Interventricular septum Hydatid cyst: successful seven-year follow up- case report

Hydatid cyst disease should be considered in differential diagnosis in many doubtful clinical situations as can present with non-specific symptoms especially in the endemic areas. Cardiac involvement should be considered in patients with history of previous hydatid cyst disease.. Cardiac hydatid cysts account for less than 2% of all hydatid diseases. In this report we aimed to present a case of 14-year-old boy with the diagnosis of occlusion of artery of the right lower extremity. Surgical exploration of the femoral artery revealed multiple hydatid cysts. Echocardiography showed a mobile mixed mass lesion. Complete resection of the mass was done from interventricular septum. Histopathological examination of the removed tissue revealed a complicated hydatid cyst and complete mass excision was confirmed. In this case a 7 year clinical and serological tests evaluation follow-up after surgical treatment showed no evidence of recurrence. The finding of this case emphasizes that in endemic countries, primary cardiovascular echinococcosis should be considered in differential diagnosis

Comparison of a new single-donor human fibrin adhesive with suture for posterior tibial nerve repair in rat: biomechanical resistance and functional analysis / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The use of fibrin adhesives has a broad background in nerve repair. Currently the suboptimal physical properties of single- donor fibrin adhesives have restricted their usage. The present experiment studies the performance and physical characteristics of a modified fibrin glue prepared from single-donor human plasma in the repair of posterior tibial nerve of rat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups; in the control group, tibial nerve was completely transected and no treatment was done, while in the four experimental groups the nerve stumps were reconnected by one suture, three sutures, one suture with fibrin glue and fibrin glue alone respectively. During 8 weeks of follow-up, Tibial Function Index was measured weekly and adhesive strength, inflammation and scar formation were assessed at the end of the study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nerve stumps dehiscence rate and adhesive strength were similar in all experimental groups and significantly differed from control group (P<0.05). By the end of the eighth follow-up week, functional recovery of one and three sutures groups were significantly higher than groups in which fibrin glue was used for repair (P<0.05). The amount of inflammation and scar tissue formation was similar among all groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The study results show that the prepared single-donor fibrin adhesive has acceptable mechanical properties which could provide required adhesiveness and hold nerve stumps in the long term; yet, we acknowledge that more studies are needed to improve functional outcome of single donor fibrin adhesive repair.</p>

[Assessment of reproductive behavior and women's compatibility in unwanted pregnancy in Mashhad]

Introduction: A large number of pregnancies are unwanted which may cause tension, anxiety, and decreased quality of life. Reproductive behavior in unintended pregnancies can be a guide to improvement of women's mental health

Materials and Methods: Subjects included 400 women seen in maternity clinics of Mashhad hospitals. Subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire for reproductive behavior and adaptation with unwanted pregnancy, Chi-square test, t test and ANOVA were used

Results: Thirty-six percent of the subjects reported unwanted pregnancies. Mean age of subjects was 22 years [range 42-16 years]. In unwanted pregnancies, mean gestational age was 1.9 years and mean age at first pregnancy was 2.2 years more compared with those with wanted pregnancies, the average age of marriage 1.2 years less than and the average number of children was 1.1 higher than other group. Natural method was an important factor in unwanted pregnancies. At the end of pregnancy 83% of women who had unplanned pregnancy still were dissatisfied

Conclusion: Different reproductive behaviors were seen in unwanted pregnancies. Informing women of the high failure rate of natural method is an effective measure in reducing unwanted pregnancies. Because of the high prevalence of unwanted pregnancy and its effects on maternal mental health, use of screening tools for detection of psychopathology, counseling and psychological support for women in conjunction with routine care during pregnancy and postpartum seem necessary

Capsulorhexis: pearls and pitfalls

A critical step in phacoemulsification [as well as extracapsular cataract extraction] is making a window in anterior capsule wall [i.e. anterior capsulotomy]. Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorhexis [CCC] has become recognized as the standard method of anterior capsulectomy. Techniques employed for CCC have undergone sustained evolution. The present review evaluates elementary principles of CCC. Management of CCC in the presence of small pupil and pseudoexfoliation syndrome is discussed. Main differences of pediatric CCC from its adult-style counterpart and finally several techniques of rescue of an extending capsulorhexis are also reviewed

A comparison between doxycycline-rifampin and ciprofloxacin-rifampin regimens in the treatment of acute Brucellosis.

Introduction: Brucellosis, a serious zoonosis, is a widespread disease in many countries, especially the developing ones, with an annual report of 500,000 new cases to the World Health Organization (WHO). Although successful results have been achieved by the combination therapies recommended by the WHO, their relapse rates have been high, and therefore, the most effective agents with least side-effects are still undetermined. Materials and Methods: An observational study has been prospectively carried out from 2007 to 2010 in the Infectious Clinics of Hashemi-nejad and Imam Reza Hospitals, Mashhad, Iran. In this study, among the patients of brucellosis, whose diseases were recently diagnosed, 50 patients, receiving one of the two common authentic regimens of doxycycline plus rifampin for eight weeks or ciprofloxacin plus rifampin for six weeks, were selected. The diagnosis was based on the presence of signs and symptoms compatible with brucellosis, including a positive Wright and 2ME tests, with titers equal to or more than 1/160 and 1/40 respectively. Results: The cure rate was the same for the groups (P=0.55). However, the relapse rate was much more for the latter (P= 0.02). Conclusion: Doxycycline plus rifampin was considered better than ciprofloxacin plus rifampin for the treatment of acute brucellosis.

Comparing the effectiveness of albendazole and combination of albendazole and praziquantel in experimental hydatidosis

Due to danger of spillage of cyst materials during surgery, chemoprophylaxis is routinely recommended for cyctic echinococcosis. However, for prophylactic purposes the time for starting and the duration of administration of prophylactic drug regimen is not yet clear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chemoprophylactic efficacy of one month administration of albendazole or a combination of albendazole plus praziquantel against protoscoleces stage of Echinococcus granulosus when administered before inoculation with the protoscoleces. Two days before infestation, 30 mice were assigned in three equal groups of control, albendazole and albendazole plus praziquantel, Control group received dimethylsulfoxide [DMSO]. The drugs were suspended in DMSO and administered by gavage for one month [5 consecutive days and two days off every week] in doses of 50mg/kg/day albendazole or 50mg/kg/day albendazole plus 600mg/kg/day praziquantel. The mice were then infected by IP injection of 2000 protoscoleces. Then, three months after the last dose of drug, mice were sacrificed and the number of infected animals, the number, wet weight and cyst sizes were recorded. The results showed that albendazole chemoprophylaxis reduced the number, weight and cyst sizes by 63.78%, 79.39% and 60.98%, respectively. The corresponding results for the combination of albendazole plus praziquantel were 91.70%, 90% and 80.3%, respectively. All the differences were statistically significant. Combination of albendaiole and praziquantel is more effective than albendazole alone in controlling the development of secondary hydatidosis, when administered for a period of 4 weeks