ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of application of F 16 single-tract minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy ( MPCNL) combined with flexible ureteroscopy for the treatment of complex renal staghorn calculi . Methods From May 2009 to September 2012, 35 patients with complex renal staghorn calculi were treated by F 16 single-tract MPCNL combined with flexible ureteroscopy in this hospital .All the patients underwent MPCNL at the first-stage, and 5-7 days afterwards a second-stage operation was performed by using flexible ureteroscopy .The fragments of stones were removed from the MPCNL tract .For patients diagnosed as having residual stones , a third-stage reoperation of MPCNL combined with flexible ureteroscopy was given . Results Twenty-one patients were stone-free after the second-stage operation , 12 patients were stone-free after the third-stage operation , and the remaining 2 patients with residual stones were given drug administration for stone removal and were clarified as stone -free within 1 month of follow-up.No serious intraoperative or postoperative complications such as hemorrhage or infectious shock occurred .Follow-up reviews for 3 -6 months in the 35 patients found no residual stones or recurrence . Conclusion F16 single-tract MPCNL combined with flexible ureteroscopy is an effect and safe procedure for complex renal staghorn calculi .