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It is one of key scientific problems to identify the effective compounds in the study on new TCM. Because of the integrity of the effects of TCM, the diversity of constituents, the complexity of the targets and the unpredictability of the interaction among the components, the efficiency of the traditional efficacy substance research method is generally not high. Based on the research thought of quantitative composition-activity relationship, there are inevitable quantitative correlation between chemical compositions and its biological activity. The quantitative composition-activity relationship research is an effective method to detect the effective compounds. This article reviewed the common methods and technologies used in the quantitative composition-activity relationship research, with a purpose to provide some references for the study on basic effective components in TCM.
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Objective To study the determination method of total flavonoids in Gansu Astragali Radix and Hedysarum Polybotrys. Methods Calycosin glycosides etc. was selected as reference substances, comparison on the difference of absorption curves was done by ultraviolet spectroscopy and colorimetric method (NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH, AlCl3, Mg(Ac)2, NaOH, phosphomolybdic acid, HCl-Mg power). Results With colorimetric method, the maximum absorption wavelength of referrence and the test was inconsistent. The absorption peak shape was also different. With UV method, Calycosin glycosides in band Ⅱ (260 nm) showed a shoulder absorption. Astragali Radix and Hedysarum Polybotrys also showed characteristic shoulder absorptions in band Ⅱ with absorption wavelength at 263 nm and 265 nm. So the sample absorption wavelength is basically the same as that of the control sample. Conclusion Colorimetries usually used for determination of total flavonoids are not suitable for the comparison determination of Gansu Astragali Radix and Hedysarum Polybotrys. It is suitable for determining the contents of total flavonoids in samples by UV spectrophotometry at the band Ⅱ, which is the characteristic absorption band of isoflavone compound.
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“Multi-component Chinese medicine” (MCC Medicine) is a new TCM concept in recent ten years. It is a new formed TCM product accepted and approved by the new mode (component compatibility of medicines) for TCM research and development, which originated from TCM research and development and TCM pharmaceutics. MCC Medicine contains massive historical accumulation of TCM and distinctive characteristics of the times, which is closely connected with the TCM theory, current trend of the TCM development, clinical treatment requirements, and the development of modern science and technology. In order to promote the development of MCC Medicine, this article reviewed its original background and future trend, with a purpose to make clear the direction for the development of MCC Medicine.
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Objective To study the effects of different extraction processes on extraction rate of cortex fraxini total coumarin and active constitute percentage of major coumarin;To establish a proper extraction process.Methods Orthogonal design method was applied to set comprehensive index cortex fraxini total coumarin extraction rate as inspecting index. Water and alcohol were used as solvent respectively to optimize the extraction process of cortex fraxini.Results Optimal water extraction process:cortex fraxini decoction pieces mixed with nine times of water, decocted for three times, 90 mins each time. The pasty fluid generating rate of cortex fraxini was 28.87%, total coumarin percentage was 19.26%, extraction rate was 5.56%, total percentage of Aesculin, Aesculetin, Fraxin, Fraxetin was 13.47%, when water was used as solvent. Optimal alcohol extraction process:cortex fraxini decoction pieces mixed with eight times of 75% ethyl alcohol, refluxed twice, two hours each time. The pasty fluid generating rate of cortex fraxini was 30.47%, total coumarin percentage was 21.72%, extraction rate was 6.62%, total percentage of Aesculin, Aesculetin, Fraxin, Fraxetin was 15.29%, when alcohol was used as solvent. It was found that using alcohol as solvent had a 5.54% higher pasty fluid generating rate, a 12.77% higher total coumarion percentage, a 19.06% higher total coumarin extraction rate, and a 13.51% higher percentage of total four coumarin constitutes than using water, with statistical significance. Conclusion Extraction process by using alcohol as solvent is better than using water. So the optimal and stable extraction process of cortex fraxini total coumarin is using 75% alcohol as solvent.
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Objective To establish a UV spectrophotometry method and an HPLC method respectively for the determination of the total content of coumarin and contents of four main constituents of coumarin in Fraxini Cortex extract.Methods UV spectrophotometry was used for the determination of the content of total coumarin in Fraxini Cortex extract. The reference substance was Aesculin, and the maximum ultraviolet absorption wavelength was 334 nm. The HPLC method was used to determine the contents of Aesculin, Fraxin, Aesculetin and Fraxetin in Fraxini Cortex extract, using gradient elution with acetonitrile-phosphate solution (0.01%) as mobile phase on Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 chromatographic column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm) at room temperature.Results For the UV method, the linear range of the mass concentration of Aesculin was 5.76-23.04μg/mL (r=0.999 9), and the average recovery was 100.6% (RSD=1.8%). For the HPLC method, the linear ranges of the mass of Aesculin, Fraxin, Aesculetin and Fraxetin were 0.055 0-3.850 0μg (r=0.9997), 0.053 9-3.773 0μg (r=0.999 8), 0.060 0-0.660 0μg (r=0.999 9), and 0.056 2-0.618 2μg (r=0.999 9), respectively, and the average recoveries were 96.97% (RSD=1.26%), 100.80% (RSD=2.22%), 99.04% (RSD=2.47%), and 98.77% (RSD=1.94%), respectively.Conclusion Both of the two methods are simple, accurate and reliable, and can be used for the quality control of total coumarin and the main constituents of coumarin in Fraxini Cortex extract.
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Objective To establish a method to analyze the composition and content of monoses in the garlic polysaccharide by ion chromatography. Methods The monoses in the solution of garlic polysaccharide hydrolysised by trifluoroacetic acid were determined by amino PAC column, eluted by gradient hydroxide sodium and identified by ampere detector (AU as working electrode, Ag/AgCl as reference electrode). Results The garlic polysaccharide was mainly composed by arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and fructose. Good resolution could be achieved among the above mentioned five kinds of monoses. Their linear correlations over the investigated concentration were above 0.998, while the average recovery rates were in the range of 95%-105%. Conclusion The ion chromatography method is fast, accurate, simple and reliable, and can be applied in the content determination and quality control of garlic polysaccharide.
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Objective To study the rule of lymphatic metastasis of progressive gastric carcinoma aiming at the properscope of clearance of lymph nodes.Methods Retrospective analysis of 118 cases of advanced gastric cancer patients,respectively D1,D2,D3 radical mastectomy and selective D2~+-D3 radical operation of gastric cancer,their 5-year survival rate,operation time,blood loss,postoperative complications,were compared.Results Selective D2~+-D3 radical gastrectomy group of 5-year survival rate was 40.00%,significantly higher than the D2 group 16.67%(P ＜0.05),while D3 and the radical mastectomy was no difference of 44.44%.The post operative complications occurred in the circumstances there is no significant difference,surgery time and surgery-related mortality rate than the radical mastectomy to reduce the D3.Conclusion Selective D2~+-D3 radical operation of gastric cancer can be improved and part of the period ⅢⅣ gastric cancer survival.but the trauma of surgery than patients D3-small;to avoid unnecessary part of the total gastrectomy patients,postoperative quality of life better.In the operation there is no simple and effective method of detecting lymph node metastasis,this method is a good approach.
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Objective To determine the content of berberine hydrochloride in Shaoyao decoction. Methods HPLC was performed on an Agilent XDB C18 column by using acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate-triethylamine (30∶70∶0.14) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 25 ℃ and the UV detection wavelength was 345 nm. Results Berberine hydrochloride showed a good linearity redationship in the range of 0.07～1.40 ?g. The average recovery was 98.63% (n=6, RSD=1.21%). The average content was 1.55%. Conclusion The method is simple and accurate, with good repeatability, and can be used for the quality control of Shaoyao decoction.
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6,7-dicho- methoxyl-8-Hydroxycoumarin. Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance extract had obvious bacteriostasis to 9 kinds of bacterium;monomer mixture and coumarin fingerprint region sample had obvious bacteriostasis to Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, beta streptococcus, aeruginosus Bacillus, Bacillus coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, catarrh. Unknown component fingerprint region sample had obvious bacteriostasis to Staphylococcus aureus and certain bacteriostasis to Staphylococcus epidermidis, alpha streptococcus, beta streptococcus, Bacillus coli, salmonella. Conclusion The changes of ash bark bacteriostasis were basically identical with known coumarin component content. Aglycone bacteriostasis of ash bark was superior to glycoside, fraxetin and aesculetin bacteriostasis were most powerful in 5 kinds of coumarin monomer.
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Objective To optimize extraction technology for volatile oil of Pogostemon cablin in the second traditional veterinary drugs anti-stress granule.Methods The single factor was used to investigate the concentration and amount of the ethanol before inclusion of volatile oil.The L9(34) orthogonal design was used to optimize the factors in the process of inclusion.Results The optimal of technology method was that volatile oil was dissolved with 95% EtOH by 1:20(mL/mL),the ratio of oil and ?-CD was 1:8,?-CD was prepared the concentration of 10%,ultrasound pool was at 40 ℃,2.0 h.Conclusion The optimized process is stable and adjustable quality.
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Objective To optimize the conditions for the extraction of volatile oil from Fructus Tsaoko and Radix Saposhnikoviae in Leifengguan granules,and for the preparation of their ?-CD inclusion compounds.Methods With the percentages of extracted volatile oil of Fructus tsaoko and Radix saposhnikoviae as the target marker,single-element experiments were conducted to determine the optimum conditions for extracting the volatile oil.The application rate of included volatile oil was used as the target marker to optimize the conditions for including the oils with ?-CD.Results The optimized extraction conditions were: with 8-fold water added,the sliced herbal medicine of Fructus tsaoko and Radix saposhnikoviae should be extracted for six hours without advanced soaking with water.The optimized inclusion conditions were: applying the saturated aqueous solution method,15-fold 85 % ethanol was used to dissolve the volatile oil,the proportion of the above solution and ?-CD being 1︰8;at 25 ℃,the volatile oil was included for 30 minutes with ultrasonic wave.Conclusion The established process can be used for the extraction and the inclusion of volatile oil from Fructus Tsaoko and Radix Saposhnikoviae in Leifengguan granules.