ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze and evaluate the usage and tendency of quinolones before and after the special rectification of antibacterial in one grade III level A hospital in üanjing to provide evidence for the special rectification of antibacterial and manage-ment. Methods:The usage records of quinolones in 2010( before the special rectification)and in 2011-2013( after the special rectifi-cation)were collected,and the sales revenue,DDDs,defined daily cost( DDC),drug resistance and adverse drug reactions( ADR) were analyzed retrospectively. Results:Both the amount and ratio of the sales revenue of quinolones were declined dramatically after the rectification(2011-2013). Among all kinds of quinolones,the sales revenue and DDDs of lomefloxacin aspartate injections was the highest before the rectification while moxifloxacin injections and levofloxacine hydrochloride injections ranked the first and the second respectively in sales revenue after the rectification(2012-2013). As for the DDDs,levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets and levofloxacine hydrochloride injections were the highest after the rectification. Besides,moxifloxacin injections had the highest DDC after the rectifica-tion. Moreover,the drug resistance of the main drug-resistant bacteria( namely staphylococcus,enterobacteriaceae and non fermenta-tion bacteria)to levofloxacin,norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin was declined after the rectification. The adverse drug reactions of levofloxa-cin,lomefloxacin,enoxacin and moxifloxacin were declined year by year after the rectification,and the ADR ratio of quinolones in all anti-bacterial agents was also declined. Conclusion:After the special rectification of antibacterials,the hospital exhibits obvious im-provement in all the application indices of antibacterials,reflecting a good result of the special rectification. However,the hospital still needs to strengthen the inspection over the clinical application of the fourth generation of quinolones.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the inhibitory effects of topical application of specific immunoglobulin yolk antibodies (IgY) to mutans streptococci on composition of human dental plaque.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 24 healthy adult volunteers were selected and randomly distributed into three experimental groups. After a supragingival scaling, the subjects were treated with an application of IgY containing spray (test group, n = 9), a 0.15% chlorhexidine(CH) spray(positive control group, n = 9) or a placebo phosphate buffered saline(PBS) spray without any active ingredients(negative control group, n = 6) three times daily for three weeks. Pooled plaque samples from the smooth surfaces of teeth were collected for microbiologic analysis before administration (baseline, day 0), during treatment(days 7, 14 and 21) and after withdrawal of the agents(days 28, 42 and 56) and plaque index were recorded. Microbial cultivation were performed by serially diluting the samples with PBS solution an cultivating the aliquots on mitis salivarius agar(MS) and MS supplemented with bacitracin (MSB) for oral streptococci and mutans streptococci respectively. The number of colony-forming unit (CFU) per plate was counted and the percentage of mutans streptococci per oral streptococci in dental plaque were determined. The effect of IgY on colonization of mutans streptococci were analyzed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plaque indexes remained unchanged, but mutans streptococci in dental plaque was suppressed significantly following a short term(three weeks) application of IgY, and low level of mutans streptococci persisted for at least 5 weeks after withdrawal of IgY.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggest that the immunization with specific immunoglobulin yolk against mutans streptococci could be useful for long term suppression of mutans streptococci colonization in human dental plaque.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Anti-Infective Agents, Local , Chickens , Chlorhexidine , Colony Count, Microbial , Dental Caries , Dental Plaque , Microbiology , Immunoglobulins , Pharmacology , Mouth , Microbiology , Mouthwashes , Streptococcus mutansABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effects of a preparation of chinese traditional medicine Zengshengping (ZSP) in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP).Methods:200 patients with OLP were randomly divided into 2 groups with 100 in each.The patients in one group were treated with ZSP and those in another with levomisolum.The patients were followed up for two years.Results:The total effective rate in ZSP or levomisolum treated group were 90% and 62% respectively (P<0.025).Conclusion:ZSP is more effective in the treatment of OLP than levomisolum.