Corrected and Republished Applicability of Boston University approach for prediction of mesiodistal width of canines and premolars in the primary schoolchildren of rural Bengaluru An in vivo study

Introduction: Boston University (BU) approach is a method for early prediction of unerupted permanent mandibular teeth widths based on the mesiodistal widths (MDWs) of primary mandibular canines and first molars. The present study was conducted to test the validity of BU approach by comparing it with Tanaka–Johnston (T/J) approach in the contemporary population. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the applicability of BU approach for prediction of the MDWs of canines and premolars in the primary schoolchildren of rural Bengaluru. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 100 healthy schoolchildren of rural Bengaluru aged between 7 and 11 years. The MDWs of canines and premolars were predicted using both T/J and the considered BU approaches for all the children and were compared. Results: The correlation coefficient showed a statistically significant correlation between the predicted tooth size from the two predicted methods in the upper and lower arches (P < 0.001), with Pearson's correlation coefficient showing the very strong positive relationship (r = 0.7). Significant differences were seen between the mean predicted width of canines and premolars by both the approaches (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In spite of the limitations, we recommend the use of BU approach to predict arch length-tooth material discrepancy at an early age and to get at least an approximate estimation of the required space. We also advocate the necessity of further research on this approach prospectively.

Applicability of Boston University approach for prediction of mesiodistal width of canines and premolars in the primary schoolchildren of rural Bengaluru An in vivo study

Introduction: Boston University (BU) approach is a method for early prediction of unerupted permanent mandibular teeth widths based on the mesiodistal widths (MDWs) of primary mandibular canines and first molars. The present study was conducted to test the validity of BU approach by comparing it with Tanaka–Johnston (T/J) approach in the contemporary population. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the applicability of BU approach for prediction of the MDWs of canines and premolars in the primary schoolchildren of rural Bengaluru. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 100 healthy schoolchildren of rural Bengaluru aged between 7 and 11 years. The MDWs of canines and premolars were predicted using both T/J and the considered BU approaches for all the children and were compared. Results: The correlation coefficient showed a statistically significant correlation between the predicted tooth size from the two predicted methods in the upper and lower arches (P < 0.001), with Pearson's correlation coefficient showing the very strong positive relationship (r = 0.7). Significant differences were seen between the mean predicted width of canines and premolars by both the approaches (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In spite of the limitations, we recommend the use of BU approach to predict arch length-tooth material discrepancy at an early age and to get at least an approximate estimation of the required space. We also advocate the necessity of further research on this approach prospectively.

La atención prenatal en la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana, México / Prenatal care in the border city of Tijuana, México

El presente estudio se diseñó con el fin de conocer las condiciones en las que se realiza el control prenatal en la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana, Baja California, México y de estudiar las posibles asociaciones entre ese tipo de atención y el resultado neonatal en términos de peso al nacer, estado de salud del neonato y prematuridad. Se seleccionaron siete hospitales que atienden a personas de diferentes estratos socioeconómicos y entre diciembre de 1993 y marzo de 1994 se entrevistó en ellos a 279 mujeres que cursaban las primeras 24 a 48 horas del puerperio. En la entrevista se recogieron datos sobre nivel socioeconómico; conceptos, actitudes y prácticas de las madres respecto de la salud obstétrica; percepción materna de acceso a los servicios de atención prenatal; calidad de las consultas de control prenatal (evaluada según la realización de pruebas de sangre y orina y la medición de la tensión arterial y del peso); y antecedentes ginecobstétricos y de salud de la madre. Se elaboró una base de datos con el paquete estadístico SPSS y se exploraron posibles asociaciones entre la atención prenatal como variable independiente y las diferentes variables dependientes mediante tablas de contingencia y la prueba de Fisher de dos colas. No se encontraron neonatos prematuros, enfermos o con un peso al nacer <2 500g. Por este último motivo se optó por dicotomizar la variable correspondiente al peso al nacer en <3 000 g. y >3 000g. Se observó una asociación significativa (P<0,00038) entre la ausencia de control prenatal y un menor peso al nacer. La ausencia de control prenatal a su vez se asoció con bajos ingresos familiares; dependencia económica materna; convivencia de la madre en unión libre; poca comunicación con la pareja; falta de seguro médico; presencia de un embarazo no deseado; y haber acudido al Hospital General para la atención del parto. De la muestra total (n=15), 5,4 por ciento no recibió atención prenatal. Ninguna de las mujeres que no recibieron atención declaró haber enfrentado dificaultades que le impidieran el acceso, pero de las 15 solamente 7 contestaron la pregunta

Antibody mediated targeting of radioisotopes, drugs and toxins in diagnosis and treatment.

The recent resurgence of interest in site specific delivery of radioisotopes, chemotherapeutic drugs and toxins for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and for the selective manipulation of the immune system, can be directly related to the need for improved diagnosis and the fact that for many cancers, for example lung, colon and gastric, the conventional treatments of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have reached a plateau in terms of the number of patients cured. To date, because of their specificity, the major emphasis has been on the use of antibodies as carriers and extensive in vitro, in vivo preclinical and clinical evaluation is underway. The aim of this article is to review recent progress, highlight avenues being explored to overcome limitations and to indicate new approaches that are evolving in antibody mediated targeting.

Caracteristicas clinicas, radiologicas y geneticas de ciertos tipos de enanismo de miembros cortos en el recien nacido. / Clinical, radiological and genetic characteristics in certain types of short-limbed dwarfisms in the newborn

Los enanismos por acortamiento de extremidades se clasifican segun el segmento que este mas afectado, en:a) rizomelico (acortamiento del segmento proximal de miembro) b) mesomelico (segmento medio), c) acromelico (segmento distal) y d) proporcional (acortamiento simetrico de todos los segmentos). En el recien nacido es posible hacer el diagnostico correcto de la variedad de enanismo involucrada, mediante un cuidadoso examen fisico y radiologico aunque en ocasiones es necesario recurrir a estudios histoquimicos de hueso. Se presenta un caso de enanismo mesomelico compatible con la variedad tipo Langer y un caso de enanismo diastrofico, ambos en recien nacidos, analizando sus diversas caracteristicas clinicas, radiograficas y geneticas, asi como su diagnostico diferencial