ABSTRACT
To determine the prevalence rates of refractive errors in Mashhad, Iran. In this population-based study, random cluster sampling was performed on the urban population of Mashhad and of 4453 selected individuals, 70.4% participated in the study. Refractive errors were assessed using cycloplegic refraction in participants who were 15 years of age. The prevalence of myopia and hyperopia in individuals 15 years of age was 22.36% [95% CI: 24.66 to 20.06] and 34.21% [95 CI: 36.85 to 31.57], respectively. The prevalence of astigmatism and anisometropia were 25.64% and 5.84, respectively. Astigmatism and anisometropia were significantly more [p=0.005] and less [p=0.048] prevalent in females, respectively. Anisometropia, astigmatism and hyperopia were found to be increased with age. This study highlighted the valuable information on refractive errors in Mashhad. Hyperopia was the most common refractive error. In addition to subjects who were between 5 to 15 years of age, refractive errors were also prevalent among older people; therefore, more attention should be paid to the correction of refractive errors in these groups
ABSTRACT
Purpose: to evaluate the predictability, efficacy, and safety of iris-claw Artisan[TM]phakic intraocular lenses for myopia
Methods: through a prospective clinical study, 35 eyes of 21 patients with myopia from -5 to 26.5 diopters underwent implantation of the Artisan lens. Patients were examined 1, 3, and 7 days [all eyes]; 1 month [28 eyes], 3 months [29 eyes], and 6 months [32 eyes] after the procedure. A thorough ophthalmic examination including endothelial cell count, pachymetry, and topography was performed before and after the operation
Results: mean age of the patients was 31.6 years [range, 18-43]. Mean spherical equivalent [SE] changed from -15.71 +/- 4.90 diopters [D] before surgery to -0.65 +/- 0.94 D at 1 month, -0.58 +/- 1.10 D at 3 months, and -0.56 +/- 0.89 D 6 months after surgery. At 6 months, 15 eyes [46.9%] had uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better and 23 eyes [71.9%] had SE within +/- 1.00 D of emmetropia. Two eyes lost 1 line and two eyes lost 2 lines of best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA], no eye lost more than 3 lines. Twenty-one eyes [65.6%] gained one to three lines of BCVA. Mean endothelial cell count changed from 2889 at baseline to 2823 at three months [P= 0.002]. There was no significant change in corneal pachymetry. Sterile endophthalmitis was seen in 4 eyes 1.5 months postoperatively which was treated successfully by corticosteroid therapy. No angle closure glaucoma or ocular hypertension was seen at postoperative visits
Conclusion: implantation of Artisan phakic lens was found to be predictable and efficient for correction of myopia. Its effect on corneal endothelium should be considered and more investigations are recommended