Clinical analysis of 96 cases of congenital cystic lung lesions in children / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To summarize the diagnosis, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of congenital cystic lung lesions.@*Methods@#A retrospective study described the clinical course of 96 patients (46 female and 50 male) diagnosed with congenital cystic lung lesions treated at the Tianjin Children′s Hospital from January 2010 to March 2019. The clinical findings, imaging examinations, pathological findings, treatment and follow-up were analyzed.@*Results@#Totally 96 patients (aged from 4 days to 13 years) with congenital cystic lung lesions were included in this study. Eighty-six patients (90%) were diagnosed when they had cough and fever symptoms. Forty (42%) patients exhibited congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, 30 underwent surgical excision, two were at emergency operations and one dead. There were 12 (13%) patients with pulmonary sequestration and four were surgical treated. Twelve (13%) patients with bronchogenic cyst were included and 4 were surgically treated. There were 3 (3%) patients with congenital lobar emphysema and one was surgically treated. Another patient with pneumothorax was operated in other hospital 2 months after discharge. Twenty-nine (30%) patients with unclassified congenital cystic lung lesions could not be definitively diagnosed by CT. Some of them were difficult to be distinguished from necrotizing pneumonia. Finally, 2 patients were diagnosed as necrotizing pneumonia after 6, 10 months follow-up. After operation 37 out of 39 patients recovered well.@*Conclusions@#The diagnosis of congenital pulmonary cystic disease depend on imaging and pathological examination. Most patients are diagnosed when they have respiratory tract infection. The main clinical manifestations are cough and fever. The prognosis of operative management is good.

Feasibility of constructing a scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering using poly(lactide-co-glycolide) alone / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: To mimic physiological and functional requirements of cartilage and subcondral bone, some recent studies have fabricated bilayered scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering in cartilage repair. However, in cartilage repair, and little is reported on the use of a single biomaterial instead of composite biomaterials to fabricate bilayered porous scaffolds. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of an integrated bilayered porous scaffold fabricated with poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and then to discuss its feasibility of constructing tissue-engineered osteochondral graft. METHODS: The integrated bilayered porous scaffolds were fabricated with PLGA by changing the ultrastructure of scaffold.In vitro,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)isolated from rabbits were seeded into the bilayered porous PLGA scaffold, co-cultured for 1 week and then observed under scanning electron microscope. After co-culturing 48 hours,the cells were stained by LIVE/DEAD Kit.In vivo,the composite of DiI-labeled BMSCs and the scaffold or the scaffold alone were implanted subcutaneously into the skin of nude mice, and the implants were taken out and stained by hematoxylin-eosin and DAPI staining at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) We successfully obtained the bilayered porous scaffolds with different pore sizes (the upper layer:100-200 μm and the lower layer:300-450 μm)and 85% porosity.(2)In the in vitro experiment,the LIVE/DEAD staining showed that BMSCs survived well in the scaffold, and the cells adhered well to the wall of pores in all the scaffolds and extracellular matrix deposition was found under the scanning electron microscope.(3)In the in vivo experiment, shown by the hematoxylin-eosin staining, a small amount of chondrocytes formed in the fibrous tissue in the upper layer and a large amount of trabecular bones in the lower layer were found at 8 weeks after implantation in the experimental group. The close integration between the upper layer and the lower layer appeared. BMSCs could survive for 8 weeks in vivo shown by the DAPI staining.However,in the control group,a little fibrous tissue was found without chondrocytes and apparent trabecular bone, and the scaffold was partially degraded. To conclude, the integrated bilayered porous scaffold fabricated with PLGA alone has good biocompatibility, which is feasibly used in osteochondral tissue engineering.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of bis-nicotine derivatives as inhibitors of cholinesterases and beta-amyloid aggregation / 药学学报

A novel series of bis-nicotine derivatives (3a-3i) were designed, synthesized and evaluated as bivalent anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. The pharmacological results indicated that compounds 3e-3i inhibited both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in the micromolar range (IC50, 2.28-117.86 micromol x L(-1) for AChE and 1.67-125 micromol x L(-1) for BChE), which was at the same potency as rivastigmine. A Lineweaver-Burk plot and molecular modeling study showed that these derivatives targeted both the catalytic active site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. Besides, these compounds could significantly inhibit the self-induced Abeta aggregation with inhibition activity (11.85%-62.14%) at the concentration of 20 micromol x L(-1).

Impacts of Taichong (LR 3) on blood flow velocity in patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the intervention on the disturbance of blood flow velocity in vertebral artery in patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) treated with acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3) so that the clinical evidences could be provided for the research of acupoint specificity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred cases of VBI were tested with Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and 43 vessels of low velocity of blood flow and 79 vessels of high velocity of blood flow were discovered. Additionally, 50 cases of normal people were selected in control group, including totally 100 vertebral arteries. The velocity changes in systolic period (Vs) of vertebral artery were observed before and after acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3). RESULTS; After acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3), Vs of vertebral artery in low velocity cases was increased apparently. Vs in 5 to 10 min after acupuncture and half a hour after needle withdrawal was different significantly in statistics as compared with Vs before acupuncture (both P < 0.01). Vs of vertebral artery in high velocity cases was reduced apparently. Vs in 5 to 10 min after acupuncture and half a hour after needle withdrawal was different significantly in statistics as compared with Vs before acupuncture (both P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in statistics in comparison before and after acupuncture in control group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3) improves blood supply in vertebral artery in the mode of dual regulation and rectifies the disturbance of vertebral artery blood flow in dynamics.</p>

Effect of dihydrotestosterone on the transcriptions and expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 in LNCaP cell line / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on the gene transcriptions and expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 in androgen dependent prostate cancer cell line LNCaP, and whether this effect can be suppressed by the androgen receptor inhibitor flutamide.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The androgen dependent prostate cancer cell line LNCaP was cultured in RPMI 1640 medium and treated with different concentrations of DHT(2, 10, 50 nmol/L) and flutamide (100 nmol/L). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNAs of Smad3 and Smad4. The expressions of Smad3 and Smad4 protein were detected by Western blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group without any DHT or flutamide, higher concentration(10, 50 nmol/L) of DHT enhanced the transcription of Smad3 mRNA (P <0.05). Serial concentrations of DHT increased the expression of Smad3 protein(P < 0.05). Flutamide inhibited the up-regulation of both Smad3 mRNA transcription and expression significantly (P <0.05). 10 nmol/L DHT significantly suppressed the transcription of Smad4 (P <0.05). There was considerable suppressions of Smad4 expression at the presence of DHT in different concentrations (P < 0.05). And the degree of this suppression was more significant than that of DHT on Smad4 mRNA transcription. Flutamide inhibited the suppressive effects of DHT on both Smad4 mRNA transcription and expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DHT can enhance the transcription and expression of Smad3, while it decreases the transcription and expression of Smad4 in LNCaP cell line. There is a possible crosstalk between the AR signal and TGF-beta signal passways at the level of Smads.</p>