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1.
Rev. chil. salud pública ; 13(2): 90-99, 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-547798

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar algunos factores sociodemográficos, de salud física y mental, apoyo social y de utilización de servicios de salud asociados con el auto-reporte de maltrato en una muestra de hombres y mujeres adultos mayores viviendo en colonias urbano-marginales de cuatro municipios de México. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal entre junio del 2004 y agosto del 2005 con una muestra propositiva de 799 adultos mayores que residían en colonias urbanas, identificadas como de "muy alta" y "alta marginación" en los municipios de Cuernavaca, Chilpancingo, Guadalajara y Culiacán. Un cuestionario dirigido a los adultos mayores fue utilizado para explorar tanto la variable dependiente (auto-reporte de maltrato) como las variables asociadas: características sociodemográficas, estado de salud física y mental, apoyo social y familiar y utilización de servicios de salud. Para el análisis estadístico se emplearon pruebas no paramétricas así como un modelo multivariado de regresión logística. Resultados: En esta muestra de ancianos, el 23 por ciento de las mujeres y el 9 por ciento de los hombres reportaron haber sido maltratados como consecuencia de problemas familiares. Los resultados sugieren que los factores que se relacionan con el maltrato en los adultos mayores incluidos en este estudio son: sexo femenino (RM=3.73;IC=1.76-4.24), edad de 60 a 69 años (RM=1.61;IC=1.06-2.42), ser divorciado o separado (RM=2.28;IC=1.32-3.96), padecer un mayor número de enfermedades (RM=1.07;IC=1.01-1.17), presentar lesiones evidentes a la observación (RM= 2.89;IC=1.01-3.58), presentar sintomatología depresiva (RM=1.68;IC=1.04-2.72), y no contar con apoyo familiar adecuado RM=2.91;IC=1.86-4.55). Conclusión: Los sistemas de salud enfrentan un reto importante en el maltrato del adulto mayor debido, por un lado, al rápido aumento de este grupo poblacional y, por otro, a las carencias de recursos materiales y de recursos humanos especializados.


Objective: Identify some sociodemographic factors, in physical and mental health, social support and utilization of health services, associated with the self-reporting of abuse in a sample of male and female senior citizens living in urban, marginalized settlements in four municipalities of Mexico. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out between June of 2004 and August of 2005, with a purposive sample of 799 seniors who live in urban settlements identified as having "very high" or "high marginalization," in the municipalities of Cuernavaca, Chilpancingo, Guadalajara and Culiacán. A survey directed at seniors was used to explore the dependent variable (self-reporting of abuse) as well as the associated variables: sociodemographic characteristics, state of physical and mental health, social and family support and utilization of health services. For the statistical analysis non-parametric tests were used as well as a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: In this sample of seniors, 23 percent of the women and 9 percent of the men reported having been abused as a consequence of family problems. The factors included in this study that are related to abuse of seniors are: female gender (OR=3.73;CI=1.76-4.24), age of 60 to 69 (OR=1.61;CI=1.06-2.42), being divorced or separated (OR=2.28;CI=1.32-3.96), suffering from a higher number of diseases (OR=1.07;CI=1.01-1.17), presenting evident, observable injuries, (OR=2.89;CI=1.01-3.58), presenting depressive symptoms (OR=1.68;CI=1.04-2.72), and not having adequate family support (OR=2.91;CI=1.86-4.55). Conclusion: Health systems face an important challenge in abuse of seniors which is due, on one hand, to the rapid increase of this population, and on the other, a lack of material and specialized human resources.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Elder Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Risk Groups , Cross-Sectional Studies , Domestic Violence , Logistic Models , Multivariate Analysis , Mexico/epidemiology , Social Support , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban Area
2.
Salud pública Méx ; 50(6): 463-471, nov.-dic. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-497454

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores sociodemográficos, de salud y apoyo social relacionados con las lesiones accidentales en adultos mayores residentes de colonias urbanas marginales de las ciudades de Cuernavaca, Chilpancingo, Guadalajara y Culiacán. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: En 2004-2005 se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal; mediante muestra no probabilística, se entrevistó a 799 adultos mayores; se emplearon pruebas no paramétricas y un modelo multivariado de regresión logística. RESULTADOS: Del total de entrevistas, 37 por ciento notificaron lesiones y la causa principal fueron las caídas (54 por ciento). El hogar fue el sitio con mayor número de accidentes (52 por ciento). Los factores de riesgo asociados fueron edad avanzada, trabajar, mayor número de enfermedades, mayor consumo de medicamentos, remedios y bebidas alcohólicas, percepción de "mala salud", apoyo familiar inadecuado y ser cuidador de otros. CONCLUSIONES: La multicausalidad obliga, por una parte, a que toda la sociedad participe y, por la otra, a la intervención del área de la salud para prevenir y atender el problema.


OBJECTIVE: To identify factors (sociodemographic, health, and social support) associated with the presence of accidental injuries in older adults living in deprived urban neighborhoods in four Mexican municipalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional survey carried out in 2004-2005, with a non-probabilistic, intentional sample of 799 male and female elderly living in deprived urban areas in four Mexican municipalities. For the statistical analysis, non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression models were used. RESULTS: More than a third (37 percent) of the sample reported injuries; with falls being the main cause. Home was the venue where most accidents took place (52 percent). Risk factors for accidental injuries were: advanced age, working, greater number of illnesses, consumption of more medicines and remedies, self-perception of "poor" health , consumption of alcoholic beverages, inadequate family support and being a caretaker of others. CONCLUSIONS: The multi-causality of accidental injuries in older adults demands the participation of all sectors of society, and particularly public health interventions.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Accidents/statistics & numerical data , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology , Accident Prevention , Accidents, Home/prevention & control , Accidents, Home/statistics & numerical data , Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Alcohol Drinking , Caregivers/statistics & numerical data , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Therapy , Family Characteristics , Health Services Needs and Demand , Risk Factors , Self Concept , Wounds and Injuries/prevention & control
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