ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression profile of NK ligands in acute leukemia cell lines and investigate the differential expression pattern between acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using quantitative real-time PCR, 23 NK ligands (MICA, MICB, ULBP-1, ULBP-2, ULBP-3, ULBP-4, HLA-E, HLA-G, CD48, NBTA, HLA-F, LLT-1, PVR, Nectin2, CD72, CD80, ICAM-1, LFA-3, CRACC, Fas, DR4, DR5, TNFR1) were detected in 6 acute leukemia cell lines, including 3 ALL cell lines (CEM, Jurkat T, Reh) and 3 AML cell lines (HL-60, KG-1a, NB4), respectively. Independent-samples t test analysis was performed to determine statistical significance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using β-actin as reference gene, the relative expression results showed that the expression of 4 NK ligands between ALL and AML is significantly different. Specifically, the level of ULBP-2 is higher in ALL (CEM: 1, Jurkat T: 0.617, Reh: 0.246) than that in AML (HL-60: 0.000, KG-1a: 0.003, NB4: 0.000)(P = 0.047). However, the expressions of CD48, PVR(PVR-1, PVR-2) and DR4 is higher in AML (HL-60: 13.987, 4.403, 10.334, 8.711; KG-1a: 5.387, 2.900, 7.315, 4.512; NB4: 7.763, 3.248, 7.049, 6.127) than that in ALL (CEM: 1, 1, 1, 1; Jurkat T: 2.035, 1.553, 3.888, 0.449; Reh: 1.559, 0.000, 0.000, 1.304) (P = 0.044, 0.014, 0.014, 0.011). And there're no significant differences between the rest 19 NK ligands.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ULBP-2, CD48, PVR and DR4 might play an important role in the distinct mechanisms in leukemogenesis between ALL and AML and could be potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Disease , Antigens, CD , Genetics , Metabolism , CD48 Antigen , Cell Line, Tumor , GPI-Linked Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , HL-60 Cells , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Leukemia , Genetics , Metabolism , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Genetics , Metabolism , Ligands , Membrane Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Genetics , Metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand , Genetics , Metabolism , Receptors, Virus , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
To investigate the characteristics of action potentials and their ionic mechanism in cardiomyocytes from rabbit pulmonary vein sleeves (PVC), and to compare them with those in left atrial cardiomyocytes (LAC), the technique of whole-cell patch clamp was applied. We used current-clamp technique to record action potentials, and voltage-clamp technique to record ionic currents. PVC had longer action potential duration (APD) than LAC, and therefore a second plateau response could be induced easily, suggesting a strong tendency of early afterdepolarization (EAD) genesis in PVC. Non-selective cation current (I(NSCC)) was first recorded in both LAC and PVC. This I(NSCC)was permeable to K(+), Na(+) and Cs(+), sensitive to GdCl3 but not sensitive to 4-AP. The current densities of inward rectifier potassium current (I(K1)), transient outward potassium current (I(To)) and I(NSCC) were all significantly less in PVC than those in LAC. These differences in repolarizing ionic currents between PVC and LAC form a basis of the differences in their action potential configurations and might be an important ionic mechanism of the arrhythmogenic characteristics of pulmonary vein muscle sleeves.