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Bol. méd. postgrado ; 36(1): 7-13, jul.2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LIVECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1119374

ABSTRACT

El embarazo adolescente es un problema de salud pública por sus consecuencias sociales, de salud y nutrición para el binomio madre-hijo. Con el objetivo de evaluar el estado nutricional de adolescentes embarazadas que acudieron a la consulta de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico del Hospital Central Universitario Dr. Antonio María Pineda, se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, seleccionando 165 adolescentes embarazadas las cuales se caracterizaron por un promedio de edad de 17,24 ± 1,54 años, 45,4% tenían anemia y 72,1% eran primigestas. La edad promedio de la menarquia y de la sexarquia fue 11,66 ± 1,40 años y 15,13 ± 1,83 años, respectivamente. Con respecto al estado nutricional, el 54,5% de las adolescentes presentaron bajo peso y 38,7% normopeso durante el primer trimestre; en el tercer trimestre, el 67,2% de las adolescentes tenían un peso normal, 17,5% bajo peso y 10,3% sobrepeso. Con respecto al progreso del estado nutricional, de las adolescentes que tenían bajo peso en el primer trimestre, 67,7% pasaron a tener un peso normal y 32,2% seguían presentando bajo peso; 79,7% de las pacientes con normopeso se mantuvieron igual, 18,7% pasaron a tener sobrepeso y 1,5% obesidad. Los resultados demuestran que el control antropométrico es necesario para monitorear nutricionalmente a las adolescentes embarazadas con la finalidad de prevenir o controlar la ocurrencia de condiciones materno-fetales indeseables(AU)


Adolescent pregnancy is a public health problem due to its social, health and nutritional consequences for the mother and child. With the goal to evaluate the nutritional status of pregnant adolescents who attended the High Obstetric Risk clinic of the Hospital Central Universitario Dr. Antonio Maria Pineda, a cross-sectional descriptive study was done in 165 pregnant adolescents with an average age of 17.24 ± 1.54 years, 45.4% had anemia and 72.1% were primiparous. The average age of menarche and sexarquia was 11.66 ± 1.4 years and 15.13 ± 1.83 years, respectively. In regards to nutritional status, 54.5% of adolescents had low weight and 38.7% had normal weight in the first trimester. In the third trimester, 67.2% had normal weight, 17.5% had low weight and 10.3% were overweight. In regards to nutritional status progress, 67.7% of adolescents that were underweight in the first trimester had normal weight in the third trimester and 32.3% continued to have low weight; 79.7% of adolescents with normal weight in the first trimester continued to have normal weight while 18.7% became overweight and 1.5% obese. These results show that anthropometric control is necessary in order to nutritionally monitor pregnant adolescents and prevent or control the occurrence of undesirable maternal-fetal conditions(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Body Mass Index , Maternal-Fetal Relations , Pregnancy Complications , Nutritional Status
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