Expression and Prognostic Value of Cripto-1 in Pancreatic Cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the expression of Cripto-1 in pancreatic cancer and to analyze its clinical significance. Methods Cripto-1 expression in normal pancreas,pancreatic cancer and adjacent non-tumor tissues,chronic pancreatitis tissues and other related tissues was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.The association of Cripto-1 expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic value of Cripto-1 in patients with pancreatic cancer were analyzed. Results The expression of Cripto-1 was higher in chronic pancreatitis tissues,pancreatic cancer and its metastases than in normal pancreas(P=0.019,P=0.025,and P=0.018,respectively).Cripto-1 overexpression was correlated with poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer.The patients with Cripto-1 upregulation had shorter median survival time(8 months vs.16 months,χ

Effects of connective tissue growth factor gene-silencing on cell growth and cell cycle of hepatic stellate cells / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To investigate the effects of silencing connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) gene on the growth, cell cycle and the expression of TGF-β1, Smad3 and Smad7 of rat hepatic stellate cell line HSCT6. Methods • The recombinant lentivirus vector pCDH/Ctgf-shRNA of Ctgf gene was constructed by RNA interference. The recombinant vector was packaged to obtain highly infectious pCDH/Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus particles for HSCT6 infection. The expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the transfected HSCT6 cells was observed under fluorescence microscope. The effects of Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus on the growth of HSCT6 cells were tested by CCK-8. The effects of Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus on the cell cycle of HSCT6 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The effects of Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus on the expression of mRNA of Ctgf, Tgf-β1, Smad3 and Smad7, and their proteins in HSCT6 cells were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results • The lentiviral vector pCDH/Ctgf-shRNA has been constructed successfully. The HSCT6 cells transfected by Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus significantly expressed GFP under fluorescence microscope. The results of CCK-8 confirmed that the growth of HSCT6 cells transfected by Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus was slower than that of controls and the differences were statistically significant after being cultured for 72 h (P<0.05). The results of FCM revealed that the growth of HSCT6 cells transfected by Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus was blocked in the S phase of cell cycle. The results of real-time PCR and Western blotting showed that the Ctgf-shRNA lentivirus effectively silenced Ctgf gene, down-regulated the expression of genes and encoding proteins of TGF-β1, and Smad3 of HSCT6 and up-regulated the expression of genes and encoding proteins of Smad7 of HSCT6 cells. The differences between transfected cells and controls were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion • Silencing Ctgf gene can effectively inhibit the growth of HSCT6 cells, down-regulate the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 and up-regulate the expression of Smad7. The inhibition of the growth of HSCT6 cells may be closely related to interference of the TGF-β1/Smads (Smad3 and Smad7) signaling pathway.

An UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of multiple constituents in Guizhi Fuling capsule with ultrafast positive/negative ionization switching / 中国天然药物

Guizhi Fuling capsule (GFC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with effects of promoting blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, has been widely used in the clinic. Because of the complex matrix and various chemical structure types, quality control of GFC remains great challenge. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography hybrid triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ MS) method with ultrafast positive/negative ionization switching was developed for simultaneous determination of 18 bioactive components in GFC, including methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoic acid, albiflorin, paeonolide, paeoniflorin, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-pentagalloylglucose, mudanpioside C, benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, pachymic acid, amygdalin, cinnamaldehyde, paeonol, cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid. Separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Extend-C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm), using a gradient elution with acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid. Cholic acid was selected as the internal standard. This newly developed method was fully validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability, and then applied to quality assessment of GFC. Finally, the batch-to-batch reproducibility of GFC samples was evaluated by the cosine ration and Euclidean distance method, which showed high quality consistency. The results demonstrated that the developed method pro vided a reasonable and powerful manner for quality control of GFC.

Chinoketides A and B, Two New Antimicrobial Polyketides from the Endophytes of Distylium chinense with the “Black-Box” Co-culture Method

Two new polyketides, chinoketides A and B (1 – 2) with a known compound xylarphthalide A (3), were isolated from the solid medium of the endophytes from the leaves of the relic plant Distylium chinense with the “black-box” co-culture method, and the structures of two new compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS and CD spectra. And the absolute configurations of chinoketides A (1) and B (2) were determined as 2R,3R,8S and 5R,6S by calculating their ECD spectra to compare with the experimental CD spectra. Finally, the antimicrobial activities were evaluated to Erwinia carotovora sub sp. Carotovora (Jones) Bersey et al, and the results showed that compounds 1 – 3 displayed the antimicrobial activities with MIC value at 20.5, 30.4 and 10.2 µg/mL.

An UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of multiple constituents in Guizhi Fuling capsule with ultrafast positive/negative ionization switching / 中国天然药物

Guizhi Fuling capsule (GFC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with effects of promoting blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, has been widely used in the clinic. Because of the complex matrix and various chemical structure types, quality control of GFC remains great challenge. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography hybrid triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ MS) method with ultrafast positive/negative ionization switching was developed for simultaneous determination of 18 bioactive components in GFC, including methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoic acid, albiflorin, paeonolide, paeoniflorin, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-pentagalloylglucose, mudanpioside C, benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, pachymic acid, amygdalin, cinnamaldehyde, paeonol, cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid. Separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Extend-C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm), using a gradient elution with acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid. Cholic acid was selected as the internal standard. This newly developed method was fully validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability, and then applied to quality assessment of GFC. Finally, the batch-to-batch reproducibility of GFC samples was evaluated by the cosine ration and Euclidean distance method, which showed high quality consistency. The results demonstrated that the developed method pro vided a reasonable and powerful manner for quality control of GFC.

An assessment of the relationship between bone loss and carbonated beverages: a meta-analysis / 预防医学

Objective The aim of the present study was to estimate the quantitative contributions of carbonated beverages consumption to bone loss.Methods We pedormed computer searches of PubMed,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,CALIS to search for studies investigating the relationship between carbonated beverages and bone loss.For carbonated beverages investigated in a comparative way,we use random effect model to compute pooled odds ratios (ORs) and Cochran Q statistic to estimate the heterogeneity.Results A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and the relationships between carbonated beverages and bone loss were considered,including colas and bone loss.The following associations were found for carbonated beverages and low bone density (OR =1.28,95％ CI =1.02-1.60),carbonated beverages and bone fractures (OR =1.53,95％ CI =1.04-2.26),colas and bone fractures (OR =2.00,95％ CI =1.24-3.24).Condusion The present results indicate that carbonated beverages were associated with bone loss.This meta-analysis may have important public health implications given the widespread use of carbonated beverages.

An analysis on epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreak occurred in Zhejiang Province,2015 / 预防医学

Objective To learn the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreak in 2015,Zhejiang Province,and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of foodborne disease outbreak.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis using ArcGIS 10.2 and SPSS 19.0 was conducted on geographical country data,information of permanent resident population and the incidence data of foodborne disease outbreak reported through foodborne disease outbreak reporting information system in 2015.Results There were 116 foodborne disease events reported in Zhejiang in 2015,resulting in 1 009 persons attacked,115 hospitalization and 10 deaths.The proportion of unknown pathogenic factor for events was 29.31%.The events appearance sporadic,there were some local hotspots in Jiaxing.The vibrio parahaemolyticus was the most common pathogen (32.76%),and poisonous mushrooms(8.62%)come the second.Most foodborne disease incidents occurred during June to November.Restaurants ,family and rural feasts were the major places where the foodborne disease occurred.The proportion of family foodborne disease events because of mistaken and misuse poisonous substances increased,and the hospitalization rate and mortality of events of which were the highest (33.9% and 7.63% respectively).Conclusion The food safety management and of restaurants and rural feasts should be strengthened in summer and autumn,as well as foodborne disease prediction and forewarning to reduce the foodborne disease incidents caused by microorganism contamination and poisonous muchnooms.It is necessary to conduct public risk cognition research for foodborne disease in Zhejiang,which could provide evidence for preventing and controlling family foodborne disease.

An investigation on adult dietary protein intake in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective TolearntheproteinintakestatusofadultsinZhejiangProvinceandtoinvestigatetherelationship between the protein intake and influencing factors,and in order to provide a scientific basis for improving adult protein intake.Methods Datawereselectedfromthe2010—2012ChineseNationalNutritionandHealthSurveyinZhejiang province.Data were gained through medical examination and the method of 3 day 24-hour dietary recall and food weighted record.Descriptiveanalysiswasconducted.Results Therewere1160men(48.09%)and1252women(51.91%)in 2 412 cases in this analysis.The average protein intake per day was 71.87 g for per reference man,and the intake quartile was 66.06(51.17-85.93)g/d and 38.14% of adults were not achieved the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI).The multi factor logistic regression analysis showed that age,region,income and occupation were the main factors affecting protein intake.Age was a risk factor,while income was a protective factor.Big cities were more easily to have insufficient protein intake than median and small cities.Students,agriculture,housework and other groups of adults were more easily to have insufficient protein intake.And 30.70% of dietary protein was from cereal,and 39.70% was from animal food. Sources of dietary protein were statistical significant among different areas and age.Protein intake from cereal among young people (29.60%),old people (29.95%),and people living in big cities (19.81%)was low.Protein intake from cereal among people living in medium and small cities (10.40%)was high.Young people (43.12%)and people living in big cities(52.87%)hadhigheranimalsourceprotein.Conclusion TheproteinintakeofadultsinZhejiangProvincewasnot achieved the RNI.It is important to conduct health educations according to the protein intake problems of different groups to improve their protein intake status.

An investigation on the status of education and health service related to sexual and reproductive health among early adolescent students / 预防医学

Objective Toanalyzethestatusofeducationandhealthservicerelatedtosexualandreproductivehealthamong early adolescent students in Zhejiang Province and to provide scientific evidence for puberty education and health service. Methods Across-sectionalsurveywasconductedamong1312primarystudentsfromgrade4to6inZhejiangProvince, with stratified cluster sampling method.A self-made questionnaire was used to collect the information of their demographic characteristics and the utilization and demand situation of education and health service related to sexual and reproductive health.Results Amongthestudents,37.33percentofthestudentshadnevergotthesexualandreproductivehealth knowledge from school,and only 32.92 percent of them said that their school had provided adolescent health care service, and 34.32 percent of them was not satisfied with this service.And 48.75 percent of them said that their parents had never communicated SRH topics with them,meanwhile,35 .94 percent of them had never asked their parents SRH questions,and only 16.96 percent of them felt easy when they communicate SRH topics with their parents,and only 23.69 percent of them hope to communicate SRH topics with their parents.Meanwhile,59.65 percent of them had never communicated SRH topics with their peers,and 10.67 percent of them had gone to hospital due to pubertal development and reproductive health problems,and 59.41 percent of them thought it necessary to open adolescent reproductive health clinics in society. Conclusion Schooleducation,familyeducation,peereducationandsocialhealthservicerelatedtosexualand reproductive health among early adolescent students is relatively backward,and there is a big gap between the existing service and the demand of adolescents.

A cross -sectional study on self -reported acute gastroenteritis in Hangzhou -Jiaxing -Huzhou area / 预防医学

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of self -reported acute gastroenteritis in Hangzhou -Jiaxing -Huzhou area in Zhejiang Province.Methods According to the population capacity,the household interview was conducted among families selected by multi stage sampling method from July 2010 to June 2011,and one person who was approaching birthday in every family was selected for investigation, including symptoms and treatment of acute gastroenteritis.Results Totally 9 548 people were investigated.The monthly prevalence of acute gastroenteritis among the surveyed population was 2.95% and the incidence was 0.39 per person year.It was estimated that there would be 5.875 6 million cases of acute gastroenteritis occurred during this year in the area.Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly prevalence in female was higher than in male.The monthly prevalence reached the high level in July and August.The monthly prevalence in preschool children was the highest.The monthly prevalence in rural population was higher than that in the urban population.Besides,the monthly prevalence in those of family number ≥3 was higher than that of family number less than 3.Totally,56.38% of the cases visited docter,and 54.67% of the cases took antibiotics;13.48%reported work absence and 2.13% reported school absence due to the illness.Conclusion The disease burden of acute gastroenteritis could be heavy in Hangzhou -Jiaxing -Huzhou area.Gender,education,season,residence and the size of family may have some effects on the occurrence of acute gastroenteritis.

A survey on the nutritional status of vitamin A among urban residents / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of vitamin A among urban residents. Methods Using stratified random sampling method,a total of 400 residents from two cities in Zhejiang were selected. They were interviewed by questionnaire,also, the dietary survey, physical measurement and blood sample testing were used. According to Recommended Nutrient Intake( RNI)of vitamin A,to evaluate the intake of Vitamin A and analysis the nutritional status and influenc factors. Results The median of vitamin A concentration was 0. 463( inter-quartile range is 0. 213)μg/mL, and the percentage of severe vitamin A deficiency( VAD ),VAD,insufficiency and adequate serum vitamin A were 0. 25%,0. 50%,6. 75% and 92. 50% respectively. Among 299 individuals who participated in the dietary survey,the median of daily vitamin A intake was 350. 5( inter-quartile range was 351. 5)μgRE. Only 25. 42% of participants' dietary intake of vitamin A met the level of 80% RNI,while 61. 87% of peoples' daily intake of vitamin A under 60%RNI. Male, from the bigger city,older age,high level of triglyceride and more intake of cholesterol may contribute to a higher level of serum vitamin A. Conclusion The majority of urban residents had adequate vitamin A . But the intake of dietary vitamin A still should be paid more attention. Serum vitamin A was associated with age,gender and district.

Dietary Patterns Associated Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Dietary pattern has been revealed to be associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the association was not well documented in Chinese due to the complexity of Chinese foods. We mainly assessed the dietary patterns and examined their effects on metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults. Four dietary patterns including 'Refined Grains & Vegetables' Pattern, 'Dairy & Eggs' Pattern, 'Organ Meat & Poultry' Pattern, and 'Coarse Grains & Beans' Pattern were extracted. 'Dairy & Eggs' Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of metabolic syndrome in women, and 'Coarse Grains & Beans' Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of hypertension in men. These results provided a scientific basis for future research and dietary guideline perfection.

Icariin Promoted Osteogenic Differentiation of SD Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: an Experimental Study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe features of Icariin in promoting osteogenic differentiation of SD rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) SD rats' BMSCs were isolated and purified by mechanically isolated and cultured by whole bone marrow adherent method. Effects of various concentrations Icariin on serum activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected using amino antipyrine phenol determination method at day 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21. Calcium nodes of each groups were detected using alizarin red staining. Roles of various concentrations Icariin in promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were observed. (2) BMSCs were divided into the blank control group, the osteogenic induced group, and the Icariin group (0.5 microg/mL). ALP activities were detected at day 7, 14, and 21 of culture. Meanwhile, ALP positive staining rate and calcium nodes were detected at day 14 and 21 respectively. Additionally, mRNA expressions of Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) and Osteocalcin were detected at day 7, 14, and 21 by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) 0.05-5.0 microg/mL Icariin could significantly elevate serum ALP activities. Of them, 0.2-2.0 microg/mL Icariin significantly increased calcium nodes numbers (P < 0.01). (2) When Icariin promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, Runx2 mRNA expression levels and ALP activities increased earlier and then decreased, while osteocalcin mRNA expression levels continued to increase (P < 0.01). Compared with the osteogenic induced group, ALP activities and ALP positive staining rate were both elevated after 14 days of Icariin treatment in the Icariin group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Icariin could promote the differentiation of BMSCs to osteoblasts by up-regulating Runx2 mRNA expression levels. It also could promote the mineralization by increasing ALP secretion and Osteocalcin mRNA expression levels, thereby promoting mature of newly generated osteoblasts.</p>

A research on the dietary intake of selenium among rural and urban residents / 预防医学

Objective To understand the dietary intake of selenium and its influencing factors among rural and urban residents in Zhejiang province. Methods From 2010 to 2012,a total of 2,659 residents were selected from large urban sites,small-medium urban sites and rural sites in Zhejiang. Using 24 -hour dietary recall method,a 3 -day household dietary survey to analysis the dietary intake of selenium. Results The average daily dietary intake of selenium for residents aged 1-,4-,7 -,11 -,14 -,18 -,45 - and 60 - was 21. 96,26. 39,31. 62,35. 26,29. 39,41. 78,39. 12 and 38. 40 μg,respectively. According to formulation of Chinese Nutrition Society,the dietary selenium intake of 42. 56%juveniles and 52. 09% of adults was below the estimated average requirement( EAR). Significant statistical differences were found between normal group and insufficient dietary selenium intake group in terms of age,sex,region,level of education, per capita annual income,physical exercise and smoking status(all P<0. 01). Influencing factors of insufficient selenium intake were female(OR =1. 86,95%CI:1. 59 -2. 63),rural area( OR =1. 46,95%CI:1. 23 -1. 73),lower level of education(OR=0. 70,95%CI:0. 57 -0. 86)and lower income( OR =0. 72,95% CI:0. 60 -0. 88). Conclusion Influencing factors of dietary selenium intake are sex,region,level of education and per capita income. Dietary selenium supplement should be strengthened through a variety of ways,especially in target population.

An investigation on vitamin D status of residents in Zhejiang province / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the vitamin D status of residents in two cities of Zhejiang province.Methods 442 participants from Hangzhou and Ningbo were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method,then the blood samples were collected and the serum level of 25 -hydroxyl vitamin D [25 (OH)D]was detected by the method of radioimmunoassay to analyze the Vitamin D status.Results Median (25 th-75 th percentile)level of serum 25 (OH)D in subjects aged 6 -11,12 -17,18 -44,45 -59 and over 60 years were 53.19 (41.85 -64.89),48.76 (32.56 -60.52),59.91 (48.05 -72.79),68.67 (55.50 -78.07)and 70.97 (56.91 -84.65)nmol/L,respectively.The number of vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D<25 nmol/L],insufficiency[25≤25(OH)D <50 nmol/L],normal [50≤25 (OH)D <75 nmol/L ],sufficiency [25 (OH )D ≥75 nmol/L ] were 2.95%,30.84%,44.22% and 22.00%, respectively.Conclusion The deficient and insufficient status of vitamin D is common among residents in two cities of Zhejiang province.Vitamin D nutrition situation should be improved.

An evaluation on dietary pattern and quality among residents in Zhejiang province / 预防医学

Objective To assess the dietary pattern and quality of residents in Zhejiang province.Methods 21 52 residents aged 1 8 -79 years old were selected using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method and the data from Chinese nutrition status monitoring project during 201 0 -201 2 was used.The results were evaluated using Chinese diet balance index.Results 41.08% of the residents in Zhejiang province was mild diet imbalance and 50.79% was middle diet imbalance while insufficient and excessive intakes were coexist.Mild and middle insufficient intakes were accounted for 66.1 7%and 27.88%respectively,while mild excessive intake was accounted for 35.55%.The diet balance indexes including DBI-LBS,DBI-HBS and DBI-DQD were 46.00,26.00 and 57.00 respectively.The dietary quality of males,rural areas was lower while residents aged 40 -49 years had the lowest dietary quality.There was positive correlation between dietary quality and degree of education (P<0.05 ).The main dietary pattern of residents in Zhejiang was pattern B (62.41%)following by pattern A (26.44%).Conclusion Insufficient and excessive intakes coexist among residents in Zhejiang province.Male,living in rural areas,people aged 40 -49 years or with lower degree of education should be taken as target intervention subjects.

Study on level of dietary iodine intake and its contribution rate of residents in Zhejiang / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the level of dietary iodine intake and its contribution in Zhejiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 9798 subjects were recruited in this survey with multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method in April, 2010, the 24-hours dietary recall method and the "food composition table" were used to obtain the dietary iodine intake, and edible salt and drinking water samples were collected to detect the content of iodine.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 9798 subjects were included in this survey. The mean intake of dietary iodine in Zhejiang residents per standard man-days was (395.13 ± 78.16) µg/d, which in between of Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) 150 µg/d and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) 1000 µg/d; the iodine intake of 18.40% (1803/9798) subjects was lower than estimated average requirement of iodine (EAR), 4.68% (459/9798) subjects was higher than the UL. The means of dietary iodine intake in various areas were (498.85 ± 96.77) µg/d, (384.50 ± 88.76) µg/d and (326.33 ± 78.32)µg/d in inland areas, sub-coastal areas and coastal areas, successively (F = 27.17, P < 0.05); the proportions of dietary iodine intake lower than EAR were 34.89% (1239/3551), 10.48% (370/3530) and 7.14% (197/2717) in coastal areas, sub-coastal area and inland areas, successively (χ(2) = 62.87, P < 0.01) , while those higher than UL were 5.10% (180/3530), 4.86% (132/2717) and 4.14% (147/3551) in sub-coastal area, inland areas and coastal areas.In the condition of ignoring cooking loss, the mean contribution of dietary iodine intake in edible salt, all kinds of food and drinking water were 74.92% (296.03/395.13), 23.85% (94.24/395.13) and 1.23% (4.86/395.13), successively; the contributions of edible salt in inland areas, sub-coastal areas and coastal areas were 83.72% (417.64/498.85), 73.05% (280.88/384.50) and 66.83% (280.09/326.33), successively; the contributions of drinking water in sub-coastal areas, coastal areas and inland areas were 1.61% (6.19/384.50) , 1.44% (4.70/326.33) and 0.65% (3.24/498.85) , successively (χ(2) = 7.24, P = 0.032) ; the contribution of laver in coastal areas, sub-coastal areas and inland areas were 22.57% (73.65/326.33), 17.11% (65.79/384.50) and 8.09% (40.36/498.85), successively (χ(2) = 82.17, P < 0.01) ; the contribution of sea fish in coastal areas, sub-coastal areas and inland areas were 2.38% (7.77/326.33), 0.72% (2.77/384.50) and 0.68% (3.39/498.85) (χ(2) = 19.47, P = 0.012).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The dietary iodine intake of Zhejiang residents was at recommended intake levels; the iodized salt turns out to be the main source, the iodine nutrition level was relatively low in coastal areas of Zhejiang, which the coverage of iodized salt should be improved.</p>

Assessment on dietary iodine intake in three areas of Zhejiang province, 2009 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To assess the level of dietary iodine intake in three areas of Zhejiang and the related policy on universal salt iodization in the province.Methods The study involved 497residents from 180 families living in Hangzhou,Taizhou,Zhoushan cities,representing coastal and inland areas in Zhejiang province in 2009.A total diet study was applied to obtain the typical diet samples at three study areas through food consumption,aggregation,sampling and preparation processes.The contents of iodine in diet samples were determined by tetramethylammonium hydroxide extraction-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.The amount of dietary iodine intake was calculated by timing the food consumption data and the iodine content in different dietary samples.The safety of dietary iodine intake was evaluated according to the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) and tolerable upper intake level (UL) published by the Chinese Nutrition Society in 2001.Results The dietary iodine intake of reference person in three areas of Zhejiang province was 421.0 μg/d.The levels of P5,P25,median,P75,P90,P95 dietary iodine intake were 145.7 μ g/d,267.6 μg/d,358.5 μg/d,495.6 μ g/d,774.1 μg/d and 1273.0 μg/d respectively.Daily dietary iodine intake at ＜RNI,RNI-UL,＞UL accounted for 5.2％,87.5％ and 7.2％ of all the participants respectively.Without considering the loss through cooking,salt iodine provided 81.6％ of the dietary iodine source.The resources of dietary iodine would include vegetables,cereals and marine food,proportionally,as 57.2％,13.0％ and 8.5％,respectively.Participants whose daily dietary iodine intake exceeded the UL level would consume more marine algae products than those whose dietary iodine intakes were lower than RNI or between RNI-UL.Conclusion Dietary iodine intake among most residents and their average level were among reasonable ranges.Meanwhile,deficiency and excess of iodine intake coexisted.Salt iodine was the main resource of dietary iodine.Participants whose dietary iodine intakes exceeding the UL level,would prefer consume more marine algae products.

Logistic regression analysis of damp-heat and cold-damp impeding syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis: a perspective in Chinese medicine / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate a method for quantitative differential diagnosis of damp-heat and cold-damp impeding syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Chinese medicine (CM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Laboratory parameters were collected from 306 patients with RA. The clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters were compared between patients with these two syndromes (158 with RA of damp-heat impeding syndrome, and 148 with RA of cold-damp impeding syndrome), and a regression equation was established to facilitate discrimination of the two RA syndromes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in disease activity score in 28 joints [DAS28 (4)], erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet count (PLT), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB) between the two syndrome of RA (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the parameters ESR, WBC, CRP, joint pyrexia, joint cold, thirst, sweating, aversion to wind and cold, and cold extremities were statistically useful to discriminate damp-heat from cold-damp impeding syndrome. The regression equation was as follows: P=1/{1+exp[-(3.0-0.021X (1)-0.196X (2)-0.163X (3)-1.559X (4)+1.504X (5)-0.927X (6)-1.039X (7)+1.070X (8)+1.330X (9))]}. The independent variables X (1)-X (9) were ESR, WBC, CRP, hot joint, cold joint, thirst, sweating, aversion to wind and cold, and cold limbs. A P value > 0.5 signified cold-damp impeding syndrome, and a P value < 0.5 signified damp-heat impeding syndrome. The accuracy was 90.2%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The regression equation may be useful for discriminating damp-heat from cold-damp impeding syndrome of RA.</p>

Effects of yigu capsule containing serum on the osteoblast differentiation and the expressions of osteoprotegerin and bone morphogenetic protein 2 after treatment by advanced glycation end products in vitro / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of Yigu Capsule (YGC) containing serum on the differentiation and the expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) in osteoblasts after treatment by advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and to explore the mechanisms of YGC for treating osteoporosis (OP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty 10-month-old female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups equally, i.e., the low dose YGC group, the moderate dose YGC group, the high dose YGC group, and the blank control group. The YGC containing serum and the control serum were prepared with the method of gastric perfusion. Primary osteoblasts of newborn SD rats was extracted and cultured, then they were passaged and divided into five groups, i. e., the vehicle control group, the model group, the low dose YGC group, the moderate dose YGC group, and the high dose YGC group. The model group was treated by AGEs (400 mg/L), the three YGC groups were treated by AGEs (400 mg/L) and YGC containing serum at different concentrations. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type I collagen (ColI), bone gla protein (BGP), and mineralization of osteoblasts were tested using pNPP, ELISA, and Alizarin dyeing. The mRNA and protein levels of BMP-2 and OPG were respectively determined using RT-PCR and ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Primary osteoblasts from newborn SD rats could be used well in this experiment. Compared with the vehicle control group, the ALP, ColI, BGP, the mRNA and protein levels of BMP-2 and OPG of osteoblasts decreased in the model group, and the mineralized nodes were reduced, showing statistical difference (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the ALP, ColI, BGP, the mRNA and protein levels of BMP-2 and OPG of osteoblasts increased in the three YGC groups, and the mineralized nodes increased in a dose-dependent manner, showing statistical difference (P<0.05, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>YGC containing serum could promote the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts, and improve the expressions of OPG and BMP-2 after treatment by AGEs. These might be one of YGC's mechanisms for treating OP.</p>