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Objective To explore the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollutants PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, and NO2, and their effects on acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining City. Methods The data of patients with acute cerebrovascular disease treated in a 3A hospital in Jining from October 1, 2017, to November 31, 2019, were retrospectively collected. Combined with the air pollution data of 29 air quality monitoring stations in Jining City, the Kriging interpolation model was used to analyze the overall situation of air pollution in Jining. On this basis, the relationship between air pollution and acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining City was analyzed. Results In Jining City, the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease in male was higher than that in female, and the incidence in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas. The spatial distribution showed a trend of gradual accumulation from southeast to northwest. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. The results of Kriging interpolation analysis showed that the concentrations of these air pollutants formed aggregation points in varying degrees. The spatial distribution of acute cerebrovascular disease patients in Jining City was highly consistent with the spatial distribution of air pollutant concentrations. Spearman correlation analysis showed that CO, SO2, and NO2 were positively correlated with the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease, while the correlation between PM2.5 and PM10 and the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease was not significant. Conclusion Some air pollutants such as CO, SO2, and NO2 have a positive correlation with the incidence of acute cerebrovascular disease, and the prevalence has a certain population and regional distribution. In the future work of cerebrovascular disease prevention, personal protection should be done according to local conditions and living environment of specific people.
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Objective@#To study the response characteristics of the posterior intralaminar nucleus (PIN) of auditory thalamus in VGluT2-Cre transgenic adult mice when exposed to white noise and 10K pure tone stimulation.@*Methods@#All adult male Vglut2-Cre mice (8-12 weeks) were used in this study between Oct, 2017 and Oct, 2018. Using the calcium signal fiber photometry method, optic fiber was employed to locate on PIN by injecting AAV-hSyn-DIO-GCaMP6m virus, and thereafter, the activity of the target cluster neurons during different acoustic stimuli was recorded. Matlab was used for data processing and statistical analysis.@*Results@#(1)In both white noise and 10 kHz pure tone as a continuous three-second stimulation, the peak amplitude of calcium signal activity generated in PIN by white noise was superior to that of pure tone, the statistic result showed significantly difference (n=6, t=2.404, P=0.037 1) . (2)In addition, when white noise and 10K pure tone played as consecutive 3 or 5 pips within three-second stimulation, the stimulus-following ability in a consecutive 3 pulses play within 3 seconds was far better than a consecutive 5 pips play within 3 seconds (in both white noise and 10 kHz pure tone), yet consecutive 3 pips play showed greater signal attenuation speed than that in consecutive 5 pips play, the statistic result showed significantly difference (n=6, t=2.748 P=0.033 4) .(3)Regardless of the intra-group comparisons between white noise and 10 kHz pure tone stimulation, PIN showed better signal response in a consecutive 3 pips play than consecutive 5 pips play or a continuous three-second stimulation. When came to the statistical analysis, the acoustic response degree of a continuous three-second stimulation was an intermediate between two others, both consecutive 3 or 5 pips play showed significantly difference.@*Conclusions@#The results suggest that under the same acoustic intensity, VGluT2-Cre transgenic adult mice′s PIN shows greater signal response in white noise than pure tone. PIN shows greater signal attenuation to repetition play of 10 kHz pure tone, which implies PIN shows stronger adaptation to 10 kHz pure tone than to white noise. Lastly, PIN is more responsive to a complex sound information (white noise) than to simple sound information (pure tone).
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the change of synaptic onset latency and threshold in primary auditory cortex (A1) during the development of SD rat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Extracellular recording was used to locate A1, followed by transferred to loose-patch and whole-cell patch in vivo to record the spike activity, synaptic onset latency and threshold responses respectively. Rats were divided into 4 groups according to ages, postnatal 12-15 days, 16-18 days, 19-24 days and adult (> 3 months).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1. The onset latency of local field potential in A1 of adult rats[(10-20)ms] was shorter than young rats[(20-30)ms]. 2. During development, the onset latency of spikes of a single neuron in response to white noise pulses decreased. And the latency in young rats P12-15 [(40.15 ± 2.67) ms] and P16-18 [(33.86 ± 4.61) ms] were longer than in adults [(22.93 ± 2.94) ms] (ANOVA-test, t = 4.330 and 1.995, P = 0.00 and 0.04) . However, the onset latencies of P19-24 [(24.80 ± 3.63) ms] and adult had no significant difference (P > 0.05). 3.Synaptic onset latencies of both excitation and inhibition were significantly longer in P12-15[ (38.94 ± 1.90) ms, (35.26 ± 2.40) ms] and P16-18[ (32.68 ± 2.52) ms, (30.24 ± 2.18) ms] than in adults [(19.4 ± 1.06) ms, (18.91 ± 0.77) ms] excitation (t = 6.255 and 4.662, P < 0.01) inhibition (t = 8.918 and 4.820, P < 0.01) showed significant difference. Whereas the onset latencies of P19-24[ (23.67 ± 2.46) ms, (21.43 ± 1.80) ms] and adults displayed no prominent difference(P > 0.01). Meanwhile, the difference between the onset latencies of excitation and inhibition became narrower during development[ (3.15 ± 1.02) ms, (2.01 ± 0.73) ms, (1.79 ± 0.85) ms, (0.39 ± 0.48) ms]. P12-15 had notably difference in comparison to adults (t = 1.739, P < 0.01). 4. The thresholds of synaptic response were notably higher in P12-15 (40.0 ± 1.6) dB and P16-18 (41.3 ± 11.6) dB when compared with adults (30.9 ± 0.6) dB (t = 5.284 and 5.867, P < 0.01) . While that of P19-24 (35.0 ± 32.7) dB showed no distinct difference (P > 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Single neuron spiking activity, synaptic onset latency and threshold evoked by sound stimulus gradually mature during the development in rat A1.</p>
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Animals , Rats , Acoustic Stimulation , Auditory Cortex , Physiology , Neurons , Physiology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
@#Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation on the motor function and activity of daily living in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods 110 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into rehabilitation group and control group. The patients in control group were treated with medicine, while the patients in rehabilitation group were treated with comprehensive therapy, including medicine, physical therapy and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. They were assessed with the simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), modified Barthel index (MBI), and the clinical defect of neurol function before and 4 weeks after treatment. Results The scores of FMA and MBI improved significantly in both groups after treatment, and improved more in rehabilitation group than in control group (P<0.05). The effective rate was 75% in the rehabilitation group, and 56% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive rehabilitation can promote the recovery of motor function and activity of daily living in patients with acute cerebral infarction.
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Objective To investigate the relation between Fas-mediated apoptosis and glucocorticoid treatment in myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods In 17 patients with MG, 6 patients received glucocorticoid treatment (glucocorticoid treatment group),and 11 patients were treated without glucocorticoid (nonglucocorticoid treatment group). Meanwhile, 13 healthy cases were selected as healthy control group. CD4,CD8 and Fas expressions in peripheral blood T lymphocyte were detected by flow cytometry in three groups and analyzed. Results The percentage of CD4-CD8+ cells in peripheral blood T lymphocyte in glucocorticoid treatment group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group[(36.75 ± 11.56)% vs. (26.31 ±9.00)%, P = 0.027], while the percentage of CD4-CD8- cells was significantly lower [(30.56 ± 9.72)% vs.(42.96 ± 11.54)%, P =0.018]. The percentage of CD4-CD8+ cells in peripheral blood T lymphocyte in glucocorticoid treatment group was significantly higher than that in non-glucocorticoid treatment group [(36.75 ± 11.56)% vs. (25.24 ±7.63)% ,P =0.019]. The percentages of Fas+ and CD8 +Fas+ cells in peripheral blood T lymphocyte in glucocorticoid treatment group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group[(46.10 ± 7.13)% vs. (31.22 ± 13.00)%, P=0.006; (62.86 ± 12.29)% vs. (45.59 ±11.50)%, P = 0.003]. The percentage of CD8+ Fas+ cells in peripheral blood T lymphocyte in glucocorticoid treatment group was significantly higher than that in non-glucocorticoid treatment group [(62.86 ± 12.29)%vs (50.84 ± 8.31 )%, P = 0.034]. Conclusions Glucocorticoid treatment may have influence on peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in patients with MG. Fas-mediated apoptosis may be involved in the mechanism of glucocorticoid treatment in MG.
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Objective To study the expression of eytokines in acute hemorrhage patients with systenlic in-flammatory response syndrome(SIRS)and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods Platelet acti-vation markers CD62p and cytokines in acute hemorrhage patients with SIRS and MODS were detected by using flow cytometry,and compared with that of control group.Results The expression of CD62p and cytokines(TNF-α and IL-6)in acute hemorrhage patients,with or without SIRS and MODS wag significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01),and higher in MODS group than in SIRS group,and in MODS death group than in MODS survival group(P<0.01).Conclusion The activation of platelet and the over-expression of cytokines participate in the on-set and development of acute hemorrhage,SIRS and MODS,and were related with the severity of disease and progno-sis.
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Objective\ To introduce the speciality of pontine infaction in clinic and screenage.Method\ we made retrospective study on clinical data and image data of pontine infarction caused by BAD,and compared with the data of 31 patients with lacunar infarction in pontine.Result\ Clinical spetiality of BAD group:There are a few disturbance of consciousness,mainly the movement disturbance and dysarthria with ocular movement disturbance.Compared with the control group,there is difference between the two groups(P