Caesarean Myomectomy is No Longer a Dreaded Job: a Case Control Study in Multiple Specialized Centre.

Removal of uterine myoma during caesarean section (CS) is not commonly done due to fear of severe haemorrhage which may lead to hysterectomy. Contradicting the previous belief many studies have been showing that myomectomy during caesarean section is a safe procedure without significant increase of risk. The objective of this study is to analyze the safety and clinical outcome of caesarean myomectomy. This is a prospective study carried out in different hospitals of Faridpur district, Bangladesh from 01.01.10 up to 31.12.12. Total 16 (study group) patients had undergone caesarean myomectomy. Operation time, peroperative blood loss, post operative complications and length of hospital staying was compared with that of 32 women (control group) with caesarean section alone. The result shows that peroperative blood loss was average 350±100 ml in study group which is 50 ml more than control group. Operation time was 20 minutes more and length of hospital staying was 1 day more than control group. There was no post partum haemorrhage, no hysterectomy was done at the time of CS and there was no maternal or perinatal mortality. So, caesarean myomectomy is safe and convenient to patient and cost effective without increasing any extra risk.

Prescription writing skills of pre-clinical medical and dental undergraduate students.

Objective of this prospective study was to assess the acquisition of prescribing skill of preclinical medical and dental undergraduate students. Prescription writing skills of 258 students of both first and second year of MBBS and BDS students were analyzed through an objective structured practical examination. MBBS student of second year scored 85.01% and 92.82% respectively in physician and drug related component whereas first year MBBS students scored 89.9% and 83.4%. BDS student of first year scored 91.96% and 86.33% in physician and drug related components which is better than second year that scored 83.33% and 77.94% respectively. This study revealed that the students of both courses acquire prescribing skills to a limited extent during preclinical phase. Prescribing errors were found both in physician and drug related components. To minimize the different form of prescribing errors vigorous training in the internship period will help to minimize prescribing errors and improve rational prescribing too.

Relationship between plasma leptin and plasma insulin levels in type-2 diabetic patients before and after treatment with glibenclamide and glimepiride.

Type 2 diabetes affects 100 million people throughout the world. Among the various factors implicated in the causation of this disease, the role of leptin, an obesity gene product, is increasingly being investigated. This especially assumes importance in the light of knowledge that obesity confers a minimum of 3-10 fold higher risk of diabetes. This study was planned to investigate the relationship between leptin and insulin levels in type 2 diabetic patients before and after treatment with glibenclamide or glimepiride. 60 type 2 diabetic patients were recruited for the study and were divided into 2 groups-one receiving glimepiride and the other group receiving glibenclamide for duration of 10 weeks. This study demonstrated a highly positive correlation of plasma leptin levels with BMI, plasma insulin and insulin resistance. No gender specific differences were observed in leptin concentrations. The study, however, failed to demonstrate any possible relationship between glycemic control as assessed by blood sugars/ glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) and plasma leptin. The administration of glibenclamide or glimepiride significantly lowered blood glucose levels coupled with a decrease in (HbAlc). Both the drugs increased insulin concentrations. Glibenclamide increased leptin levels but they remained unaltered with glimepiride. Glibenclamide and glimepiride were found to be equally effective in their glucose lowering action. However, the patients receiving glibenclamide experienced higher episode of hypoglycaemic spells than those receiving glimepiride.

Role of bougainvilleas in mitigation of environmental pollution.

Environmental pollution adversely affects health of the people. Industrialization, urbanization, over exploitation of natural resources and increasing number of automobiles have aggravated the pollution manifold though there are various ways to mitigate the environmental pollution. Bio-remediation by using selected plant species is an effective method to control pollution which is universally accepted. Bougainvillea is a pollution tolerant plant and can help in the mitigation of air pollution besides its ornamental value in the landscaping. From the rich germplasm collection in NBRI Botanical Garden, tolerant plants have been experimented for road side plantation in view of mitigating the environmental pollution.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Injury to the human body alters normal physiology across several systems and these alterations are proportional to the extent of the injury. Physiological response to minimally invasive surgery appears to be different than those of traditional open surgery. Acute phase protein response appears to be one example. The important cytokines that are known as major mediators of acute phase response are interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha. Thirty patients were studied in which 14 underwent open cholecystectomy and 16 laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Three blood samples were taken from each patient, one pre-operatively and 2 post operatively at 4 and 24 hours. Interleukin-6 and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were raised significantly in post operative blood sample in both groups but the rise was much more in open group than laparoscopic group. This suggest less stress response in laparoscopic group which also showed a direct effect on patient convalescence in terms of less pain, less analgesic requirement and shorter hospital stay

Metabolic and stress responses of the body to trauma: produced by the laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is regarded as gold standard therapy for symptomatic gall stone disease. This study was done to compare the metabolic and stress responses between open and lapraroscopic cholecystectomy and to evaluate their significance in postoperative recovery. Thirty patients with symptomatic gall stone disease were treated with open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy on elective basis (14 versus 16). Three samples of blood were collected from each patient to investigate serum cortisol, adrenaline, nor-adrenaline, C-reactive protein and blood glucose level. The mean age of patients was 41.86+/-10.13 blood glucose and stress hormones (cortisol, adrenaline, nor adrenaline) and C-reactive protein all were found significantly raised in the postoperative period in open cholecystectomy than laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. The postoperative recovery was also prolonged in the open group. The obvious clinical advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy over open cholecystectomy is mainly because of less metabolic and stress response.

Neurophysiological alterations following fluvalinate administration in mice.

Median lethal dose (LD50) of fluvalinate (Marvik 25EC) was 105 (94.6-116.5 mg/kg, ip) in albino mice. Gross observable signs were dose dependent and indicative of central and peripheral nervous system stimulation. Fluvalinate, at 10.5 and 21.0 mg/kg, ip doses in mice, facilitated maximal electroshock seizures, reduced reaction time in analgesic test and enhanced duration of ether anaesthesia. Acute and subacute (7 days) treatment at lower and higher doses enhanced pentobarbitone sleeping time. Acute and subacute treatment (7 days) with phenobarbitone (50 mg/kg, ip) prior to fluvalinate enhanced toxicity of fluvalinate.