HIV-infected female sex workers' high risk behavior and attitude changes in Kaiyuan City, Yunnan Province, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the attitude and sexual behavior status and change among HIV positive female workers in entertainment sites in Kaiyuan city, Yunnan province, China. The key information should be applied in the integrated intervention program in future.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cohort survey among HIV positive female workers was conducted during 12 months, between 2010 and 2012. All the risk sexual behavior and attitude were collected for assessment for the potential secondary transmission to sexual partners.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 99 HIV positive women who sell sex in Kaiyuan city, 99 participated in the survey at baseline, 80, 80, 75, and 75 at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-ups. The percentage of participants who reported consistently used condoms in the last one month ranged between 94.5% and 95.5%. The client volume in the last one month, income per sex and age group were significant related with non-insistent condom use with their clients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was suggested that integrated intervention program package should include 100 percent condom use promotion for the HIV positive FSW with all sexual partners, and also, include socially support involved.</p>

Epidemiologic study on STD/HIV infections among tin mining workers in Gejiu, Yunnan province / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) related knowledge, the prevalence and risk factors for HIV/STDs among tin miners in Gejiu, Yunnan Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional study was conducted in tin miners working at 5 mining regions from March to June 2006 in Gejiu City, Yunnan Province. A total of 1796 miners were enrolled in the study, and a standardized questionnaire was administered probing socio-demographic factors, knowledge of HIV/STDs and sexual behavior. 7 ml-volume venous blood and 15 ml urine specimens were collected for HIV/STDs testing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twelve participants [0.7%] (12/1760) were identified HIV positive. While, the positive proportions for syphilis, herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2), Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachoma were 1.8% (31/1760), 9.6% (169/1760), 0.8% (14/1773), 4.8% (85/1773), respectively. The total prevalence of STDs was 14.9% (264/1776). Factors associated with HIV infection were illegal drug use (adjusted OR = 17.8; 95% CI: 4.0 - 78.8), frequencies of visiting female sex workers in the past twelve months (adjusted OR = 8.7; 95% CI: 1.9 - 39.0), tattoos (adjusted OR = 6.6; 95% CI: 1.8 - 24.0), surgical operation experiences (adjusted OR = 6.0; 95% CI: 1.6 - 22.5) and toothbrush sharing (adjusted OR = 5.6; 95% CI: 1.0 - 31.3). Factors associated with STDs infection were race (adjusted OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5 - 2.7), age (adjusted OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0 - 2.9), illegal drug use (adjusted OR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.0 - 5.2), living with spouses (adjusted OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1 - 1.9) and visiting female sex workers (adjusted OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.4 - 2.6). Only 4.1% (49/1201) of respondents aware the correct transmission routes of HIV. 21.6% (339/1569) of the miners who had previous sexual experience self-reported visiting female sex workers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HIV and other STDs are highly prevalent amongst miners in this region. In addition, the awareness of HIV/STDs is low and multiple routes of HIV transmission, such as heterosexual intercourse and IDU, were also observed in these study subject. HIV/STDs interventions should therefore be reinforced among the miners in this region.</p>

Study on the association between vaginal douching and sexually transmitted diseases among female sex workers in a county of Yunnan province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the epidemic characteristics of vaginal douching, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases(STD) among female sex workers (FSWs) in Yunnan province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FSWs were recruited to be investigated on their demographic data, drug abuse and sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS knowledge and procreation health status. Venous blood were collected to test for HIV, herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) and syphilis while urine specimen was for morphine, cervical secretion for Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis, and vaginal secretion for Trichomonas.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total number of 833 blood specimen were collected, in which 84 specimen were confirmed to be HIV positive with a prevalence rate of 10.1%. The prevalence rates of syphilis and HSV-2 were 8.2% and 68.4% respectively. 832 vaginal and cervical secretion specimen were collected with the prevalence rates of Gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas were 11.5%, 28.2% and 11.9% respectively. In multivariate logistic analysis, the factors associated with vaginal douching were: being Han nationality, locations of sex work at middle/high level, ever heard of HIV/AIDS, emerged hypogastric pain last year, the number of sex work location > or =4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Vaginal douching was shown a risk factor for HIV and some STD.</p>