ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical structure and bioactivity of the alkaloids from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Methods The alkaloids were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, recrystallization, and semi-preparetive HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by physical and spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds were tested by MTS. Results Nine alkaloids were obtained and identified as dictamnine (1), skimmianine (2), schinifoline (3), 6-methoxy-furanoquinolone (4), (+)-(S)-isoplatydesmine (5), (+)-(S)-araliopsine (6), (−)-(S)-ribalinine (7), (−)-(S)-edulinine (8), and (−)-(S)-6-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine (9). Conclusion Compound 4 is a new natural product and compounds 5—9 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 9 has potential cytotoxicity towards HL-60, SMMC-7721, and A549.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics change of schisandra chinensis under the pathological condition of liver dysfunction for safe and rational use of herbal medicines. METHODS The metabolism of four effective lignans from schisandra chinensis(SC), schisandrin,schisantherin A, deoxyshisandrin and γ-schisandrin was studied using microsomes from patients with advanced hepato-cellular carcinoma. In situ intestinal and hepatic perfusions were conducted to clarify the contributions from impairments of gut and liver on the pharmacokinetics of the four schisandra lignans in CCl4-intoxi-cated rats.The metabolism in rat and human liver microsomes and transport in Caco-2 monolayer cell model were studied to reveal the key factors for the in vivo disposition of the four lignans. RESULTS When SC alcoholic extract was orally administrated to CCl4-intoxicated rat for a short term (4 d), the pharmacokinetics of four active SC lignans was significantly changed while its hepatoprotective effect was not obviously observed.The plasma concentrations of the four schisandra lignans were dramatical-ly elevated compared with the control.The Cmax,AUC and MRT were all increased or prolonged signif-icantly while parameter CLz/F was obviously reduced in rat pretreated with CCl4. In hepatic perfusion study and liver microsomes incubation,it was found that the hepatic metabolism of the four lignans was markedly decreased mainly due to the activity reduction of multiple CYP450 isoenzymes involved the metabolism, which, eventually, might lead to the alternation of their pharmacokinetic profiles in CCl4-intoxicated rats or patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSION The pharmacoki-netic studies of SC components in pathological situation of liver dysfunction are expected to provide useful data for rational and safe application of SC preparations in clinic or further pharmacological and toxicological research.
ABSTRACT
The requirements of TCM diagnosis and treatment techniques were analyzed for data mining,and their characteristics were also explored.The application,key technologies and development prospect of data mining were summarized when used for TCM diagnosis and treatment.The involvement of data mining in TCM diagnosis and treatment decreased the cost while increased the efficiency.The futural prospect of data mining applied to TCM diagnosis and treatment was pointed out,and references were provided for the development of TCM diagnosis and treatment.