Mechanism of lung injury of rats induced by inhalation of white smoke from burning smoke pot / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective@#To explore mechanism of lung injury of rats induced by inhalation of white smoke from burning smoke pot.@*Methods@#Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control group (n=12) and injury group (n=36) according to the random number table. Rats in injury group were placed in smoke-induced injury experimental equipment fulled with white smoke from burning smoke pot for 5 minutes to make lung injury, and rats in control group were placed in smoke-induced injury experimental equipment fulled with air for 5 minutes to make sham injury. Six rats in injury group at post injury hour (PIH) 6, 24, and 72 and six rats in control group at PIH 72 were collected to observe pathological changes of lung tissue and pathological score of rats in the two groups by hematoxylin-eosin staining, to detect expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 mRNA in lung tissue of rats by reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction, and to detect content of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in lung tissue of rats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and t test.@*Results@#At PIH 72, lung tissue structure of rats in control group was clear and complete, with no inflammatory cell infiltration. At PIH 6, there was edema, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue of rats in injury group. At PIH 24, edema, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue of rats in injury group aggravated. At PIH 72, area of edema in lung tissue of rats in injury group was enlarged, with obvious hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration. At PIH 6, 24, and 72, pathological score of lung tissue of rats in injury group was (3.43±0.86), (5.39±0.93), and (9.99±0.84) points, respectively, obviously higher than that of rats in control group at PIH 72 [(2.11±0.20) points, t=3.659, 8.450, 22.355, P<0.05]. As time post injury prolonged, pathological scores of lung tissue of rats in injury group were significantly increased (F=121.244, P<0.01). At PIH 6, 24, and 72, expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of rats in injury group was 15.5±4.3, 25.9±1.8, 30.9±3.5 respectively, significantly higher than that of rats in control group at PIH 72 (7.8±0.8, t=4.315, 20.445, 14.408, P<0.01). As time post injury prolonged, expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of rats in injury group gradually increased (F=32.691, P<0.01). At PIH 6, 24, and 72, content of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lung tissue of rats in injury group was significantly higher than that of rats in control group at PIH 72, respectively (t=7.650, 8.968, 6.827, 6.726, 8.978, 3.460, 5.420, 13.289, 16.438, P<0.01). At PIH 24, content of TNF-α and IL-1β in lung tissue of rats in injury group was higher than that of rats in the same group at PIH 6 and 72, respectively (t=3.409, -2.549, 4.047, -4.100, P<0.05). At PIH 24 and 72, content of IL-6 in lung tissue of rats in injury group was respectively higher than that of rats in the same group at PIH 6 (t=8.273, 9.711, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#After inhaling white smoke from burning smoke pot, rats are inflicted with lung injury by increasing expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA and content of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and induce pathological changes of edema, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration of lung tissue.

Study on Purification of Swertiaman from Swertia pesudochinensis Hara. with Macroporous Adsorbent Resin / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To explore the suitable type of macroporous adsorbent resin to purity swertiaman from Swertia pesudochinensis Hara., and determine the parameters and conditions for its purification procedures. Method Purification effect of 8 types of macroporous resins used to purify the Swertia pesudochinensis Hara. were inspected, with the content of swertiaman as index. Result HPD-100 type resin showed better effect than others, it had optimum adsorption and elution parameters with its dynamic saturated adsorption ratio was 70.48 mg/g. After eluted with 2 BV of distilled water, 4 BV 30% ethanol and collected, the content of swertiaman in the spray dried powder was 52.29%. Conclusion HPD-100 types macroporous resin showed a better comprehensive adsorption property and can be used to enrich and purify the swertiaman included active fraction of iridoid glycosides for industrialization.

Preparation and In Vitro Permeability Study of Dihydroartemisinin Ointment / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To optimize the formulation of Dihydroartemisinin ointment and study its characteristics of penetration enhancers.Method A method of transdermal experiment in vitro was established for DHA.The penetration rate in vitro was examined by HPLC,and coincided the DHA cumulative permeation curve with the Higuchi equation.Result The penetration rate of DHA from DHA ointment made up of water-soluble carbopol and Azone was the highest in all formulations,up to 27.262 ?g/(h?cm2).The cumulative permeation curve which coincided with the Higuchi equation was better.Conclusion The formulation which made up of water-soluble carbopol and Azone was optimized.

Study on abnormal expression of the p73 gene in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between p73 gene and the development and progression of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The levels of p73 transcripts in 61 ALL cell lines and 53 childhood ALL patients were assayed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and their relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Besides, the methylation status of p73 exon 1 was analysed by restriction-enzyme related PCR, methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite genomic sequencing in the 61 ALL cell lines.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 61 ALL cell lines, 42 showed expression of p73 mRNA, with a negative rate of 31.1%, and of the 53 primary childhood ALL samples, 39 showed expression of p73 mRNA, with a negative rate of 26.4%. Loss of p73 expression was significantly associated with the reduced disease free survival and overall survival of the patients. 39.3% (24/61) of the ALL cell lines showed hypermethylation of p73 exon 1, while normal lymphocytes and most cell lines expressed p73 mRNA were not hypermethylated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was a higher negative expression rate of p73 mRNA in childhood ALL. The main mechanism of the loss expression would be the hypermethylation of p73 gene. p73 gene inactivation might play an important role in the pathogenesis of ALL. Examination of p73 mRNA might have clinical significance in predicting prognosis of childhood ALL.</p>

A comparison of efficacy of continuous epidural infusion of 0.2% levobupivacaine and 0.2% ropivacaine for postoperative pain relief / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the analgesic efficacy and safety of continuous epidural infusion of 0.2% levobupivacaine in patients after lower abdominal surgery.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients undergoing lower abdominal gynecologic operation under epidural anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups : group L levobupivacaine (n = 30) and group R ropivacaine ( n = 30) . An epidural catheter was placed at L2-3 . After operation the catheter was connected through a 3-way Stopcock to a Graseby 9 500 infusion pump for continuous infusion of 0.2% levobupivacaine or 0.2% ropivacaine at a rate of 4 ml?h-1 and a Graseby 3300 infusion pump for PCEA with 0.01% morphine (bolus dose = 2ml, lockout interval = 10 min, total dose limit = 16 ml?4 h-1) (1) VAS score (0 = no pain, 100 = severe pain). (2) the ratio of the number of attempts calculated (D1) to the number of successfully delivered doses (D2) (D1/D2), (3) modified Bromage Motor scale score, (4) Bruggmann comfort scale (BCS), (5) Ramsay sedation score and (6) the severity of side effects were recorded 0, 2,4, 8, 12, 20 and 24h after operation.Results The demographic data (age, body weight, height) and duration of operation were comparable between the two groups. The analgesia was satisfactory in both groups. VAS scores were significantly lower in levobupivacaine group than that in ropivacaine group at 8 and 24 h after operation ( P