ABSTRACT
Objeetive:To investigate the effect of Iranian honey,cinnamon and their combination against Streptococcus mutans bacteria.Methods:Nine experimental solutions were examined in this study,including two types of honey (pasteurized and sterilized),two types of cinnamon extract (dissolved in distilled water or dimethyl sulfoxide) and five different mixtures of cinnamon in honey (prepared by admixing 1％-5％ w/w of cinnamon extract into 99％-95％ w/w of honey,respectively).Meanwhile,each of mentioned agent was considered as the first solution while it was diluted into seven serially two-fold dilutions (from 1∶2 to 1∶128 v/v).Therefore,eight diffcrent concentrations of each agent were tested.The antibacterial tests were performed through blood agar well diffusion method,and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined.Ultimately,the data were subjected to statistical analysis incorporating Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α =0.01).Results:The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for the mixtures of honey and cinnamon while all the subgroups containing 95％-99％ v/v of honey were in the same range (P ＜ 0.01).The MIC for both honey solutions were obtained as 500 mg/mL whereas it was 50 mg/mL for both cinnamon solutions.Moreover,the MIC related to all honey/cinnamon mixtures were 200 mg/mL.Conclusions:A profound synergistic effect of honey and cinnamon was observed against Streptococcus mutans while there was no significant difference among extracts containing 99％-95％ v/v of honey admixing with 1％-5％ v/v of cinnamon,respectively.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Surface coating of dental mirrors using nanotechnology has been done to render them self-cleaning properties. Nano-scaled titanium dioxide particles [Ti02]show antimicrobial properties when exposed to ultra-violet [UV] light. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface coating of dental mirrors with nano titanium dioxide on their self-cleaning (from dentists' perspective] and antibacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus
Methods: In this laboratory study, nano structured titanium dioxide films were used for surface coating of half the understudy dental mirrors using sol-gel dip coating technique. To assess the self- cleaning property, 45 conventional and 45 nano Ti02 coated mirrors were coded. The two types of dental mirrors were compared by dentists during cavity preparation with a high speed hand piece and the related questionnaire was filled out. The opinions of 9 clinicians each comparing the dental mirrors on 5 patients were collected. For antimicrobial testing, a 0.5 Mcfarland standard of microbial suspension and 100 times dilution of the solution were prepared of the two understudy microorganisms; 50 ?l drop of each dilute was transferred to the center of each dental mirror in the two groups. Dental mirrors were exposed to UV light for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min [3 mirrors in each group for each time period] and then immersed in 5ml of distilled water. Next, 50?l of the mentioned solution was cultured on blood agar culture medium. Number of colonies was counted after 24h. T- test with a significance level of 0.01 was used for microbial evaluation. Normal distribution tests [NPAR tests] were used for the assessment of improved vision and Friedman test was applied for comparison of the two groups
Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of antibacterial properties against S. mutans and S. aureus [P>0.05]. No significant difference existed between the two types of mirrors in terms of clinical vision improvement from the dentists' perspectives [P>0.05]
Conclusion: Nano Ti02 coated mirrors did not have any superiority over the conventional types in terms of self-cleaning or antimicrobial properties