ABSTRACT
Background: Niche cells, regulating Spermatogonial Stem Cells [SSCs] fate are believedto have a reciprocal communication with SSCs. The present study was conductedto evaluate the effect of SSC elimination on the gene expression of Glial cell line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor [GDNF], Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 [FGF2] and KitLigand [KITLG], which are the main growth factors regulating SSCs development andsecreted by niche cells, primarily Sertoli cells
Methods: Following isolation, bovine testicular cells were cultured for 12 days on extracellularmatrix-coated plates. In the germ cell-removed group, the SSCs were removedfrom the in vitro culture using differential plating; however, in the controlgroup, no intervention in the culture was performed. Colony formation of SSCs wasevaluated using an inverted microscope. The gene expression of growth factors andspermatogonia markers were assessed using quantitative real time PCR
Results: SSCs colonies were developed in the control group but they were rarely observedin the germ cell-removed group; moreover, the expression of spermatogoniamarkers was detected in the control group while it was not observed in the germ cellremovedgroup, substantiating the success of SSCs removal. The expression of Gdnfand Fgf2 was greater in the germ cell-removed than control group [p<0.05], whereasthe expression of Kitlg was lower in the germ cell-removed than control group [p<0.05]
Conclusion: In conclusion, the results revealed that niche cells respond to SSCs removalby upregulation of GDNF and FGF2, and downregulation of KITLG in order to stimulateself-renewal and arrest differentiation
ABSTRACT
The authors report a case of human dermal complications by Ctenocephalides felis felis (cat flea) in a 28 years old woman who dwell in rural area in Mazandaran province, Iran. Furthermore, in the current report clinical manifestations, etiology and different aspects of infestation were discussed elaborately. And the importance of controlling fleas was highlighted as well.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the helminth parasites of Anas crecca (A. crecca) in one of proper refuges of Iran, Fereydunkenar.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total number of one hundred thirty-six gastrointestinal tracts of green-winged teal (A. crecca) were collected from Fereydunkenar, Mazandaran province during September and October 2011. The gastrointestinal tracts were examined for helminth infection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total infection rate was 70.50% (96) that 68.96% (40) of males and 71.79% (56) of females shown helminthes infection. The examined A. crecca harbored one species of Nematoda, Cestoda and two species of Digenea which were as following: Contracaecum larvae (from stomach wall), Diorchis stefanskii (D. stefanskii) (from small intestine), Hypoderaeum conoideum (from small intestine) and Notocotylus attenuatus (N. attenuatus) (from caecum), respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of infection between examined males and females ducks in Hypoderaeum conoideum, D. stefanskii and N. attenuatus (P>0.05) whereas a significant relationship was observed between males and females in Contracaecum larvae (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Based on the results of the present study, we conclude that A. crecca plays a prominent role in transmission of mentioned parasites. In addition, this is the first report of Contracaecum larvae, D. stefanskii and N. attenuatus from A. crecca in Iran.</p>
ABSTRACT
We present and discuss elaborately a case of malaria misdiagnosis in a 27-year-old woman in Chalus, Mazandaran Province, North Iran in 2013. The patient has been complaining of fever, shivering and myalgia for three months. Although she visited two physicians during this time, the problem still remained owing to misdiagnose. Eventually in hospital after a precise examination on her thick and thin blood film, the causative agent of disease was diagnosed as plasmodium vivax. The patient received treatment accordingly and all clinical manifestations were vanished.
ABSTRACT
Ophionyssus natricis is a purely blood sucking parasite of snakes and of worldwide distribution. Infected snakes often exhibit lethargy, pruritus, crusting dermatitis, and behavioral changes. Ophionyssus natricis can also attack humans, causing popular vesiculo-bullous eruption of the skin. A 29 years old man working in zoo, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran, presented itchy papullar eruption of the skin. He had noticed small insects fixed on his skin and large numbers of these same insects on a python and its cage in the zoo. Regarding totheir morphological characteristics they were diagnosed as O. natricis [Geravis, 1844], a snake mite. It is the first report of O. natricis from Iran