ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a health problem worldwide, and is associated with serious health consequences. The development of T2D has a strong association with obesity, sedentary lifestyle, genetic factors and other associations of diabetes. Faced with this problem, bariatric surgery has evolved as the treatment that produced a greater decrease in body weight in the long term, unlike the medical treatment. Moreover, it is postulated that bariatric surgery currently may have a beneficial effect in improving the treatment or even diabetes remission in obese patients. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/surgery , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Obesity/surgeryABSTRACT
La historia familiar (HF) de Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (ECNT), aumentaría el riesgo de síndrome metabólico (SM). En Chile, el SM afecta al 27% de niños con sobrepeso, y la hiperglicemia de ayuno (HA) es el trastorno menos prevalente (4.0%). El objetivo fue estudiar la prevalencia del SM y de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en niños con sobrepeso e HF de ECNT analizando su asociación con el número de parientes afectados y con la historia parental (HP). En 183 niños con IMC ≥p85 de 11,8 ± 1,8 años (86 varones) e HF (padres y/o abuelos) de ECNT, se evaluó el z IMC (CDC / NCHS), el perímetro de cintura, la presión arterial, la glicemia, la insulina, los triglicéridos y el colesterol-HDL. El SM y los FRCV fueron diagnosticados por el criterio de Cook y la insulinoresistencia (IR) por el HOMA-IR. Se utilizaron Chi², ANOVA, t Student y Willcoxon. La HF de DM2, hipertensión arterial y dislipidemia fue de 81,4 %, 88,0 % y 71,6 % respectivamente. La prevalencia del SM fue de 46,5%, asociándose a la magnitud del sobrepeso y a la HP de ECNT. La prevalencia de hipertrigliceridemia y de hiperglicemia de ayuno fueron de 54,6% y 31,4% respectivamente. No hubo asociación entre el número de parientes con HF y el perfil cardiovascular y metabólico del niño. Se concluye, que la HF de ECNT, se asocia a una mayor prevalencia del SM, de dislipidemia y de hiperglicemia de ayuno que la observada en población general de niños con sobrepeso.
Metabolic syndrome prevalence in Chilean children and adolescent with family history of chronic noncommunicable diseases. . Family history (FH+) of non transmisible chronic diseases (NTCD) increase MetS risk. In Chile, the MetS affects 27% of overweight children, and fasting hyperglycemia is very low prevalent (4,0%). The objective was to study the prevalence of MetS and the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in overweight children with a family background of NTCD and analyze its association with the number of relatives witth NTCD and with parental history (PH). In 183 overweight children (BMI ≥p85) mean age 11,8 ± 1,8 (86 males) with a FH+ (parental or grandparental) of NTCD, were assessed the BMI z (CDC / NCHS), waist circumference, blood arterial pressure, fasting Glucose and Insulin (RIA), triglycerides, HDL chol. The MetS and the CVRF were diagnosed using the Cook phenotype and the insulin resistance (IR) through the HOMA-IR. Chi², ANOVA, t Student and Willcoxon test were performed. The frequency of FH+ of DM2, hypertension and dyslipidemia were 81,4 %, 88,0 % and 71,6 % respectively. The MeTS prevalence was 46,5 % associated to overweight magnitude an parental history of NTCD. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 54,6%, while fasting hyperglycemia affected 31,4% of the sample. There was no association between number of relatives with NTCD and CV risk profile. We conclude that in overweight children with FH+ of NTCD, the prevalence of MetS, dyslipidemia and fasting hyperglycemia are significantly higher, than those observed in the general population of obese children.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics , Hypoglycemia/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Blood Glucose/analysis , Chronic Disease , Chile/epidemiology , Cholesterol/blood , Diabetes Complications , Disease Susceptibility , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Family , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Medical History Taking , Overweight/complications , Prevalence , Risk FactorsSubject(s)
Food/standards , Food Labeling , Food Labeling , Food Industry/legislation & jurisprudence , Legislation, Food/standards , Australia , Canada , Chile , United States , Japan , United Kingdom , European UnionABSTRACT
Se presenta un caso clínico con diagnóstico final de preeclampsia severa que debuta con una complicación excepcional, la amaurosis bilateral cortical. Se discute esta presentación poco frecuente, realizándose una revisión actualizada.