A meta-analysis on overweight, obesity and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese female population / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the association between overweight, obesity and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese female population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Literatures published in China and abroad about overweight, obesity and breast cancer risk among Chinese females were searched. We used "breast cancer", "overweight", "obesity", "weight", "body mass index" and "risk factors" as keywords, to retrieve papers in Chinese literature databases including CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu database. The same strategy was used to retrieve English papers in English literature database including Embase database, PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Cochrane database, supplemented by literature tracing method. Time range was from the founding of each database to April 2012. A total of 124 research papers were collected. Using Stata11.2 software, meta-analysis was conducted, combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the associations between overweight, obesity and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese female population.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighteen studies were included in meta-analysis, among them 12 studies were in Chinese and 6 were in English, with a number of 7217 cases and 81 605 controls. Results showed a 7.7% increased risk of breast cancer among overweight or obesity women (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.04 - 1.12). Compared with normal BMI women, the OR (95%CI) of overweight or obesity women were 1.07 (1.03 - 1.11) and 1.56 (1.29 - 1.84) before and after the adjustment of menopausal status.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Overweight, obesity may be important risk factors of breast cancer in Chinese female population. The intervention and control activities may reduce the risk of breast cancer at population level.</p>

The protective effects of green tea drinking and garlic intake on lung cancer, in a low cancer risk area of Jiangsu province, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the relationship between green tea drinking and/or garlic consumption and lung cancer.Methods A population-based case-control study was conducted in Ganyu county,Jiangsu province.Epidemiological data including demography,lifestyle,environmental exposures and dietary habits were collected by face-to-face interviews using a standardized questionnaire.Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95％ confidence intervals (CI) in both univariate and multivariate analyses.Results Both green tea drinking and garlic consumption were inversely associated with lung cancer and the adjusted ORs were:0.78 (95％CI:0.65-0.95) for green tea,0.79 (95％ CI:0.66-0.95) for garlic intake,and 0.69 (95％CI:0.53-0.89) for both,respectively.They also modified the associations of smoking,fried food intake and cooking oil under high-temperature with lung cancer as risk factors.Potential interactions were found between garlic or green tea and the risk factors of lung cancer.Conclusion Both green tea drinking and garlic consumption might serve as protective factors on lung cancer.

A Meta-analysis on tea drinking and the risk of lung cancer in Chinese population / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To examine the association between tea drinking and the risk of lung cancer in Chinese population.Methods All relevant published articles in Chinese and English literature database were identified.Meta-analysis was conducted.Combined odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the associations and dose-response relationship between tea drinking and the risk of lung cancer.Results Twelve studies were included.An inverse association with lung cancer was observed on tea drinkers when compared to non-tea drinkers (OR=0.66,95％CI:0.49-0.89).Conclusion Tea drinking might serve as a protective factor on lung cancer in the Chinese population.

Analysis on the mortality of colorectal and anal cancer in China during 2004 - 2005 / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the mortality of colorectal and anal cancer in the Chinese population during 2004 - 2005.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mortality of colorectal and anal cancer from The 3rd National Death Retrospective Sampling Survey (2004 - 2005) were analyzed, with that the total population was 142 660 482 person-year and the number of death cases was 10 586. Crude death rate, age-standardized death rate by Chinese standard population (CASR) and world standard population (WASR), the constitute proportion to all cancer deaths and rank of cancer death were calculated and compared with The 1st (during 1973 - 1975) and The 2nd (during 1990 - 1992) National Death Retrospective Surveys.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mortality of colorectal and anal cancer in China was 7.42/100 000 (10 586/142 660 482) during 2004 - 2005, accounting for 5.46% of total cancer deaths and ranked the 5th leading cause of death from cancer. CASR and WASR were 4.79/100 000 and 6.57/100 000, respectively. Gender specific mortality was higher for males with 8.38/100 000 (6114/72 970 241) than for females with 6.42/100 000 (4472/69 690 241). The crude death rates were 10.01/100 000 (4796/47 899 806) in urban areas and 6.11/100 000 (5790/94 760 676) in rural areas, moreover, the crude death rates in Eastern, Middle and Western part of China were 8.67/100 000 (4558/52 556 694), 7.19/100 000 (3580/49 781 225) and 6.07/100 000 (2448/40 322 563) respectively. Compared to the crude death rate 5.30/100 000 and CASR 4.54/100 000 during 1990 - 1992, the crude death rate and CASR from colorectal and anal cancer increased by 40.00% and 5.51%, whereas compared to the crude death rate 4.17/100 000 and CASR 4.27/100 000 during 1973 - 1975, the crude death rate and CASR had increased by 77.94% and 12.18% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mortality of colorectal and anal cancer has been increasing rapidly in China. The mortality is higher in males, and appears to be diverse in different areas.</p>

Study on the situation of seat belt wearing among drivers and front-seat passengers of vehicles in Nanjing in 2005 - 2007 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To find out the situation of seat belt wearing among drivers and passengers in Nanjing after the National Road Traffic Safety Law and its Ordinance had been issued for 3 years, in Jiangsu province. Methods Situation on seat belt wearing among drivers and front passengers on four types of vehicles including taxi, cars (below 8 seats), vans and pickups was studied during different time blocks at 4 sites in the city. Results A total number of 35 256 vehicles, their drivers and another 15 772 passengers sitting in the front, were observed. The prevalence rates of seat belt wearing, not wearing and pretend wearing among drivers were 49.9%, 44.1%, and 4.6% respectively while among front-seat passengers were 9.1% and 90.9% respectively. There were significantly declining trends in seat belt wearing among both drivers and front-seat passengers during the 3-years of observation, after adjustment by sex, types of vehicles and other factors (P<0.01). Risk of not wearing among front seat passengers was higher for those 'not-wearing' drivers (OR=8.10, P<0.01). Conclusion Neither the current law nor ordinance in Jiangsu province gives detailed regulations on seat belt wearing, which hampers the effective enforcement.