ABSTRACT
Objective:To compare the perioperative efficacy and safety of postoperative oral glucocorticoid and glucocorticoid stent implantation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps（CRSwNP） undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery（FESS）. Methods:Sixty patients with bilateral CRSwNP with similar degree of lesions were selected and divided into three groups: conventional surgical treatment group（20 cases）, glucocorticoid stent group（20 cases）, and oral glucocorticoid group（20 cases）. All three groups underwent routine FESS, patients in the sinus glucocorticoid stent group receiving sinus glucocorticoid stent placed in the ethmoid sinuses（one on each side） during surgery, and patients in the oral glucocorticoid group received postoperative oral methylprednisolone at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg per day for 7 days, followed by a tapering of 8 mg per week to 8 mg followed by maintenance therapy for 1 week, for a total of 3-4 weeks. Visual analog scale（VAS） scores were used to evaluate nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, olfaction, and facial pressure symptoms before surgery, as well as at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Nasal endoscopic Lund-Kennedy scores were recorded, and adverse reactions such as stent detachment, stent-related allergic reactions, sleep disorders, edema, gastrointestinal symptoms, rash/acne, behavioral/cognitive changes, weight gain, limb pain, and infection risk were documented. Results:The nasal congestion symptom scores at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery were significantly lower than those before operationin all three groups, and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The sinus glucocorticoid stent group exhibited significantly lower nasal congestion symptom scores at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery compared to the conventional surgical treatment group. The rhinorrhea symptom scores at 2, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery were significantly lower than preoperative scores in all three groups. Additionally, the sinus glucocorticoid stent group had significantly lower rhinorrhea scores than the conventional surgical treatment group at 2 weeks postoperatively. Concerning olfaction, the sinus glucocorticoid stent group showed a significant reduction in scores at 12 weeks postoperatively, while the oral glucocorticoid group exhibited significant improvement starting from 8 weeks after surgery. There were no statistically significant differences in nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, facial pressure, and olfaction scores between the sinus glucocorticoid stent and oral glucocorticoid groups at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Nasal endoscopy scores revealed lower polyp scores and edema at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively for all three groups compared to preoperative scores. The conventional surgical treatment group exhibited a significant reduction in nasal secretion scores starting from 8 weeks after surgery, while both the sinus glucocorticoid stent and oral glucocorticoid groups showed significant reductions starting from 2 weeks postoperatively, with scores significantly lower than those of the conventional surgical treatment group at 2 weeks. Scab/scar scores in the conventional surgical treatment group significantly decreased from 8 weeks after surgery, while both the sinus glucocorticoid stent and oral glucocorticoid groups exhibited significant reductions starting from 4 weeks. No statistically significant differences were observed in endoscopy scores（including polyps, edema, nasal secretion, scars, and scabs） between the sinus glucocorticoid stent and oral glucocorticoid groups at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Regarding adverse reactions, no postoperative complications related to sinus glucocorticoid stent were observed in the sinus glucocorticoid stent group. In the oral glucocorticoid group,1 patient experienced irritability, and 1 patient experienced weight gain. Conclusion:The glucocorticoid stent implantation has comparable effects to oral glucocorticoid in improving postoperative nasal symptoms, reducing nasal mucosal edema, scar formation, and nasal secretion in patients with CRSwNP undergoing FESS, with a better safety profile.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nasal Polyps/complications , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Cicatrix/complications , Sinusitis/complications , Postoperative Period , Endoscopy , Rhinorrhea , Edema/complications , Weight Gain , Chronic Disease , Rhinitis/complications , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused havoc across the entire world. Even though several COVID-19 vaccines are currently in distribution worldwide, with others in the pipeline, treatment modalities lag behind. Accordingly, researchers have been working hard to understand the nature of the virus, its mutant strains, and the pathogenesis of the disease in order to uncover possible drug targets and effective therapeutic agents. As the research continues, we now know the genome structure, epidemiological and clinical features, and pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we summarized the potential therapeutic targets involved in the life cycle of the virus. On the basis of these targets, small-molecule prophylactic and therapeutic agents have been or are being developed for prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
ABSTRACT
This paper is to illustrate the infestation and related ecological characteristics of chigger mites on the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi). A total of 17,221 chigger mites were collected from 2,761 R. tanezumi rats, and then identified as 131 species and 19 genera in 2 families. Leptotrombidium deliense, the most powerful vector of scrub typhus in China, was the first major dominant species on R. tanezumi. All the dominant mite species were of an aggregated distribution among different individuals of R. tanezumi. The species composition and infestations of chiggers on R. tanezumi varied along different geographical regions, habitats and altitudes. The species-abundance distribution of the chigger mite community was successfully fitted and the theoretical curve equation was Ŝ (R)=37e–(0.28R)2. The total chigger species on R. tanezumi were estimated to be 199 species or 234 species, and this further suggested that R. tanezumi has a great potential to harbor abundant species of chigger mites. The results of the species-plot relationship indicated that the chigger mite community on R. tanezumi in Yunnan was an uneven community with very high heterogeneity. Wide geographical regions with large host samples are recommended in the investigations of chigger mites.
ABSTRACT
Leptotrombidium scutellare is one of the 6 main vectors of scrub typhus in China. It has been found in more than 15 provinces of China. Especially in Yunnan, it was found to be mainly distributed in some mountainous areas with high altitude, low temperature and low precipitation. Rodents and some other small mammals were the most common hosts of L. scutellare. To date, more than 40 host species of L. scutellare have been recorded with very low host specificity, and the main hosts varied in different geographical regions. L. scutellare had a strong resistance against the cold environment, and the temperature and humidity were 2 important factors affecting its growth and development. Among different individuals of their rodent hosts, L. scutellare mites often showed an aggregated distribution pattern, which reflected the interspecific cooperation of the mites. The chromosome karyotype of L. scutellare was 2n=16 and all the 8 pairs of chromosomes were short rod-shaped with metacentric or sub-metacentric types. The isozyme spectrum supported that L. scutellare, L. deliense and L. rubellum were in the same species group. Based on the natural infection, experimental transmission and epidemiological evidence, L. scutellare has been eventually confirmed as the second major vector of scrub typhus in China, which is second only to L. deliense.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the influence of GPT2（glutamic pyruvate transaminase 2）to biological characteristics of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60.@*METHODS@#The expression of GPT2 in hematological tumor and AML cell was detected. The lentvirus-mediated of short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) was constricted, and the knock-down efficiency of HL-60 in AML cell after infected by lentvirus-mediated was detected by Western blot and Q-PCR. CCK-8 assay and soft agar colony formation assay were used to detect the effect of GPT2 gene deletion to the cell proliferation potential. Fluorescence activated cell sorting(FACS) was used to analyze the effect of gene deletion to the cell cycle and Caspase 3/7 Activity Assay Kit was used to analyze the effect of GPT2 gene deletion to the cell apoptosis.@*RESULTS@#GPT2 showed mRNA high expression in AML patients. CCK-8, soft agar assay, and Caspase 3/7 Activity Assay Kit results showed that compared with shCtrl group, the cells in shGPT2-1、shGPT2-2、shGPT2-3 group showed the slowing down on proliferation, decreasing on colony ability, and the apoptosis of the cells was increasing significantly. FACS showed that GPT2 gene was related to the cycle of HL-60 cell.@*CONCLUSION@#GPT2 appears to involve the proliferation, cycle distribution and apoptosis of AML cell HL-60. The deletion of GPT gene can lead to the inhibitation of cells proliferation and increase apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , HL-60 Cells , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Pyruvates , TransaminasesABSTRACT
This paper is to illustrate the infestation and related ecological characteristics of chigger mites on the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi). A total of 17,221 chigger mites were collected from 2,761 R. tanezumi rats, and then identified as 131 species and 19 genera in 2 families. Leptotrombidium deliense, the most powerful vector of scrub typhus in China, was the first major dominant species on R. tanezumi. All the dominant mite species were of an aggregated distribution among different individuals of R. tanezumi. The species composition and infestations of chiggers on R. tanezumi varied along different geographical regions, habitats and altitudes. The species-abundance distribution of the chigger mite community was successfully fitted and the theoretical curve equation was Ŝ (R)=37e–(0.28R)2. The total chigger species on R. tanezumi were estimated to be 199 species or 234 species, and this further suggested that R. tanezumi has a great potential to harbor abundant species of chigger mites. The results of the species-plot relationship indicated that the chigger mite community on R. tanezumi in Yunnan was an uneven community with very high heterogeneity. Wide geographical regions with large host samples are recommended in the investigations of chigger mites.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the expression of amphiregulin (AREG) in nasal polyps patients with different degrees of eosinophil infiltration, and to analyze the correlation between AREG and tissue remodeling.@*Methods@#Forty-eight patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Remin Hospital, Wuhan University from July 2017 to August 2018 were recruited, including 40 males and 8 females, aged from 16 to 60 years old. The subjects were divided into three groups: control group (n=14), eosinophilic chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) group (n=19) and noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (non-ECRSwNP) group (n=15). The relative expression of AREG in nasal mucosa was detected by Western blot assay and immunohistochemical staining. Tissue remodeling was detected by HE staining, AB-PAS staining and Masson staining. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison among multiple groups, and Spearman correlation analysis was conducted between the expression level of AREG and the related indexes of tissue remodeling.@*Results@#The expression of AREG in ECRSwNP group was significantly higher than that in non-ECRSwNP group and control group (median protein expression of Western blot was 1.592 vs 0.617 vs0.582, all P<0.05). The degree of epithelial injury and goblet cell metaplasia in ECRSwNP group was significantly higher than that in control group (all P<0.05), the percentage of collagen fibrosis area in ECRSwNP group was significantly lower than that in control group (P=0.01). In chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients, the area of mucous glands was negatively correlated with the expression of AREG (r=-0.616, P<0.05), and the percentage of collagen fibrosis area was negatively correlated with the expression of AREG (r=-0.738, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The expression of AREG is higher in ECRSwNP patients, which is related to the process of tissue remodeling.
ABSTRACT
The establishment and development of volunteer team are very important in the whole process of palliative care. The concept and practice of palliative care have been developed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) since the end of 2012. Great progress has been made in different aspects. Volunteers play an extremely important role in the development of palliative care in PUMCH. The whole work began with the establishment of volunteer teams. This article introduces the process of the establishment and development of palliative care volunteer team in PUMCH, aiming to provide practical references for hospitals in mainland China to develop their own palliative care volunteer team.
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Hospitals , Palliative Care , Methods , VolunteersABSTRACT
Objective To investigate doctors' feelings when providing medical care to end-stage patients, and their understanding as well as reflection about theoretical concepts of palliative medicine. Methods Questionnaires were delivered through a social networking platform to 1500 clinicians of different specialties in 10 proviences of China. It covered issues of background information, self-assessment of familiarity to palliative care, prior training history, emotional attitude toward end-stage patients, and the reflections on clinical practice. Logistic regression analysis and chi-square test were used to analyse the categorical variables. Results There were 379 clinicians who completed the questionnaires and submitted successfully. Among them, 66.8% (253/379) had attended palliative care training courses more than twice; 66.8% (253/379) clinicians percieved powerless feeling when facing end-stage patients. We found that the education on palliative medicine was significantly associated to doctors' better comprehension on the concept of palliative care (OR=6.923, P=0.002). Doctors who were more familiar with palliative medicine were less likely to perceive powerless feelings (χ =13.015, P<0.001), and would be more likely to concern about patients and their family members in their clinical work (χ =28.754, P<0.001, χ =24.406, P<0.001). Conclusion The powerless feeling is prevalent in Chinese doctors when facing end-stage patients. Palliative care help them overcome the negative feelings and act more caring in clinic. More careful designed educational strategies that adapt to Chinese actual situation are needed to improve doctors' cognition on palliative care.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , China , Palliative Care , Methods , Physicians , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The estimate of dental caries among Chinese children at the microscale level using standard methodology remains unclear. In this study, we assessed and analyzed the disease burden of childhood dental caries in China by extracting data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016). In 2016, the number of cases, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLD), and age-standardized YLD rate of dental caries was 93.0 million, 43.0%, 32,200 person years, and 14.8 per 100,000, respectively. Across 33 provincial units, the disease burden was highest in Hubei (YLD rate 28.6 per 100,000), lowest in Macao (9.1 per 100,000), while geographical clustering was not observed. Compared with 1990, the prevalence in 2016 decreased from 46.8% to 43.0%, and the YLD rate decreased from 16.5 per 100,000 to 14.8 per 100,000. Given the slight decrease in dental caries burden, the prevalence and disease burden remained high among Chinese children. Strategies for addressing the spatial inequity of childhood dental caries require geographical targeting.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Aging , China , Epidemiology , Dental Caries , Epidemiology , Disabled Persons , Prevalence , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the methods for the therapeutic effect improvement in the treatment of post-stroke urinary retention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-three patients of post-stroke urinary retention were randomized into an observation group (32 cases) and a control group (31 cases). The routine clinical medication of neurology and basic rehabilitation were adopted in the two groups. Additionally, in the control group, the intermittent urinary catheterization and bladder function training were applied. The duration and frequency of catheterization were determined by the autonomic urination and residual urine volume every day. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, acupuncture was applied to the twelve-well points in the sequence offlowing among the twelve meridians [Shaoshang (LU 11), Shangyang (LI 1), Lidui (ST 45), Yinbai (SP 1), Shaochong (HT 9), Shaoze (SI 1), Zhiyin (BL 67), Yongquan (KI 1), Zhongchong (PC 9), Guanchong (TE 1), Zuqiaoyin (GB 44) and Dadun (LR 1)]. Acupuncture was given once a day, 20 treatments were required. In 20 treatments, the clinical therapeutic effects and the residual urine volume were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 90.6% (29/32) in the observation group, better than 67.7% (21/31) in the control group (<0.01)). After treatment, the residue urine volume was all reduced apparently in the patients of the two groups (both<0.01). The result of the residue urine volume in the observation group was lower apparently than that in the control group (<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture at the-well points in the sequence offlowing among meridians combined with bladder function training achieve the apparent therapeutic effects on post-stroke urinary retention. The results are better than those achieved by the routine western medicine with bladder function training involved.</p>
ABSTRACT
To study the inhibitory effect of Glehniae Radix petroleum ether part on TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer A549 and its possible mechanism. With type Ⅱ epithelial cells of lung cancer A549 as the research object, the experiment was performed in 5 μg•L⁻¹ TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition model,and blank control group, model group and Glehniae Radix petroleum ether group were set up. MTT assay was carried out to detect the effect of petroleum ether extract of Glehniae Radix on the survival of A549 cells. A549 cells induced by TGF-β1(5 μg•L⁻¹) was intervened by different polar parts of Glehniae Radix, Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was used to analyze mRNA expressions of the epithelial mesenchymal transition markers, such as ColⅠ,E-cadherin,Vimentin and α-SMA. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect hydroxyproline(HYP) level. The migration and invasion abilities of cells were detected through wound scratch assay. According to the experimental results, the petroleum ether extract of Glehniae Radix could inhibit the growth of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with model group, Glehniae Radix petroleum ether part group could effectively inhibit mRNA expressions of ColⅠ,Vimentin and α-SMA, but improve expression of E-cadherin.Glehniae Radix petroleum ether part could reduce the content of hydroxyproline in cells and inhibit the migration of A549 cells.Therefore, the petroleum ether extract of Glehniae Radix can effectively inhibit the occurrence of epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-β1 induced alveolar epithelial cells, and Glehniae Radix petroleum ether part may be a potential drug for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism may be achieved through the regulation of ColⅠ, Vimentin, α-SMA and E-cadherin.
ABSTRACT
Water-soluble polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine have properties of complex structure and high molecular, resulting in hardly complete their structural characterization.However, a "bottom-up" approach could solve this problem.Glehniae Radix extract was extracted with hot water and then precipitated by 40% ethanol to obtain Glehniae Radix polysaccharides (RGP). Subsequently, a partial acid hydrolysis method was carried out and the effects of acid concentration, time and temperature on hydrolysis were investigated. Under the optimum hydrolysis condition (1.5 mol•L⁻¹ trifluoroacetic acid, 4 h, and 80 ℃), RGP were hydrolyzed to characteristic oligosaccharide fragments. Futher, a hydrophilic liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry method was used for the separation and structural characterization of the polysaccharide hydrolysates. According to MS and MS/MS analysis of several standard disaccharides, a method for determining the type of polysaccharide glycosidic linkage by mass spectrometry was established. The results showed that the polysaccharide hydrolysates were linear glucan containing 1, 4-glycosidic bonds. And gluco-oligosaccharides with the degrees of polymerization (DP) of 4-11 were obtained after partial acid hydrolysis.
ABSTRACT
Pachydermoperiostosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by finger clubbing, periostosis, cutis verticis gyrata and pachydermia accompanied by acroosteolysis and hyperhidrosis. Recently, two susceptibility genes, HPGD and SLCO2A1, have been identified, whose protein products are involved in the transportation of prostaglandin and metabolism underlying pachydermoperiostosis. Here the genetic basis of pachydermoperiostosis and its correlation with its clinical phenotype are reviewed, which may provide a reference for basic research and clinic diagnosis for the disease.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases , Genetics , Organic Anion Transporters , Genetics , Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic , Diagnosis , Genetics , Therapeutics , PhenotypeABSTRACT
We report a case of a patient with Schistosoma mansoni infection who presented with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly. She was diagnosed by a serological test and Kato-Katz thick smear stool examination. The patient was a 52-year-old woman from Sudan who came to Malaysia for a week to visit her sons. The patient lives in the middle of Rabak region, Sudan, a highly endemic area for schistosomiasis where her daily routine includes rearing of cows and farming. The site of toilet and sources of drinking water are canals and wells; both infested with snails. Patient had a long history of exposure and coming into contact with water from these canals and wells.
ABSTRACT
We report a case of a patient with Schistosoma mansoni infection who presented with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly. She was diagnosed by a serological test and Kato-Katz thick smear stool examination. The patient was a 52-year-old woman from Sudan who came to Malaysia for a week to visit her sons. The patient lives in the middle of Rabak region, Sudan, a highly endemic area for schistosomiasis where her daily routine includes rearing of cows and farming. The site of toilet and sources of drinking water are canals and wells; both infested with snails. Patient had a long history of exposure and coming into contact with water from these canals and wells.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the differences in the clinical efficacy on post-stroke speech disorder between scalp electric acupuncture (EA) under anatomic orientation combined with rehabilitation training and simple rehabilitation training.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients of post-stroke speech apraxia were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. In the observation group, under anatomic orientation, the scalp EA was adopted to the dominant hemisphere Broca area on the left cerebrum. Additionally, the speech rehabilitation training was combined. In the control group, the speech rehabilitation training was simply,used. The treatment lasted for 4 weeks totally. The speech movement program module in the psychological language assessment and treatment system of Chinese aphasia was used for the evident of efficacy assessment. The scores of counting, singing scale, repeating phonetic alphabet, repeating monosyllable and repeating disyllable were observed in the patients of the two groups. The assessment was done separately on the day of grouping and 4 weeks after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 4 weeks of treatment, the scores of counting, singing scale, repeating phonetic alphabet, repeating monosyllable and repeating disyllable were all improved as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0. 001). The results in the observation group were better than those in the control group (all P< 0. 05). The total effective rate was 100. 0% (30/30) in the observation group, superior apparently to 53. 3% (16/30) in the control group (P<0. 001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The scalp EA under anatomic orientation combined with' speech rehabilitation training obviously improves speech apraxia in stroke patients so that the speech disorder cani be relieved. The efficacy is better than that in simple rehabilitation training.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acupuncture Points , Apraxias , Rehabilitation , Therapeutics , Electroacupuncture , Language , Speech Disorders , Rehabilitation , Therapeutics , Speech Therapy , StrokeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of formaldehyde inhalation on the allergic rhinitis mice model.@*METHOD@#Forty-eight male BALB/C mice in six experimental group were exposure to (A) saline control; (B) Der p1; (C) formaldehyde (3.0 mg/m3); (D) Derp1 + formaldehyde (1.5 mg/m3); (E) Der p1 + formaldehyde (3.0 mg/M3); (F) Der p1+ formaldehyde (6.0 mg/m3). The concentrations of IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ in the peripheral serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Nasal mucosal inflammation was evaluated by HE staining. Result: Formaldehyde exposure could increase the number of allergic rhinitis mice with sneezing and rubbing nose. The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in group B, D, E and F were higher than that ingroup A (P < 0.05). Compared with the group C, the group D, E and F could effectively increase serum IL-4 and IL-10. The concentration of IL-4 in group E and F was higher than that of group B, while the group C was lower (P < 0.05). The concentration of IL-10 in group D, E and F was higher than that in group B (P < 0.05). The expression of IFN-γ in group B, D, E and F was lower than that in group A. While, the IFN-γ expression in group B was lower than that of group C and higher than that in group F (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of IFN-γ in group D, E and F was lower compared with group C (P < 0.05). The nasal mucosa HE staining showed that the density of EOS increased simultaneously in formaldehyde exposure allergic rhinitis groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The study showed that formaldehyde exposure can promote Th2 cytokines and eosinophil infiltration and then aggravate the allergic rhinitis symptoms.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Arthropod Proteins , Cysteine Endopeptidases , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Formaldehyde , Inflammation , Inhalation Exposure , Interferon-gamma , Blood , Interleukin-10 , Blood , Interleukin-4 , Blood , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Nasal Mucosa , Rhinitis, AllergicABSTRACT
Objective To comprehensively study the oxidative stress of bone tissue in rats with chronic fluorosis treated with anti-oxidant,the oxidative damage of lipid,protein and DNA.Methods Forty Wistar rats weaned 2 weeks were randomized by weight and divided into 4 groups according to body weight,control group (treated with tap water) and 3 NaF (sodium fluoride) exposure groups (treated with NaF at 50,150 and 250 mg/L),5 female rats and 5 male rats in each group.NaF was given through drinking water.After 6 months of treatment,a 12-hour urine samples were collected,then rats were killed,serum was collected,right rear tibiofibula was separated.Bone and urinary fluoride content and incidence rate of dental fluorine were studied and the levels of bone tissue suppression function of hydroxy free radical,superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),protein carbonyls (PCO),and malonaldehyde (MDA) were assayed.Results ① Results of suppression function of hydroxy free radical:The difference of bone tissue suppression function of hydroxy free radical among control [(22.99 ± 4.31)U/mg prot],low-excess dose [(22.76 ± 8.11)U/mg prot],medium-excess dose [(13.47 ± 4.56)U/mg prot] and high-excess dose [(19.40 ± 5.92)U/mg prot] groups was statistically significant (F =5.01,P ＜0.05).②Results of SOD:The difference of bone tissue SOD among control [(5.06 ± 1.16)U/mg prot],low-excess dose [(5.32 ± 1.18)U/mg prot],medium-excess dose [(3.71 ± 0.72)U/mg prot] and high-excess dose [(4.80 ± 1.10)U/mg prot] groups was statistically significant (F =4.44,P ＜0.05).③ Results of CAT:The difference of bone tissue CAT among control [(25.20 ± 5.91)U/mg prot],low-excess dose [(22.53 ± 7.10) U/mg prot],medium-excess dose [(17.96 ± 4.71)U/mg prot] and high-excess dose [(19.52 ± 5.52)U/ mg prot] groups was statistically significant (F =2.85,P ＜0.05).④Results of GSH-Px:The differences of bone tissue GSH-Px among control [(52.86 ± 12.88)U/mg prot],low-excess dose [(70.05 ± 15.72)U/mg prot],medium-excess dose [(51.55 ± 6.97)U/mg prot] and high-excess dose [(57.47 ± 10.99) U/mg prot] groups was statistically significant (F =4.89,P ＜0.05).⑤Results of PCO:The differences of bone tissue PCO among control [(58.73 ± 20.86)ng/L],low-excess dose [(89.41 ± 26.20)ng/L],medium-excess dose [(97.07 ± 22.24)ng/L] and highexcess dose [(83.96 ± 29.55)ng/L] groups was statistically significant (F =4.43,P ＜0.05).⑥Results of 8-OHdG:The differences of bone tissue 8-OHdG among control [(87.66 ± 6.32)ng/L],low-excess dose [(86.31± 6.30)ng/L],medium-excess dose [(92.17 ± 4.28)ng/L] and high-excess dose [(88.02 ± 6.14)ng/L] groups was not statistically significant (F =1.88,P ＞ 0.05).⑦Results of MDA:The differences of bone tissue MDA among control [(3.70 ± 1.73) nmol/mg prot],low-excess dose [(2.10 ± 0.95)nmol/mg prot],medium-excess dose [(3.32± 2.20)nmol/mg prot] and high-excess dose [(2.71 ± 2.18)nmol/mg prot] groups was not statistically significant (F =1.37,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The activity of SOD and CAT of bone tissue are inhibited and suppression function of hydroxy free radical is decreasing under fluorosis influence,which results in protein damage.Oxidative stress is considered to be one of the mechanisms of skeletal fluorosis.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of hypertonic seawater and isotonic seawater for nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis mice model, and explore the possible mechanism of nasal irrigation with seawater in treatment of allergic rhinitis.@*METHOD@#We used Der pl to make allergic rhinitis model of BALB/c mice, and divided them into three groups randomly. Nasal irrigation with hypertonic seawater (HS) or isotonic seawater (IS) in the treatment group 1-14 days after modeling, and black control (BC) group was given no treatment after modeling. Normal control (NC) group was given no treatment, the number of rubs and sneezings in each group were counted in 30 min after the last nasal irrigation. Mice were then killed 24 h after the last therapy. The noses of mice from each group were removed and fixed, then the slices were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, the others were observed by transmission electron microscope.@*RESULT@#Mice with hypertonic seawater and isotonic seawater were significantly improved in rubs and sneezings compared to the black control group (P 0. 05); Ciliated columnar epithelium cells in mucosal tissues of HS group and IS group were arranged trimly, better than that in the black control group. Morphology and microstructure in nasal mucosal of HS group was closer to the normal group than in IS group.@*CONCLUSION@#The injury of nasal mucosa ciliated epithelium was significantly improved by nasal irrigation with hypertonic seawater and isotonic seawater, and the former is better than the latter, the mechanism of nasal irrigation with seawater in treatment of allergic rhinitis may rely on repairing the injured nasal mucosa ciliated epithelium, thereby the symptoms of nasal was reduced.