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Objective To study the association between statins use and liver-injury through prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA) and evaluate the feasibility of the method to be used in Chinese Medical Insurance Database.Methods The data of the patients who prescribed both statins and liver-proactive drugs in Chinese Basic Medical Insurance Database in 2013 were selected as study subjects to calculate the adjusted sequence ratio (ASR) with signal detection methods to determine the study parameters and investigate the potential association between statins use and liver-injury.Results In 5 649 individuals which met the inclusion criteria,the washout period was set as one month and interval period was set as 60 days.The overall ASR of statins was 1.471(95％CI:1.395-1.550),the ASR of atorvastatin was 1.419 (95％CI:1.335-1.508),the ASR of simvastatin was 1.307 (95％CI:1.164-1.467).The positive signal was strong in 30 days interval period.Conclusions PSSA indicated that there might be potential association between statins use and liver-injury,especially the uses of atorvastatin and simvastatin.This signal detection method may be a fast and effective method in drug safety evaluation and can be used in Chinese Medical Insurance Database.
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Objective To study the association between statins use and liver-injury through prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA) and evaluate the feasibility of the method to be used in Chinese Medical Insurance Database.Methods The data of the patients who prescribed both statins and liver-proactive drugs in Chinese Basic Medical Insurance Database in 2013 were selected as study subjects to calculate the adjusted sequence ratio (ASR) with signal detection methods to determine the study parameters and investigate the potential association between statins use and liver-injury.Results In 5 649 individuals which met the inclusion criteria,the washout period was set as one month and interval period was set as 60 days.The overall ASR of statins was 1.471(95％CI:1.395-1.550),the ASR of atorvastatin was 1.419 (95％CI:1.335-1.508),the ASR of simvastatin was 1.307 (95％CI:1.164-1.467).The positive signal was strong in 30 days interval period.Conclusions PSSA indicated that there might be potential association between statins use and liver-injury,especially the uses of atorvastatin and simvastatin.This signal detection method may be a fast and effective method in drug safety evaluation and can be used in Chinese Medical Insurance Database.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the differences in free influenza vaccination rate among different family structures of the elderly population in Beijing under the free vaccination policy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross sectional study was conducted by a multi-stage cluster sampling from July to August in 2013. A total of 1 717 individuals were selected to answer a self-designed questionnaire of demographic characteristics and basic information about receiving free influenza vaccination and 1 637 of which were valid. The chi-square test for dichotomous variables was calculated to examine the relationship between vaccine status and family characteristics. Predictor variables were selected as variables for non-conditional logistic regression model to determine potential independent predictors of vaccine uptake.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The free influenza vaccination rate in elderly population was 38.8% (634/1 637) in 2013. The rate in the old people who lived alone was the highest which was 47.5% (58/122). The rate in the old people who lived with children and spouse was 34.6% (175/506). There was a significant difference in coverage rate among different family structures (χ(2)=11.57, P=0.009). The rate in the old people who lived with spouse only, lived with children only and other types were 41.5% (322/778) , 34.7% (69/201), and 33.3% (10/30), respectively. In a multi-factor model, there was a significant difference in vaccination rate among different family structures after other confounding factors were controlled. The odds ratios (95% CI) of the people living with spouse only, people living with children only and people living with spouse and children were 0.90 (0.60-1.33) , 0.59 (0.37-0.96) , and 0.63 (0.42-0.96), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The vaccination rate in the old people living alone was low. The health education should be conducted not only in the elderly people but also in their family members.</p>
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Aged , Child , Humans , Beijing , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Characteristics , Health Education , Influenza Vaccines , Logistic Models , Spouses , Surveys and Questionnaires , VaccinationABSTRACT
Objective:To verify the association between social determinants and the quality of life ( QoL) among the elderly in Beijing .Methods:A questionnaire household survey was conducted and 1 685 over 60 dwellers in Beijing were interviewed .The EQ-5D scale was used to measure the elderly ’ s QoL and Time Trade-off model was used to calculate the EQ-5D index.Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were employed to analyze the association between social determinants and the QoL .Results:There was no statistical significant difference in the QoL between the urban and the rural residents ( P>0 .05 ) .The elderly with higher education level and income or married tended to have higher overall QoL scoresand better performance of five dimensions of the QoL (P<0.05).Conclusion:More policies should be focused on the elderly with lower social determinants in both urban and rural areas in Beijing .
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Objective To assess the risk factors of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)healthcare-associated pneumonia(HCAP).Methods The case-control study was conducted in patients admitted to 22 hospitals in 4 cities between April 1 ,2013 and December 31 ,2013,patients with HCAP caused by MDRO (MRSA,MDRPA,MDRAB, ESBL KP,ESBL E.coli)(drug-resistant group )and drug-sensitive organisms (MSSA,PA,AB,KP,E.coli)(drug-sensitive group )were surveyed .Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis methods were used to evaluate the risk factors for MDRO HCAP.The prognosis,cost and length of hospital stay between drug-resistant group and drug-sensitive group were compared .Results A total of 1 656 patients were included in the study ,including 43 pa-tients (2.60%)with mixed infection caused by both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive organisms ;there were 927 ca-ses (55.98%)in drug-resistant group and 772 cases(46.62%)in drug-sensitive group .Logistic regression model re-vealed that admission to ICUs (OR 95%CI :1 .55[1 .14-2.11]),mechanical ventilation (OR 95%CI :1 .45[1 .15-1 .84]),arteriovenous catheterization (OR 95%CI :1 .29 [1 .02 - 1 .63 ]),fiberbronchoscopy (OR 95%CI :1 .46 [1 .02-2.09]),antimicrobial use(OR 95%CI :1 .63[1 .20-2.22]),chronic lung diseases (OR 95%CI :1 .54[1 .13-2.10]),and chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (OR 95%CI :1 .42[1 .15-1 .74])were independ-ent risk factors for MDRO HCAP .Compared with drug-sensitive group ,drug-resistant group prolonged length of hospital stay by an average of 5.89 days,increased hospitalization and antimicrobial expense by ￥40 739.30 and￥2 805.80 respectively;prognoses was worse,risk factor was 1 .66-fold of drug-sensitive group(OR 95%CI :1 .16-2.35).Conclusion Admission to ICUs,invasive operations,antimicrobial use,chronic lung diseases and chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases can increase the risk of MDRO HCAP .