ABSTRACT
Purpose To assess the feasibility of nuclear score combined with ultrasound features on indeterminate thyroid nodules in fine needle aspiration cytological diagnosis.Methods A consecutive cohort of 119 thyroid fine-needle aspiration(FNA)specimens with indeterminate diagnosis(TBSRTC cate-gory Ⅲ-Ⅴ)and available histopathologic follow-up was evalua-ted.Original sonographic images and cytological slides of each nodule were reviewed by two experienced sonographers and two experienced cytopathologists respectively,and evaluated jointly to obtain consensus.The identification of the optimal cut-off points of simplified nuclear score and ultrasound features score for the diagnosis of malignancy or low-risk neoplasm were evalu-ated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and the assessment of the area under the ROC curve(AUC).The specificity,sensitivity,positive predictive value(PPV)and negative predictive value(NPV)of nuclear score and US score were evaluated from crosstabs based on Cut-off points and signif-icance were calculated.The diagnostic accuracy of simplified nuclear score combined with ultrasound features was estimated by Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis.Results Nucle-ar grooves,intra-nuclear inclusions and chromatin clearing were more common in malignancy/low-risk neoplasms(P = 0.001,0.013 and 0.001 respectively).A Cut-off point of≥2 for the simplified nuclear score was sensitive for defining malignancy/low-risk neoplasm,and the sensitivity was 99.1%.Nodule height greater than width,absent halo sign,irregular margin and absent intranodular vascularization were more common in malig-nancy/low-risk neoplasms(P = 0.003,0.007,0.003 and 0.004 respectively).When the Cut-off point was set as≥5,the PPV and specificity for defining malignancy/low-risk neoplasm were 95.9%and 78.6%respectively.ROC curve analysis showed that the diagnostic accuracy of nuclear score combined with US score(0.873,95%CI = 0.777-0.970)was higher than that of nuclear score alone(0.817,95%CI = 0.687-0.948,P =0.092)or US score alone(0.758,95%CI 0.637-0.879,P =0.047).But no significant difference was detec-ted between the combined score and the nuclear score.Conclu-sion The addition of simplified nuclear score and US score to FNA cytology can increase the diagnostic accuracy of cytology in indeterminate categories.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the Migration ability toward human pancreatic carcinoma cell line and human colon carcinoma cell line with difference HSP 70 plasma membrane expression .Methods: CD3-CD56+NK cells were obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear(PBMC)in stem cell growth medium SCGM,2μg/ml TKD was added to the medium on 10th day,the ac-tivating receptor CD94/NKG2C expression levels on NK cells was detected with FAC after 4 days.The human pancreatic carcinoma cell line Colo357 and the human colon carcinoma cell line CW 2 were separated into Colo+and CW2+with high HSP70 expression and Colo-and CW2-with low HSP70 expression;Migration assays of NK to the four difference cell lines were performed in a Transwell cell culture system.The cytolytic activity of TKD-activated NK cells against the four subline with HSP 70 expression on their cell surface was analyzed by MTT assay.Results:Flow cytometry analysis showed that CD 3-CD56+NK cells could expanded after 2 weeks in SCGM medium,and the largest percentage of NK cell was (92.50 ±1.25 )%.CD94 expression levels on NK cells increased obviously after TKD inducement the cell surface HSP 70 expression of Colo+, Colo-were ( 78.2 ±2.2 )% and ( 27.3 ±1.2 )% separately , the cell surface HSP70 expression of CW2+,CW2-were (91.1±2.5)%and (18.2±1.0)%separately after FACS;the Migration of NK cells toward Colo+was (68.6±2.8)%,higher than the migration toward Colo-with (22.8±1.5)%;the Migration of NK cells toward CW2+was(73.5±2.7)%,higher than the migration toward CW2-with (18.2±1.3)%;the cytolytic activity of NK against Colo +was(61.2± 3.0)%compared to (24.5 ±1.5)%against Colo-when the ratio of effector cells and target cell was 20 ∶1,the cytolytic activity of NK against CW2+was (63.8±3.2)%compared to (22.4±1.8)% against CW2-when the ratio of effector cells and target cell was 20∶1.Conclusion:TKD-activated NK cells are highly efficient cytolytic effector cells which have stronger significant migration toward HSP70-positive tumor target cells on their cell surface in vitro .
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the antitumor effect of TKD-activated NK cells on tumor growth inhibition of human pancreatic carcinoma in nude mice .Methods:CD3-CD56+NK cells were obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear ( PBMC) in stem cell growth medium SCGM , 2 μg/ml TKD was added to the medium on day 10.The activating receptor CD 94/NKG2C expression levels on NK cells was detected with FAC after 4 days.The cytolytic activity of TKD-activated NK cells against human pancreatic carcinoma subline with HSP 70 expression on their cell surface was analyzed by MTT assay .Established a new model of orthotopic-transplantation tumor of human pancreas .NK cells were injected i.v.into the tail vein of tumor-bearing mice on day 15,the antitumor activity of the NK were evaluated .The capacity to infiltrate Colo 357 tumors in SCID/beige mice was detected with Immunohis-tochemistry.Results:Flow cytometry analysis showed that CD3-CD56+NK cells could expanded in SCGM medium ,and the average percentage of NK cell was (87.50 ±1.35 )%.CD94 expression levels on NK cells increased obviously ,the mean fluorescence intensity of CD94 was(220.56±1.82),compared to (68.72±1.85)of control group cell.The cytolytic activity against HSP70 membrane-positive pancreatic carcinoma sublines Colo 357 cells was high and there was significantly statistical difference between TKD-activated NK cells and unactivated NK cells.The cytolytic activity was(68.72±2.55)%when ratio of effector cells and target cell was 40:1.TKD-activated NK cells had a stronger suppressive effect on tumor growth in BALB /c nude mice bearing Colo 357 cells in vivo ,Median inhibitory rates was ( 61.3 ±1.5 )% .There was significant statistical difference compare to control group ( P <0.01 ) .The result of Immunohistochemistry indicated that predominantly NK cells induced with TKD had the capacity to infiltrate Colo 357 tumors in SCID/beige mice.Conclusion: TKD-activated NK cells are highly efficient cytolytic effector cells which have a stronger significant suppression against pancreatic carcinoma growth in vivo .