt/PCL composite nanofiber membrane can promote wound healing of full-thickness skin defect in rabbits, which is an ideal material for tissue engineering.</p>

Influencing factors of pulmonary dysfunction in coal worker's pneumoconiosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the possible influencing factors of pulmonary dysfunction in coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 141 patients with CWP and 200 control miners with similar exposure histories but without apparent pulmonary disease or inflammation were interviewed with the detailed questionnaires (including histories of coal dust-exposure, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, protective mask uses, et al). Lung function examinations were performed at the same time. Predicted formula of lung function index were established by the local healthy residents characters and the pulmonary dysfunction was classified by the ratios between tested and predicted values.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All parameters of lung function were significantly lower in CWP cases when compared with that of control miners and the healthy controls (P < 0.05). The main types of pulmonary dysfunction were restrictive and mixed ventilation disorders in CWP patients. The factors such as the category of CWP, the mask worn, the smoking quantity and exposure to coal mine dust were included in the unconditional logistic regression model.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The category of CWP, the usage of mask, the smoking and long duration exposure to coal mine dust may be the main possible influencing factors of pulmonary dysfunction of CWP. Influencing factor analyses were given to inform choice of pertinence preventive measures.</p>

Comparative study of postoperative early enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in esophageal carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of postoperative early enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) on nutritional status and morbidity in esophageal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and six patients with esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups, and received enteral nutrition(n=53) or parenteral nutrition(n=53) continuously for 7 days after operation. The body weight, blood routine test, liver function, and morbidity on postoperative day 8 were compared with those before operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The body weight, red blood cell count, and the levels of hemoglobin, serum albumin and transaminase decreased less in EN group than those in PN group(P< 0.01). The complication rates of anastomotic fistula, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion and delayed incision healing were 0, 5.7%, 3.8% and 0 in EN group, and 5.7%, 28.3%, 15.1% and 7.6% in PN group. There were significant differences between the two groups(P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early postoperative enteral nutrition after esophageal carcinoma surgery can improve nutritional status and reduce complications in comparison with parenteral nutrition.</p>

-1438A/G Polymorphism of the 5-HT2A Receptor Gene in Korean and Han Chinese Patients with Schizophrenia / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between -1438A/G polymorphism of 5-HT2A receptor gene and schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population. METHODS: A sample of 184 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 96 Korean healthy normal controls and 96 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia and 96 Han-Chinese healthy normal controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism with in 5-HT2A receptor gene (promoter region, A-1438G) by Msp I Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: There was no difference in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of -1438A/G polymorphism between Korean schizophrenics and controls (p=0.13) and Han Chinese schizophrenics and controls (p=0.40). Also, -1438A/G polymorphism did not show ethnical difference between Korean and Han Chinese controls. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores showed no significant differences between genotypes of -1438A/G polymorphism in both of Korean and Han Chinese schizophrenics. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population, and there no ethnic difference between Korean and Han Chinese population.

-1438A/G Polymorphism of the 5-HT2A Receptor Gene in Korean and Han Chinese Patients with Schizophrenia / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between -1438A/G polymorphism of 5-HT2A receptor gene and schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population. METHODS: A sample of 184 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 96 Korean healthy normal controls and 96 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia and 96 Han-Chinese healthy normal controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism with in 5-HT2A receptor gene (promoter region, A-1438G) by Msp I Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: There was no difference in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of -1438A/G polymorphism between Korean schizophrenics and controls (p=0.13) and Han Chinese schizophrenics and controls (p=0.40). Also, -1438A/G polymorphism did not show ethnical difference between Korean and Han Chinese controls. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores showed no significant differences between genotypes of -1438A/G polymorphism in both of Korean and Han Chinese schizophrenics. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population, and there no ethnic difference between Korean and Han Chinese population.

Analysis on the trend of severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemics in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control strategies against it.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data from legal communicable diseases surveillance reporting system was analyzed epidemiologically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The first SARS case was reported in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region on March 27, 2003. Up to May 20, there were 446 cumulative SARS cases in the whole region (with 287 confirmed cases and 159 suspected cases) and 61 cumulative recovered cases had been discharged from the hospitals (56 confirmed cases and 5 suspected cases). Another 131 cases were excluded the original diagnoses of SARS including 10 confirmed cases and 121 suspected cases. 25 confirmed cases died with a mortality rate of 8.7%. Cumulatively, the number of reported cases were distributed in 30 counties in 9 prefectures. Statistical analysis on time sequence of the occurrence of cases showed that majority (67.7% of the total) of the cases concentrated in between April 13 and April 29. The number of cases had started to decrease since April 24 with an average of 5.3 cases per day between May 3 and May 8 and an average of 0.3 cases per day between May 9 and today.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SARS epidemics in our region could be divided into three phases. The first phase fell in between March 18 and April 15 with the first case being imported, the number of cases rose sharply, covering 14 counties in 6 prefectures, having a feature of family clustering. The second phase was from April 16 to April 28, with the appearance of secondary infection, having sharp rise of the cases and spreading to 24 counties in 10 prefectures. One of the major features was that hospitals had become the important sources of secondary infection. Finally, the third phase was between April 29 and May 20, with small wave crests of cases, spreading to 38 counties in 10 prefectures with a high proportion of cases with no history of direct contact with diagnosed SARS patients. Thus, no obvious transmission chain was noticed at this phase.</p>