ABSTRACT
Ribavirin is a kind of synthetic nuclear nucleoside antiviral drugs. It can inhibit the growth of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, hepatitis a virus, adenovirus and other virus, but its mechanism is not fully clear. To understand the current situation of drug information and clinical application of ribavirin, we accessed to literature in the literature database of Wanfang med online, CNKI, yz365, CFDA, FDA, DailyMed and Chinese Marketed Drugs Database. Based on the present situation of pediatrics clinical application of our hospital and the drug information of ribavirin and clinical application in children at home and abroad, we evaluated the safety of ribavirin to promote its reasonable application and make suggestions to the standardization management of ribavirin.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and study the 2012 edition of National Essential Medicine List chemical medicines and biological products off-label drug use in pediatrics, analyze the causes of off-label use of medications, provide the suggestion for off-label drug use in pediatrics. METHODS: To adopt questionnaire survey in different regions of the 10 third-grade class-A children's hospital off-label use of medications in 2012 edition of National Essential Medicine List chemical medicines and biological products of 309 types which excluded obstetrics and gynecology medication, family planning administration and national immunization programs with vaccine from 317 types. Excel 2007 software is used for data calculation and statistical analysis. RESULTS: CD20 categories, 22 dosage forms, which accounted for 80% of all drug categories are involved in off-label use of medications in 2012 edition of National Essential Medicine List. (2) Lack of children's dosage (62.95%) is mainly responsible for off-label of drugs. Off-label use of medications mainly manifest in off-labeling with pediatric indications (85.94%), of which labeling with pharmacological action without indication (45.63%) is the main type, and off-labeling with route of medication (66.96%). (3) 2013 edition of Chinese National Formulary (Chemical and Biological Products for Children) and 2010 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia of Clinical Medication Information are the main evidence for off-label drug use, account for 34.60% of the total number of cases. (4) 147 types of medicines which involved in off-label use are searched in a database named Micromedex. Indications have been approved by the the US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA) or not which labeling with children's dosage account for 27.10% of the total number of indications. CONCLUSION: Off-label drug use in the 2012 edition of National Essential Medicine List is an important public health issue for children. It reflects the lack of labeling with pediatric information. It is suggested that joint efforts should be paid by departments concerned and more support be provided to further improve the policy for children's medication.
ABSTRACT
After cataract,called posterior capsule opacification (PCO),is resulted from residual cortex or the proliferation of lens epithelial cells following extracapsular cataract extraction,and it is thought to be themost common complication and the main reason of eyesight decline after modern extracapsular cataract surgery.Lens epithelial cells remaining in the capsular bag after surgery play an important role in PCO.How to prevent and treat PCO is the focus of attention of eye scholars,and the major treating methods are administration of drug,laser and surgery.Recent years,scholars in home and abroad are interested in biological targeted therapy to prevent PCO,such as the topical application of antiproliferation of LECs,preparation of vector transfected immunotoxin and gene theropy etc.The research progress in recent years in the biological therapy of PCO were reviewed.