ABSTRACT
Se presenta un caso de Feohifomicosis subcutánea en un paciente joven inmunocompetente, localizada en cara flexora de antebrazo derecho, sin antecedente previo de traumatismo evidenciado por él mismo. Al examen físico presentaba lesiones nodulares y supurativas que al biopsiarlas evidenciaron intensa inflamación granulomatosa, con sectores de fibrosis y extensas áreas de necrosis. Luego se realizaron cultivos y estudios micológicos específicos, dando como diagnóstico una Feohifomicosis subcutánea por Exophiala dermatitidis. El tratamiento consistió en administración de itraconazol más resección quirúrgica completa, sin evidenciar recidivas a los seis meses del control posterior al tratamiento.
In this case we have examined a young male immunocompetent patient suffering from subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis on his right forearm. Upon questioning, the patient did not express having noticed any previous traumatism. Physical examination revealed suppurative nodular lesions which, in the histologic study, showed severe granulomatous inflammation along with fibrotic tissue and necrosis. We carried out the corresponding cultures, the results of which was Exophila dermatitidis, and subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis was diagnosed. The treatment of choice consisted in itraconazole and a surgical procedure to remove the lesion. Six months after the procedure, we have found no sings of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Los autores anbalizan una experiencia de 1.024 pacientes sometidos a Litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque (ESWL) con un equipo Compact de Dornier, provisto de ecografía y radioscopia para localización de las litiacis. Se presentan los resultados y conclusiones de 1.967 tratamientos, examinando la edad, el sexo, la localización de las litiacis, el promedio de ondas de choque, las maniobras complementarias usadas durante los procedimientos, además de otras variables observadas
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Lithiasis , Lithotripsy , High-Energy Shock Waves/therapeutic use , Ultrasonics , Urinary CatheterizationABSTRACT
The mammary gland is an organ whose size, shape and function undergo fundamental changes during the various phases of a woman's growth. Although the development of the mammary gland begins during infancy, the most dramatic changes occur with the initiation of puberty. Pregnancy and lactation complete the functional development of the organ, which regresses during menopause. Epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that certain hormonal influences, especially those related to reproduction, modify the risk of developing breast cancer. Thus, a full term pregnancy completed before the age of 24 years significantly reduces the lifetime incidence of breast cancer. Although the mechanism through which pregnancy protects the breast from breast cancer has not been clearly established, experimental models of mammary carcinogenesis have allowed researchers to determine that pregnancy inhibits the initiation of the neoplastic process through the induction of a complete differentiation of the mammary gland. This process activates specific genes, which in turn modify the response of the organ to ulterior hormonal changes. It is postulated that the same mechanism might be responsible for the protective effect of a woman's early first full term pregnancy. The greater incidence of breast cancer observed in nulliparous women correlates well with the greater susceptibility of the virgin rat to develop mammary carcinomas when exposed to chemical carcinogens. The successful induction of malignant transformation in the virgin animal mammary epithelium is due to the presence of undifferentiated structures with a high rate of cell proliferation. These structures are eliminated by pregnancy. The breast of nulliparous women retains those undifferentiated structures, which increase the predisposition of the organ to undergo malignant transformation, which will manifest itself clinically several years after its initiation. The correlation of human epidemiological, clinical and experimental data with those data obtained in rodent experimental models lends support to this hypothesis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Rats , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Growth Substances , Breast , Disease Models, Animal , Disease Susceptibility , Epithelial Cells , Parity , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
O conteúdo Feulgen-DNA, bem como os tamanhos e fenótipos nucleares de células NIH/3T3 transformadas por transfecçäo com o DNA genômico contendo oncogene N-ras decélulas MCF-7, foram estudados por microespectrofotometria de varredura e análise de imagem e comparados aos exibidos quando a transforamaçäo é obtida por transfecçäo com o DNA do oncogene c-H-ras de células T24. Foram encontrados níveis superiores de condensaçäo cromatínica afetando a eucromatina, o que em seus aspectos gerais caracteriza uma situaçäo semelhante áquela obtida quando a transformaçäo é mediada pelo DNA do oncogene c-H-ras de células T24. Supöe-se que a condensaçäo cromatinica induzida esteja associada a uma repressäo de genes tornados näo disponíveis para transcriçäo e/ou represente um efeito topológico sobre a geometria de complexo nucleoprotéicos, induzido por açöes próximas ou distantes ao longo da molécula de DNA. Em parte das células transformadas pela transfecçäo com o DNA da células MCF-7 a condensaçäo cromatínica excedeu aquela das células transformadas por transfecçäo com o oncogene c-H-ras. Admite-se que isto seja uma diferente resposta clonal de células NH/3T3 após transfecçäo com oncogenes ras ou seja causado pela composiçäo do DNA transfectado, o qual compreendia o genoma total de células MCF-7