ABSTRACT
Aims : The aims are to study the spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of lung and to study the incidence of lung cancers with reference to age, gender, lifestyle and occupation. Materials and Methods: The study is done over a period of 2 years (May 2009 to April 2011) in the Department of Pathology, GGH,Guntur. Total of 52 lobectomy specimens were studied. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded H & E stained tissue sections were studied. Special stains (Gomorri’s methenamine silver stain and Periodic acid schiff) were done whenever necessary. Immunohistochemistry was done in diagnostically difficult cases. Results: Neoplasms constituted 38.4% of total lesions.Majority of lung tumors occurred in the fifth and sixth decade. M:F sex ratio is 4:1. On chest x-ray/CT scan chest, majority of lung tumors presented as mass lesion. Right side of the lung is more commonly affected than the left.Cigarette smoking is the major etiological factor in the causation of lung carcinoma. Among the primary tumors, adenocarcinoma constituted largest group followed by squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: from the present study it is concluded that adenocarcinoma is now the most common lung carcinoma in all race and sex groups.There is a strong association between lung cancer and smoking.Chest radiograph and CT scan aid in the diagnosis and anatomical localisation of lung tumor.
ABSTRACT
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by various combinations of autonomic, cerebellar, pyramidal and extra pyramidal signs. Based on the consensus criteria, patients with MSA are classified as MSA-c and MSA-P. MRI plays an important role in the early diagnosis. The characteristic finding hot "cross bun’’ sign is seen in MSA of cerebellar type Here we present a case of MSA-C in 52 years old male patient.
ABSTRACT
Blue nevi can present clinically as blue, gray, brown, or black solitary nodules or plaques on the skin. Histologically, they represent collections of melanocytes and melanophages in the dermis. We presented here a case of a cellular blue nevus in a 20 years old man that presented as an enlarging blue-gray nodule on the right buttock. These cases can be challenging both clinically and histologically because malignant melanoma or malignant transformation of a blue nevus could be considered.
ABSTRACT
Primary lung sarcoma is an extremely rare tumor, accounting for less than 0.5% of all lung tumors. Histological subtypes are differentiated on the basis of immunohistochemical markers, such as vimentin, desmin, actin, CD99, and epithelial membrane antigen. A 50-year-old male presented with progressively increasing shortness of breath with cough for 2 months. On Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) of thorax a large heterogeneous mass with multiple areas of necrosis, occupying almost whole of left hemithorax was seen. CT-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) revealed spindle cell neoplasm. Histopathological examination revealed a spindle cell sarcoma. On immunohistochemistry the tumor cells expressed both epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin. Hence, final impression from immunohistochemistry was primary monophasic synovial sarcoma of lung.