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ObjectiveTo explore the impact of autonomic nerve function on motor function in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) from the perspective of regional homogeneity (ReHo). MethodsFrom January to December, 2020, a total of 60 inpatients and outpatients with cerebral infarction in the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were divided into control group (n = 30) and PSD group (n = 30). Two groups were assessed using Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured. Ten patients in each group were selected randomly to undergo resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to calculate ReHo. ResultsAll HRV indices were lower in PSD group than in the control group (|t| > 2.092, P < 0.05). In PSD group, FMA and MBI scores showed positive correlations with 24-hour standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats over 24 hours (RMSSD), the percentage of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals over 24 hours that were greater than 50 ms (PNN50), total power (TP), very low frequency power (VLF) and low frequency power (LF) (r > 0.394, P < 0.05), and showed negative correlations with HAMD scores (|r| > 0.919, P < 0.001). HAMD scores in PSD group were negatively correlated with SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50, TP and VLF (|r| > 0.769, P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the ReHo increased in PSD group in the right rectus gyrus (142 voxels, t = 6.575), the left medial and paracingulate gyri (204 voxels, t = 4.925) (GRF correction, P-Voxel < 0.005，P-Cluster < 0.05); and reduced in the right cerebellum (191 voxels, t = -6.487), the left middle temporal gyrus (140 voxels, t = -5.516), and the left precentral gyrus (119 voxels, t = -4.764) (GRF correction, P-Voxel < 0.005，P-Cluster < 0.05) in PSD group. ConclusionAutonomic nerve function is related to motor dysfunction in patients with PSD. The modulation of emotional, cognitive and motor brain regions by the autonomic nervous system may play a role in influencing the motor function in patients with PSD.
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Objective:To explore the improvement of core symptoms in children with autism whose auditory pathway dysfunction were repaired after accepting auditory integration training(AIT).Methods:The ASD children with abnormal auditory evoked potentials were divided into AIT group (the ones whose BAEP return to normal after AIT training into test group), control group A (blank control group) and control group B (ABA training group). The ASD children were assessed by Portage Development Checklist, Child Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Therapy Assessment Scale (ATEC) at the time of admission, one month after admission, three months after admission.The curative effect with the change value of each factor fraction was evaluated.Results:At the time of enrollment, there were no significant differences among the scores of CARS((36.31±4.08), (36.33±3.76), (36.33±5.14)) as well as ATEC language ((19.08±6.43), (16.40±6.42), (18.48±5.96)), social ((15.63±7.13), (16.05±7.57), (16.19±7.19)), and perception ((16.78±5.39) (16.92±6.75), (17.12±6.73)) and self-care ((15.98±8.71), (17.93±8.22), (17.26±8.93), respectively)) in the AIT group, control group B and control group A. After one month and three months from enrollment, the scores of CARS were ((33.96±3.79), (35.09±4.38) and (34.30±3.98), respectively after one month; (32.95±3.15), (36.86±3.86) and (33.95±3.90), respectively) after three months in the AIT group, control group B and control group A. The repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that the main effect of time was significant ( F=22.308, P<0.01), the main effect of group was not significant ( F=2.647, P>0.05), and there was interaction between time and group ( F= 8.626, P<0.01). For the scores of ATEC language (one month: (16.18±7.10), (18.62±6.63), (13.40±5.44); three months: (14.13±6.13), (18.40±6.35), (10.75±5.17)), social(one month: (12.31±6.68), (17.76±6.82), (15.08±6.75); three months: (10.71±5.42), (16.31±6.30), (12.15±7.30)), perception (one month: (14.37±5.86), (17.43±7.22), (18.58±6.92); three months: (10.35±5.43), (16.44±7.05), (16.68±7.37)) in AIT group, control group B and control group A. The main effect of time was significant ( F=35.534, 40.729, 40.401, all P<0.01), the main effect of group was also significant ( F=7.600, 6.193, 7.675, all P<0.01), and there was interaction between time and group ( F=7.602, 3.355, 7.649, all P<0.05). Multiple comparisons showed that there were statistically significant differences between the AIT group and the control group B, the control group A and the control group B in the scores of ATEC language scale after intervention (I1-J1=-1.69, P1<0.05; I2-J2=-4.98, P2<0.01) between the AIT group and the control group A in the scores of ATEC social scale after intervention (I-J=-4.54, P<0.01) .There were significant differences between the AIT group and the control group A, the AIT group and the control group B in the scores of ATEC perception scale after intervention (I1-J1=-3.16, P1<0.05; I2-J2=-4.89, P2<0.01); for the scores of ATEC self-care ability subscale the main effect of time was significant ( F=22.876, P<0.01), the main effect of group was also significant ( F=3.427, P<0.05), and time and group had no interaction ( F=1.885, P>0.05). Multiple comparisons showed that the scores of ATEC self-care ability scale between the AIT group and the control group A were statistically significant (I-J=-4.46, P<0.05). Conclusion:The results of this study show that AIT training can improve the core symptoms of the ASD children whose BAEP returns to normal.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with motor imagery therapy on motor function and activity of daily living in patients with hemiplegic cerebral infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety patients with hemiplegic cerebral infarction were randomly divided into a rehabilitation group, an EA group and a comprehensive group, 30 patients in each one. The patients in the rehabilitation group were treated with regular care, medication and rehabilitation training; based on the rehabilitation group, the patients in the EA group were treated mainly with electroacupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Dingnieqianxiexian (MS 6), Dingniehouxiexian (MS 7), Jianyu (LI 15), Waiguan (TE 5), Fengshi (GB 31) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); with the arrival of. EA device was connected for 30 min. The patients in the comprehensive group were treated with EA as the EA group and motor imagery therapy, 20 min per treatment. The treatment was given once a day, five treatments per week, and totally 4-week treatment was performed. The Barthel index and Brunnstrom score before and after treatment were observed in the three groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three cases did not finish the trial and finally 87 cases were included into analysis, including 30 cases in the rehabilitation group, 29 cases in the EA group and 28 cases in the comprehensive group. Compared before treatment, the Barthel index and Brunnstrom score were significantly improved after treatment in the three groups (all<0.01); after treatment, the Barthel index in the EA group and comprehensive group was significantly higher than that in the rehabilitation group (both<0.01); the lower extremity score of Brunnstrom score in the comprehensive group was better than those in the EA group and rehabilitation group (both<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA combined with motor imagery therapy and rehabilitation can significantly improve the motor function and activity of daily living in patients with hemiplegic cerebral infarction, which is superior to rehabilitation alone or EA alone.</p>
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Objective To investigate the curative effect of auditory integration training (AIT) on autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children with abnormal brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP).Methods 56 cases of ASD patients with abnormal BAEP were treated with AIT (aged 2-6 years).BAEP will be reviewed after each course of treatments until the test results were back to normal or had no obvious changes.Children' s core symptoms were evaluated by using autism behavior checklist (ABC) and the childhood autism rating scale (CARS) before and after treatments.Results 56 children accepted (1.95±0.92) courses of AIT.Compared with the data before AIT,CARS scores ((36.32± 3.54),(34.11 ± 3.12)),scores of the sensory factor((5.65±4.61),(4.28±4.11)) and the stereotypes factor of ABC were decreased significantly(P＜0.05).After treatments,BAEP of 29 cases (51.79％) went back to normal levels.The bilateral wave incubation periods on left side (Ⅰ:(1.81 ± 0.17) ms,(1.71 ± 0.12) ms,Ⅲ:(4.14 ± 0.18) ms,(4.07 ±0.17)ms,V:(6.09±0.23)ms,(5.97±0.22) ms)and right side (Ⅰ:(1.79±0.17) ms,(1.74±0.13) ms,Ⅲ:(4.15±0.16) ms,(4.07±0.16) ms,V:(6.06±0.23) ms,(5.99±0.26) ms) were significantly shortened (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion AIT can improve the functional handicap of auditory pathway in brainstem of ASD children,and the core symptoms of ASD.