ABSTRACT
A rapid liquid chromatography_tandem mass spectrometric ( LC_MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of aflatoxin B1(AFB1), Deoxynivalenol (DON), Zearalenone (ZEA) in artificial porcine gastrointestinal digested juices, as pigs reacted most sensitively to these mycotoxins. The formula feed was digested by artificial gastric and intestinal juices respectively, then the mycotoxins and adsorbent were added in ratio. After incubation and centrifugation, the supernatant was diluted 10_folds by injection solution and analyzed by LC_MS/MS. The 3 analytes were separated on a reversed phase C18 column using a gradient elution program of aqueous solution containing 0 . 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate and 0 . 1% formic acid methanol. Qualitative analysis was performed using multiple_reaction monitoring ( MRM ) , and quantitative analysis was by internal standard method. Under optimum conditions, the limit of quantitation ( LOQ ) of AFB1 , DON, ZEA was 1, 50, 40 and 0. 3, 50, 20 μg/L in artificial gastric and intestinal digested juices respectively, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below 5. 0%. Then, the thermal stability was studied by incubating the analytes at 39 ℃±0. 5 ℃ for 1, 2, 5 and 10 h, and the results showed 3 analytes were stable under the conditions. Furthermore, the method was applied to evaluate the binding efficacy of 8 mineral benders and 5 organic adsorbents. The adsorbents demonstrated binding efficacy of 85. 1%-96. 5%, 8 . 1%-14 . 7%, 13 . 7%-30 . 0% and 7 . 4%-16 . 6%, 6 . 7%-16 . 2%, 18 . 6%-39 . 0% in gastric digested juice, and 76. 2%-93. 0%, 12. 3%-31. 3%, 0%-23. 2% and 8. 6%-13. 4%, 3. 8%-23. 5%, 24. 9%-34. 8% in intestinal digested juice for these 3 mycotoxins, respectively, with 2 kinds of adsorbents.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the diagnosis and minimally invasive surgical treatment on severe acromioclavicular dislocation combined with coracoid process fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using 2 incisions of shoulder to expose and fix coracoid process and acromioclaricular joint and to repair damaged acromioclavicular ligament in 7 cases from March 1998 to March 2009. There was 2 males and 5 females in the patients. The age was from 23 to 57 years with an average of 44 yeas. The time from injury to operation was 3-7 d with an average of 4 days. According to Eyres typing, 2 cases were type 11 B, 5 cases were type III B.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven patients were followed up from 6 months to 2 years with an average of 1 year. According to Karlsson criteria, 7 cases got grade A.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Using 2 incisions of shoulder to expose and fix acromioclaricular joint and coracoid process with strong pertinence, reliable fixation and small tissue injury, which is a minimally invasive and effective method for severe acromioclavicular dislocation combined with coracoid process fracture.</p>