ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre Refluxo laringofaríngeo (RLF) com idade, sexo, desvio vocal e queixas de voz. Método: Participaram do estudo pacientes entre 18 e 70 anos, encaminhados ao serviço de otorrinolaringologia por queixas de voz ou refluxo, de ambos os sexos. Os achados endolaríngeos foram classificados utilizando a escala Reflux Finding Score (RFS). A presença ou não de queixas vocais e de refluxo foi verificada e correlacionada com a classificação RFS. Na mesma data, os pacientes foram submetidos à gravação de voz de vogal sustentada e fala encadeada. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva foi realizada por uma fonoaudióloga, classificando o grau geral do desvio vocal com base na escala GRBASI. Resultados: Foram avaliados 97 pacientes, com média de idade de 42,6 anos, sendo 62,3% do sexo feminino e média dos escores da escala RFS igual a 6,26 pontos. Do total de pacientes, 48 indivíduos apresentavam queixas vocais, sendo 34 mulheres com idade média de 44,9 anos e escore RFS médio de 6,94 pontos. Os outros 49 indivíduos não apresentavam queixas vocais, e desses 27 eram mulheres, com idade média de 41,2 anos e média de escore RFS igual a 5,5 pontos. As variáveis "queixa de refluxo", "queixa vocal" e idade foram as que mais se correlacionaram com os escores da escala RFS. Conclusão: Há relação entre queixas de refluxo, achados laríngeos e queixa vocal.
ABSTRACT Purpose: To verify the association between laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with age, gender, vocal deviation and voice complaints. Methods: The study included patients between 18 and 70 years old, referred to the Otorhinolaryngology service for complaints of voice or reflux, of both sexes. Endolaryngeal findings were classified using the Reflux Finding Score (RFS) scale. The presence or absence of vocal and reflux complaints was verified and correlated with the RFS classification. On the same date, they were submitted to sustained vowel voice recording and chained speech. The auditory-perceptual assessment was performed by a speech therapist, classifying the general degree of vocal deviation based on the GRBASI scale. Results: Ninety-seven patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 42. 6 years, 62. 3% female, and mean RFS scores of 6. 26 points. Among the patients, 48 subjects had vocal complaints, 34 women with a mean age of 44. 9 years and an average RFS score of 6. 94 points. The other 49 individuals had no vocal complaints, and of these 27 were women, with a mean age of 41. 2 years and a mean RFS score of 5. 5 points. The variables "reflux complaint", "vocal complaint" and age were the ones that most correlated with the RFS scale scores. Conclusion: There is a relationship among reflux complaints, laryngeal findings and vocal complaint.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Voice , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/complications , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/diagnosis , Voice Quality , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Abstract Background Successful treatment of HIV-positive children requires a high level of adherence (at least 95%) to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Adherence is influenced by factors related to the child and caregivers. Objectives To evaluate children and caregivers characteristics associated to children's adherence. Methods Cross-sectional study, from September 2013 to June 2015, comprising a sample of caregivers of perinatally HIV-infected children, in the age group of 1–12 years, under antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months and on follow-up in two AIDS reference centers in Salvador, Bahia. Caregiver self-reports were the sole source of 4 days adherence and sociodemographic information. Study participants who reported an intake >95% of prescribed medication were considered adherents. A variable, (“Composed Adherence”), was created to better evaluate adherence. Results We included 77 children and their caregivers. 88.3% of the caregivers were female, the median age was 38.0 years (IQR 33.5–47.5), 48.1% were white or mixed, 72.7% lived in Salvador and 53.2% had no fixed income. The 4 days child's adherence was associated only to caregivers that received less than a minimum salary (p < 0.05), 70.1% of the caregivers had less than four years of formal education, 81.8% were children's relative and 53.2% of the caregivers were HIV positive. The caregiver's pharmacy refill, long-term adherence and 4 days adherence, were significantly associated with composed adherence (p < 0.05). Child's long-term adherence was strongly associated to the 4 days child's adherence referred by caregiver (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest the need of improvement in HIV-infected children adherence, through reinforcement of the caregivers own adherence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Caregivers/statistics & numerical data , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/statistics & numerical data , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Viral Load , Self ReportABSTRACT
O tratamento do câncer de mama, incluindo a quimioterapia e hormonioterapia, pode induzir a amenorréia e infertilidade nas mulheres em idade reprodutiva. A ciclofosfamida e a idade materna avançada são os principais fatores de risco para amenorréia. As opções de preservação da fertilidade, em mulheres com câncer de mama, são divididas em antes, durante e após o tratamento. Ensaios clínicos têm reportado a habilidade da terapia com agonistas hormonais da gonadotrofina coriônica, com finalidade de preservar a função ovariana relacionada à quimioterapia. A análise da tecnologia reprodutiva envolve o congelamento de embriões, oócitos maduros, oócitos imaturos ou tecido ovariano. Cada um destes procedimentos têm vantagens e desvantagens relativas que serão discutidas.