ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF] is widely expressed in the brain, but it is reduced significantly in the brain of the patients with Alzheimer's disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of low intensity aerobic training and Omega-3 consumption on hippocampal BDNF levels in male rat with homocysteine induced Alzheimer's disease
Material and Methods: 60 Wistar male rats [12 weeks old and mean weight of 222.31 +/- 11.91 g] were divided into six groups, including: Alzheimer's rat with training, Alzheimer's rat with training+Omega-3 intake, Alzheimer's rat + supplement of Omega 3, healthy control rat, Alzheimer's control rat and sham. Alzheimer's disease was induced by injection of homocysteine [0.6M] into the rat brain ventricle. Training with a speed of 20 meters per minute [intensity of 50-55% VO2max] was done for 5 days a week on the treadmill. Each session lasted 60 minutes. The supplement groups received, 800 mg per kg of Omega-3/day for 8 weeks. We used one-way analysis of variance for data analysis. P <0.05 considered significan
Results: The results of this study showed that, 8 weeks of aerobic training and intake of omega-3, had no significant effect on the BDNF level in the hippocampus of Alzheimer induced rats [P=0.06]
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that aerobic training and use of omega-3 in the short-term cannot increase BDNF levels in the hippocampus of Alzheimer induced rats. But it is possible that aerobic training with higher intensity along with use of higher amounts of Omega-3 for longer periods may affect the BDNF level in the hippocampus
ABSTRACT
Backgrounds and Objectives: Omentin is a member of adipokines secreted from visceral adipose tissue which increaseS insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance and resistance training on plasma omentin-1 levels in male rats
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, twenty-four Wistar male rats with average weight of 220 +/- 20 gr were acclimatized with lab condition and then randomly divided into three groups of Control [C], Resistance training [RT] and Endurance training [ET]. Endurance training group underwent an endurance training program for eight weeks [five bouts per week of treadmill running each 60min with 20 m/min]. Resistance training group was subjected to a three-day per week resistance training program consisting of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were taken to assess plasma omentin-1, insulin and glucose levels. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and statistical significance was set at P0>.05
Results: The results showed that endurance training significantly increased plasma omentin-1 levels and decreased plasma insulin and glucose levels while plasma omentin-1 and insulin levels did not change significantly in the resistance group
Conclusion: Endurance training was more effective on omentin-1 levels than resistance training. Either training programs inhibited weight gain observed in the control group. It might be hypothesized omentin-1 contributes to metabolic effects of exercise training
ABSTRACT
Objective: Interleukin 6 [IL6] is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in obesity and related metabolic disorders. Also, exercise training has been offered in obesity prevention and immune system improvement. Hence, this study intends to survey the effects of high fat diet and high intensity aerobic training on plasma levels of IL6 in rats
Methods: We divided 28 male Wistar rats into two control groups with normal [CN] or high fat [CH] diet and two training groups with normal [EN] or high fat [EH] diet. The training groups ran for 60 minutes on a treadmill at 35 m/min for 5 days/week [75% VO2 max]. After 8 weeks, we collected blood samples for plasma IL6 assessment. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis [P
Results: The high fat diet significantly increased the rats' weights and plasma IL6 levels. Performance of 8 weeks of high intensity aerobic training increased IL6 levels in the normal diet group and decreased IL6 levels in the high fat diet group. This change was not significant in the normal diet group
Conclusion: High fat diets probably induced inflammation due to elevated IL6 levels. High intensity aerobic training for 8 weeks significantly decreased IL6 levels
ABSTRACT
Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid peptide hormone that is secreted primarily by stomach cells with lesser amounts secreted by other cells [including the hypothalamus]. The aim of present study was to examine the effects of 8 weeks aerobic training with different durations on resting plasma Ghrelin levels in male rats. Fifty adult Wistar male rats [6-8 weeks old, 270 +/- 10 g] were selected and randomly divided into five groups: 30, 60 and 90 min training, sham and control groups. All experimental groups performed an 8-week treadmill running program at the same velocity at 0 gradients for 30, 60 or 90 min/day, 5 days/week. The concentration of ghrelin in blood samples was assessed after 8 weeks and 72 hours following the final training session. The ghrelin concentration was measured by ELISA. Possible statistically significant differences between groups after the exercise training intervention was determined by one way ANOVA, and LSD test was used for a post hoc analysis. Resting levels of ghrelin concentration were unchanged after training. Similarly, there was no observed change in the insulin and glucose concentrations compared with the control group. However there was a significant difference in estrogen when compared with the control group. The data suggest that body weight reduction is amplified by exercise-induced and increases in plasma estradiol and a moderate duration exercise program