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Background and Aims: Preeclampsia is one of the causes of maternal mortality whose leading cause is still unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the relation between blood group and pre-eclampsia in primipara women
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 100 pirmipara women in Gonabad city. The samples were assigned, by census, into two groups of case [with pre-eclampsia] and control [without pre-eclampsia]. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square through SPSS software Ver.16
Results and Conclusions: The incidence of preeclampsia in the blood group of A, B, AB, and O were 36%, 34%, 22%, and 8%, respectively. Also, there was a significant difference between blood group O and blood group non-O to preeclampsia [p<0.001]. The findings showed that the women with A and B blood types require special care with an emphasis on controlling and preventing the factors which cause hypertension/preeclampsia during pregnancy
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Background: Usually, to produce radical sulfate, persulfate anions can be activated by heat, UV light and transition metals such as iron ions. The purpose of this study was investigation of performance of persulfate activated with iron produced by electrical method using iron anode electrode in degradation of Acid Blue 113 from aqueous solutions.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a lab-scale electrochemical batch reactor equipped with four iron electrodes and a DC power supply was used for removing of Acid Blue 113. The effect of operating parameters such as initial pH, voltage, persulfate and initial Acid Blue 113 concentration were evaluated. Also, the amount of pH changes during the process, the synergistic effect of processes in the system and Acid Blue 113 UV-Vis spectrum analysis in optimal conditions was investigated.
Results: The results showed, initial pH of solution, initial concentration persulfate and applied voltage has a significant effect on dye removal. Dye removal efficiency was higher in acidic condition and decreased with increasing pH, So that, after 2 min of reaction at pH 3, voltage 10 V and 150 mg/L of persulfate, 98% of the dye was removed, at pH 5, 7, 9 and 11, after 2 min of reaction and in the same condition the dye removal efficiency was, 66, 0, 0 and 13.5%, respectively. With increasing voltage from 1 to 10 V, increased the dye removal efficiency. S2O82- at the end of 20 min of reaction, removed 17% of dye, at the same condition, electrochemical process with iron electrode had only 31% efficiency, but, the combination of these two processes could remove 99.8% of dye.
Conclusion: The use of S2O82- anions in an electrochemical reactor with iron electrodes can be increase the efficiency of process. Therefore, using this process can be promising process to industrial wastewater treatment.
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Pentachlorophenol [PCP] is one of the most fungicides and pesticides. Acute and chronic poisoning from PCP may be occurred by dermal absorption, and respiration or ingestion. With respect to health and environmental effects of PCP, many methods were considered re-garding its removal. Microwave assisted other methods are environmental friendly, safety, and economical method, consequently, in this study; microwave assisted with hydrogen peroxide [MW/H[2]O[2]] was used for PCP removal from aquatic solutions. The possible of PCP removal was considered by application of a modified domestic microwave. PCP removal rate was considered under different factors such as H[2]O[2] dose [0.01, 0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mol/L], PCP concentration [100,200, 300, 400, 500, 750, 1000 mg/L], pH [3, 7, 11], energy intensity [180,450, 600W], COD [344mg/L], and scavenger testes [0.02 mol/L from each of Tert- butyl alcohol [TBA], NaCl, NaHCO[3], and Na[2]CO[3]]. The concentration changes of PCP were determined using spectrophotometer and HPLC spectra, respectively. The best PCP removal was obtained in condition of pH 11, 0.2 mol/L H[2]O[2], and 600 W energy intensity. Moreover, COD removal in this condition was 83%. Results obtained from radi-cal scavengers indicated that OH had only an initiator role, and had not a dominant role, and order reaction was in first order. The results of microwave/H[2]O[2] application showed that this process is suitable for removal of PCP and other chlorinated organic compounds in alkaline pH.
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Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] may been associated with high-er risk of cardiac events during this procedure. The goal of this study was to compare high dose atorvastatin therapy with low dose atorvastatin therapy 24 hours before PCI to a reduction in Peri- percutaneous coronary intervention myocardial infarction
Methods: One hundred ninety patients with stable angina were enrolled in a randomiz-ed controlled clinical trial study. All patients received low dose atorvastatin. The patients scheduled for elective PCI were randomized to atorvastatin [80 mg/d, n=95] or placebo [n=95] within 24 hours before the procedure. Creatine kinase-MB, troponin I, and high sensitive C- reactive protein levels were measured at baseline and at 6 and 12 hours after the procedure. PCI related myocardial infarction was defined as increasing of Creatine kinase-MB or troponin I three times compared with values before procedure
Results: Myocardial infarction was detected after coronary intervention in 4.2% of patients in the atorvastatin group and in 13.7% of those in the placebo group [P=0.022]. Mean of changed levels of Creatine kinase-MB [0.7+/-0.5 versus 3.3+/-1.9 ng/mL, P<0.001], troponin I [0.1+/-0.2 versus 0.4+/-0.7 ng/mL, P=0.052] and hs-CRP [0.1+/-0.5 versus 1+/-0.9 ng/mL, P<0.001] were significantly lower in the statin than in the placebo group
Conclusion: Pretreatment with high dose atorvastatin within 24 hours before elective percutaneous coronary intervention significantly reduces procedural myocardial infarct-tion in elective coronary intervention
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Electrochemical methods, as one of the advanced oxidation processes [AOPs], have recently been applied to remove different contaminants from water and wastewater. This study compares the performance of anodic oxidation [AO] and electro-Fenton [EF] methods on waste sludge treatment. This experimental study was performed on real sludge and the effect of operating parameters such as solution pH, operating time, current density, supporting electrolyte and hydrogen peroxide concentration were investigated in a batch reactor. For determination of oxidation and treatability of the sludge, chemical oxygen demand [COD] and total coliform [TC] removal were examined. Pb/PbO[2] and iron electrodes respectively for AO and EF were applied. Experimental data indicated for both AO and EF as the operating time and current density increased, COD removal increased. pH=4.0 and 3.0 and current density=1.75 and 2 A respectively for AO and EF and the concentration = 57.2 mMol of hydrogen peroxide for EF were measured as the optimum amounts of these variables. The removal efficiency of COD in AO and EF process was 76% and 72%, respectively. Of course, the efficiency of EF in TC removal was better and the percentage of TC removal in 60 min for AO and EF was 99.0% and 99.9%, respectively. The amounts of consumed electrical energy for AO and EF were 8.6 and 28.0 kWh kg[-1] COD, respectively. AO was more effective in treatment and mineralization of waste sludge and TC removal than EF in terms of environmental economical features
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In recent years, proficient treatment of wastewaters containing recalcitrant and toxic compounds such as phenol has been a challenge. This study introduced and evaluated an efficient option for treating such wastewater. This experimental study was performed on phenol removal as a recalcitrant and toxic compound in aqueous solutions in 2011. The pumice stone was collected from a local mine. Collected samples were crushed and granulated using standard sieves [mesh size of 20]. CuSO[4] was used to modify prepared samples. The chemical composition and the surface area of the modified pumice were evaluated using X-ray fluorescence and N2 gas via Brunauer-Emmett-Teller isotherm and Belsorb software. Different parameters including of pH [3-12], contact time [20-120 min], phenol concentration [25-400 mg/L] and adsorbent dosage [0.25-1 g/L] were examined in a batch reactor. 93.5% of the phenol was removed under optimum experimental conditions of pH 3 and a 0.5 g/L adsorbent dose after 60 min contact time. The experimental adsorption isotherm the best fit with Freundlich equation model. The maximum amount of phenol adsorption onto modified pumice [MP] was 15.8 mg/g. Modified pumice is effective adsorbent for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution. Accordingly, it is feasible and promise adsorbent for treating polluted phenol streams
Subject(s)
Silicates/chemistry , Fluorescence , Adsorption , Water Pollutants/isolation & purification , Water Purification/methodsABSTRACT
Malassezia furfur is alipophilic yeast that causes skin disease. To evaluate the level of IL-10, IFN-alpha and IL-12P70 in co-incubation of M. furfur grown on different forms of natural oils with PBMCs of healthy individuals. PBMCs were obtained from blood samples of normal volunteers. M. furfur was cultured in different culture media containing almond oil, fish oil, walnut oil, full-fat milk, and a fat-free medium; and the yeasts grown were harvested and used for co-incubation with PBMCs in vitro. The IFN-alpha, IL-10, and IL-12P70 levels were measured at different time intervals using ELISA methods. Generally, IFN-alpha and IL-10 levels in the coincubation of yeasts with walnut oil group [WOG] and fish oil group [FOG] were higher than those in the almond oil group [AOG] and full-fat milk group [FFMG]. Although the IL-12P70 was higher in groups such as AOG, FOG, and WOG; the increase was not statistically significant. The results demonstrated that the type of fat used by M. furfur in the culture media can influence the immune response and increases IFN-alpha and IL-10 levels in an early time point of the culture system
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A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the ability of a special type of strongly basic resin MP500WS for the removal of nitrate from different waters. Two different types of Point-of-Use [POU] devices containing an identical resin were used. MP500WS known as macro porous was used in POU devices for removal of high concentrations of nitrate and sulfate ions from water. Sulfate and chloride ions are considered the most important interferences in the treatment process of nitrate by most anion exchange resins. The results obtained by treatment of water samples having different ranges of nitrate [20 to 150 mg/L], sulfate [50, 100 and 800 mg/L] and chloride [50 and 500 mg/L] have shown that the method was suitable for delivering water with NO[3] concentrations in less than its maximum contaminant level [MCL=45 mg/L] as long as the initial NO[3], SO[4] and CI concentration has remained in less than 150, 100 and 500 mg/L, respectively. For this purpose, POU systems that utilize a suitable tested resin may be considered as an economical and effective alternative to conventional systems. This study shows this strategy very effective for nitrate reduction to acceptable levels when macro porous type strongly basic resin is used as the resin
Subject(s)
Water , Drinking , Ion Exchange , Sulfates , ChloridesABSTRACT
To determine the effects of opium on serum glucose, potassium and sodium in male and female Wistar rat, opium solution [60 mg/kg] injected intraperitoneally and the same volume of distilled water was used as control [7 rats in each group]. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 minutes after injection from orbit cavity and the values of serum glucose, sodium [Na+] and potassium [K+] were measured. The data were then analyzed by the repeated measure ANOVA based on sex and case-control group. P < 0.05 considered as significant difference. Serum glucose increased significantly at 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes after opium solution injection, in female rats compared to a control group. However, the male rats had this rise at 30, 60 and 120 minutes after opium solution injection compared to control group. While serum glucose in male rats was significantly higher than females at 30, 60 and 120 minutes, this value was higher in the female rats at 360 minutes. Therefore, serum glucose alterations following opium injection was significantly different in groups and in the sexes at different times. Sodium [Na+] rose at 60, 240 and 360 minutes significantly in all rats compared to control group. However, sodium alteration following opium injection was significantly different only between treated and control groups but sex-independent at all times. Potassium [K+] increased significantly at 60, 120, 240 and 360 minutes in male rats, compared to a control group. In female rats K+ significantly raised at 30, 120, 240 and 360 minutes. Therefore, the alteration of K+ in male and female rats was found time dependent and sex independent. According to our results, opium increased serum glucose in male and female rats differently, and it interferes with metabolic pathways differently on a gender dependent basis. Opium raised serum Na+ and K+, thus it interfere with water regulation and blood pressure via different mechanism
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Animals, Laboratory , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Sodium/blood , Potassium/blood , Sex FactorsSubject(s)
Humans , Male , /diagnosis , Testis/diagnostic imaging , Urogenital Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , ReviewABSTRACT
Conceding the wide effect of high blood pressure on different organs of body and its different complications and as this disease doesn't have any signs and people don't aware about their dieses when they are affected by finger print and modifying the association between that and finger print, it is possible to diagnose the disease on them and take the right treatments. In this research which was case-control research we collected fingerprints from 100 persons that were at Ali-Ebn-Abitaleb Hospital and 100 normal persons that the same paper is used and characteristic in two group classified in 3 categories: whirl Arch loop and from the SPSS and t-test method was made for statistic analysis. Results showed from 2000 samples of finger print that were taken from 100 persons that had blood pressure and 100 persons that didn 't have blood pressure, the average loop fingerprint in blood pressure group was 3.82 +/- 2.27 and in non blood pressure group 6.5 +/- 1.81 that has the significance deterrence [P value=0.023]. The average Whirl fingerprint in blood pressure group was 4.73 +/- 2.59 and in none blood pressure group was 2.29 +/- 1.93 that has the significances difference [P value= 0.002] and the average arch finger print in blood pressure group was 1.43 +/- 1.55 and in none blood pressure group was 1.04+0.93 that has the significance difference. [P value=0.0001]. Among fingerprints and high blood pressure are relationships and on the basis of the resolutions of research possibility of taking to high blood pressure in people that have whirl fingerprint is more
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immediate intravesical instillation of mitomycin C after transurethral resection of bladder tumor [TURBT] in patients with low-risk superficial transitional cell carcinoma [TCC]. A total of 43 patients with low-risk superficial bladder cancer were randomly assigned into two groups after the surgery; 22 patients in group 1 were treated by immediate instillation of mitomycin C after TURBT, and 21 patients in group 2 received placebo. The two groups were compared using urine cytology and cystoscopy during the 24 postoperative months. Recurrence within the first 3 months was reported in none of the patients in group 1 and 5 in group 2 [P = .02]. Of these, 4 had recurrence of tumor in the primary site. At 12 and 24 months, there were 1 patient [4.5%] in group 1 and 8 [38.1%] in group 2 with recurrence [P = .007]. We had no patients with multifocal recurrence in group 1, but 3 [14.2%] in group 2. Nine-month tumor-free survival rate was 95% in group 1. Three-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month tumor-free survival rates in group 2 were 76%, 71%, 66%, and 62%, respectively [P = .007]. None of the patients in group 1 and 3 in group 2 [14.3%] experienced some degrees of tumor progression [P = .06]. Immediate instillation of mitomycin C after TURBT seems to be effective in the recurrence reduction and increase of recurrence-free interval at least in short term