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【Objective】 To study the level of occult hepatitis B virus methylation and replication related genes, and to explore the effect of the former on the latter. 【Methods】 The cases in control group (healthy control, n=3), occult hepatitis B group (occult HBV group, n=3) and hepatitis B group (HBV group, n=3) were detected by Illumina methylation 850k chip. The difference analysis, GO analysis and KEGG analysis were carried out. The methylation and virus replication related genes DNMT1, DNMT2, Dnmt3a and ZHX2 were screened for RT-PCR. 【Results】 The methylation level of occult HBV group and HBV group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Difference analysis showed that there were 1 050 differential methylation sites in occult HBV group with the methylation level greater than non-methylation level, and 1 340 differential methylation sites as the opposite compared with the control group. In HBV group, there were 1 008 differential methylation sites with methylation level greater than non-methylation level, and 1 242 differential methylation sites as the opposite. Go analysis showed that compared with the control group, the differential gene expression in occult HBV group and HBV group was significantly related to many anabolic processes in biological process (BP), cell composition (CC) and molecular function (MF). The enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway between the control group and the occult HBV group showed that the differential genes were mainly involved in adhesion junction, basal cell carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, EB virus infection, hepatocellular carcinoma and other signal pathways. The enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway in occult HBV group and HBV group showed that the differential genes were mainly involved in AMPK signal pathway, cell cycle, endometrial cancer, hepatitis C, hepatocellular carcinoma and other signal pathways. DNMT1 and DNMT3a in occult HBV group and HBV group were significantly higher while ZHX2 was significantly lower than those in control group. 【Conclusion】 The methylation level of occult HBV group and HBV group increased significantly while ZHX2 decreased significantly. Hypermethylation inhibited the expression of ZHX2 and changed the replication of hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B virus DNA methylation provides a theoretical basis for the replication mechanism of hepatitis B virus and a new method for the treatment of hepatitis B virus.
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【Objective】 To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) in the retroperitoneum. 【Methods】 We summarized the clinical and prognostic data of nine patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between January 2007 and December 2017 who were diagnosed with SFT by surgical resection and pathological examination. Nine cases of retroperitoneal SFT were detected by HE and immunohistochemical SP method. The expressions of Vimintin (Vim), CD34, CD99, Ki-67, Bcl-2 and S-100 in tumor cells were analyzed for their clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. 【Results】 Among the nine patients, four were male and five were female, aged 37-69 years old. Five of them showed abdominal distension, while the other four had no obvious clinical symptoms. The tumor size was (1.0 cm×1.0 cm×2.0 cm)-(30.0 cm×25.0 cm×10.0 cm). There were seven single cases and two multiple cases. Histology showed bundle-shaped, braided spindle cells and collagen fibers of varying degrees, accompanied by mucinous degeneration and hemangiopericytoma-like morphology. Immunohistochemical results were as follows: The positive rate was 100% (9/9) for Vim, CD34 and CD99, 77% (7/9) for Ki-67, 67% (6/9) for Bcl-2, and 22% (2/9) for S-100. All the patients were followed up effectively. Two of them died (the cause of death was not related to the disease studied, and the survival time from postoperative to death was 6.5 years and 8.3 years, respectively). One surviving case relapsed 3 years after the operation, but did not recur after the second operation. No recurrence or metastasis was found in the remaining cases. 【Conclusion】 Retroperitoneal SFT is rare in the clinic, and there are no typical clinical symptoms in the early stage. Most of them are detected in physical check-ups. Ultrasound and CT examinations are the main preoperative examination methods, but they are not specific to SFT. Pathological examination is the only method for diagnosis. Radical resection is the first-choice of treatment. The preferred method for this disease is effective in early radical surgery and regular postoperative review.
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Objective To evaluate the relationship between asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS)and lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO).Methods 200 patients with lower extremities arteriosclerosis obliterans who were admitted in our hospital between Oct 2013 and Oct 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Patients were divided into severe ACS (stenosis ≥ 70％)and moderate ACS (stenosis ＜ 70％).Results Compared with moderate ACS,the severe ACS patients were elder,heavier cigarette-smoker and alcohol drinker,higher hypertriglyceride and fibrinogen level (all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of severe ACS increased as lower limb ASO gets more significant (x2 =28.2,P ＜ 0.05).It also increased with age (x2 =7.78,P ＜ 0.05).Multi-factor logistic regression showed advanced age (OR:1.079,95％ CI:1.055-1.104,P ＜ 0.05) and hypertriglyceride (OR:2.013,95％ CI:1.076-3.325,P ＜ 0.05) were risk factors for severe ACS.Conclusions The incidence of severe ACS increased with the increasing of age and severity of lower limb ASO.Advanced age and hypertriglyceride were potential risk factors for severe ACS.
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Standardized residency training is the only way for medical students to grow into clin-icians. At present, the number of under training residents in China has reached 190000 (excluding special-ized degree graduate students). It is very important to manage each stage of this training well, which is an guarantee for improving the effect of standardized training. The residents who attend the training are com-posed of "unit personnel" and "intra-industry social personnel", and after standardized and homogenized training, the two types of students have officially become the new force in the medical industry after passing the final examination. In order to do a good job in the management of standardized residency training, to achieve fine management at all stages , this paper focuses on the differences between the two types of students, analyzes in detail the characteristics of these two types of students in the recruitment, training and welfare guarantee stages. "Unit personnel" are given the security, supervision and containment of the origi-nal unit, while due to the pressure of job-hunting and the uncertainty of future welfare, "intra-industry so-cial personnel" are equipped with more initiative. Based on advanced management experience in Beijing,Shanghai, Sichuan and Tianjin, this paper aims to summarize the key points in management of the two types of students in training, propose countermeasures to the difficulties in management, innovative management solutions, and provide reference for the optimization management of standardized residency training.
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Previous studies have suggested that various kinds of inflammatory factors can influence the formation and development of tumor cells.Researche has shown that gallbladder cancer is closely linked with local inflammation,which is a risk factor for the development of gallbladder cancer.It is widely known that cholecystitis is closely correlated with gallstones,and that bile obtained from patients with gallbladder cancer contains a large variety of bacteria,such as Salmonella typhi,Helicobacter,and Escherichia coli.It is proposed that the gallbladder may be the result of the joint action of inflammation with the bacterial flora.Similarly,the inflammatory “tumor infiltrating lymphocyte” (TIL)can be observed in the tumor and its surrounding tissues,and may also play a role in tumor growth and metastasis.However,detailed mechanisms about the relationship between inflammation and gallbladder cancer is still not clear.No specific anti-inflammatory drugs for gallbladder cancer have been developed. In the near future,anti inflammatory drugs may play a more important role in gallbladder cancer prevention and treatment.
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ObjectiveTo observe the changing of the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and serum lipids in elderly patients with early chronic kidney disease. Methods90 cases of early chronic kidney disease were collected and 90 cases without chronic kidney disease served as control.The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG),high density lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL)and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)were measured. ResultsThere was significant difference between early chronic kidney disease group and the control group on TG,HDL and hs-CRP(all P＜0.05).The level of HDL in study group was significantly lower than those in control group(P＜0.05＝. ConclusionThe patients with early chronic kidney disease often had hypertriglyceridemia,declining HDL and elevating hs-CRP.It should be paid attention early.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effects of simvastatin in elderly patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis disease. MethodsOne hundred and twenty-eight patients were divided into 2 groups:64 cases with intermittent claudication(group l)and 64 asymptomatic cases with intermittent claudication(group 2).Sixty-four normal cases were served as control group(group 3).THe patients of group l were given simvastatin for 18 months.The differences in levels of blood lipids and C-reactive protein(CRP),the size of plaque and the changes between pre-and post-treatments were observed among three groups. ResultsTC,LDL-C and CRP levels were significantly higher in group l than those in group 3 before the treatment[(6.3±1.7)mmol/L vs. (5.2±1.3)mmol/L,(3.8±1.3)mmol/Lυs.(2.1±1.3)mmol/L,(5.7±1.5)mmol/Lυs.(3.3±1.4)mmol/L,respectively,all P＜0.05].TC,LDL-C and CRP levels significantly decreased in group0.053.There were no differences in plaque size and in plaque number in group 1 between pre-and post -treatments(both P＞0.05),but the clinieal symptoms were relieved or disappeared.There were significant differences in plaque size,blood lipid level and CRP level in group 2 after 18 months treatment(all P＜0.05). ConclusionsSimvastatin can delay the development of artherioscIerosis in the patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis disease.CRP can be used as an early index of disease development and illness monitoring.