Epidemiological study of youth mental health using strengths and difficulties questionnaire [SDQ]

Prevention and treatment of youths` mental disorders are important, not just for to diminish their present problems but to improve their functions in adulthood. This study was performed to evaluate the mental health status of 6-18 years old youths in a community-based sample using the strength and difficulties questionnaire [SDQ]. Parent of 2000 youths [6-18 years old] were selected from 250 clusters from different municipality areas of Isfahan, Iran and they responded to extended version of SDQ parent`s form. The mean score in each subscale and prevalence of symptom and relation with some demographic features were determined. The total score of SDQ was 26%, means that 26% of youth had psychiatric problems. By determining the sub-scale score, it reveals that conduct disorder [34.7%] was the most common problem in youth followed by peer relationship problems [25.4%], emotional problems [24.5%], hyperactivity [23%] and impairment of prosocial behavior [5.7%]. Our findings showed that mental health of youth population in Isfahan especially the conduct problem needs more attention

[Relationship of mother's depression and child enuresis]

Functional enuresis, as a common psychiatric problem in children, can cause depression in mothers and also low quality of life. Considering the fact that the family has an important role in mental health of their child, it can be expected that the mother's depression can cause enuresis in her child. Up to now there had been no study about the relationship of mother's depression and child enuresis. The present study is designed with the aim of evaluating this association. In this descriptive analytic cross sectional case-control study, 48 girls and 48 boys with the diagnosis of enuresis based on criteria of DSM-IV-TR that were admitted to the clinics of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, from 2004-2005 were selected as the case group and 96 children without enuresis [48 girls and 48 boys] as the control group. The average age of both groups was 9 years. Then the mothers of the children of both groups answered to the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]. The prevalence of depression in case group was significantly higher than the control group [P<0.001]. The prevalence of depression in mothers with enuretic girls was significantly more than the enuretic boys [P<0.04]. But the relative prevalence of depression of non enuretic girl's mothers didn't show significant difference from the non enuretic boy's mothers. Enuresis in children, especially in girls, is accompanied by increased prevalence of mother depression as compared with the control group. So in treatment of enuresis, especially in girls, attention to the treatment of mother's depression and her support is crucial

effect of couple's dialogue technique on marital conflicts and child behavior in Iranian couples

Marital conflicts have great impact on social, economic and cultural aspects of the couples and their children. New Psychological interventions like [Imago Relationship Therapy] [IRT] have been widely used for resolving these conflicts. This study examined the efficacy of couple dialogue technique on marital relationship and children's behavior in Iranian society. In a Clinical Trial study eighty consecutive couples refered to general pediatric clinics due to their children's diseases, randomly allocated to intervention group [couple dialogue technique] and control group [consult usual treatment method] in consultation center. They filled [Distance and Isolation Questionnaire] and [Gottmann Love and Respect Scale] at baseline, post treatment and three months after intervention as follow up all of them. General linear Model with Repeated Measurements was used to analyze the data. In this study, scores of mutual love and respect in marital relationship [Gottmann scale] and scores in Flooding, Loneliness and Retreatment subscales of Distance and Isolation Questionnaire had a better condition in IRT group just after the trial [P < 0.05]; but after three months, the differences between two groups were only marginal significant [P < 0.1]. In Parallel lives subscale, scores were decreased in two groups, but right after trial there was not significant scores of the groups did not difference between scores. Scores after three months in IRT group was significantly lower in compare to control group. Scores of CBCL have not statistically significant differences in both groups at any time [P > 0.05]. This study revealed couple dialogue technique was an effective intervention in solving marital conflicts in Iranian population but had not a significant effect on children's behavioral profile. This may be due to other factors or insufficient duration of intervention and needs more investigation and needs more investigation

Sexual dysfunction in menopausal women and the socioeconomic state

Socioeconomic problems, would affect the people in all stages of life, especially the menopausal period. In this stage of life, the women experience loss of social positions, and responsibilities. The current study was carried out to assess the relationship between the socioeconomic state and sexual dysfunction in menopausal period. This is an analytic, cross-sectional study, carried out on 174 menopausal, married women who were selected from the patients visited in heath centers and social security centers in Isfahan. The data was gathered by questionnaire and analyzed using chi square and Mantel haenszel tests, by SPSS software. Findings of the study demonstrated that there is a significant statistical correlation between the sexual dysfunction and the family's economic state, the housing, education level of women and her husband and women's occupation. In contrast, husbands' occupation did not correlate with the sexual dysfunction. It could be concluded that higher education level result in higher income and better jobs and social positions. So, better socioeconomic state could be mentioned as an effective factor in preventing menopausal sexual dysfunction

[Efficacy of psychological intervention on problems of siblings of mental retarded children]

The prevalence of emotional - behavioral disorders in the normal sibling of mental disabled children is 1/6 -2 times as the normal population. This can affect deeply the future of these children. The aim of this research is to consider cognitive- behavioral intervention as a way to decrease the sibling's problem. This study was performed as randomized clinical trials on 32 siblings [aged between 6-12 year old] of mental disabled children in 2003 in child guidance clinic, Isfahan. The data collection tool included clinical interview according to DSM-IV- TR criteria and Rutters questionnaire. Generally, the prevalence of emotional- behavioral problems of siblings of mental disabled children were 53.2 percent, the mean score for Rutters questionnaire was J7.08 +/- 5.6 and 14.66 +/- 5.63 before and after intervention respectively [P=0.001]. But there wasn't significant difference between pre and post test in control group [P= 0.4]. The results showed that cognitive and behavioral interventions, reduces the emotional and behavioral problems in the sibling of mental disabled children

relation between socioeconomic factors with sexual dysfunctions in menopausal women

Although people at different age groups are involved in problems caused by soocioeconomic conditions but it is more monopoly at the sensitive age of menopause. The reason is that during this period people experience lack of social status as well as more responsibilities. The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of socioeconomic factors on sexual dysfunctions. This is an analytic descriptive study for which the data were collected by cross-sectional method. In this study, 174 married menopausal women refering to health centers to receive health care were selected. The data were collected by questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods, x2 [th] Mantel Haenszel, and x2 test were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that variables such as socioeconomic status, education, husbands' education and job are associated with sexual dysfunction in menopausal period but husbands' job has no association with sexual dysfunction in menopausal period. Regarding the results, high education can bring about a better job, high income and promote social condition. As a result, suitable socioeconomic condition is the factor to prevent sexual disfunctions

Adult colonic intussusception

Adult colonic intussusception is an uncommon condition. It constitutes about 5% of all cases of bowel obstruction. It is often of the secondary type and carcinoma is the primary disease in about 60% cases. In this paper a case is presented and investigation and management discussed

Chronic acalculous cholecystitis

Chronic acalculous cholecystitis is a controversial disorder, and surgeons are reluctant to perform cholecystectomy in the absence of clear evidence of biliary calculi. This report describes the clinical picture, investigations, and results of cholecystectomy in 20 patients diagnosed as having chronic acalculous cholecystitis. All the patients had right upper quadrant pain, highly suggestive of gallbladder origin. In six patients ultrasonography and cholecystography were completely normal, two patients showed evidence of "biliary sludge" in the gallbladder, and in the remaining 12 patients, the sole abnormality was ultrasonographic demonstration of a thickened gallbladder wall. At assessment 1 year after cholecystectomy, 17 patients were completely relieved symptoms, two were improved, and only one patient failed to benefit. Despite the increasing sophistication of biliary tract investigative methods, the diagnosis of chronic acalculous cholecytitis remains predominantly clinical. In the presence of typical symptoms, and with exclusive of other upper abdominal pathology, cholecystectomy successfully relieves the majority of symptoms