Trends in outpatient cataract surgery in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2006–2010

This study aimed to determine the trends in outpatient cataract surgery and its determinants in the Islamic Republic of Iran between 2006 and 2010. In this cross-sectional study, 106 cataract surgery centres were selected in all provinces by multistage randomized cluster sampling. The number of centres in each province was determined from the number of cataract operations and the number of patient charts examined in each centre was proportionate to the number of cataract operations in that centre. The prevalence of outpatient surgery increased from 46.0% [95% CI, 35.3-56.8] in 2006 to 51.4% [95% CI, 40.2-62.7] in 2010 [P = 0.549]. Patients stayed in hospital for more than one night after 10.5% [95% CI, 6.9-14.1] of operations. Use of phacoemulsification and topical anaesthesia increased the prevalence of outpatient surgery and decreased intraoperative complications. Although outpatient cataract surgery increased by 11.7%, use of methods such as phacoemulsification is not widespread, and more attention should be paid to the barriers to outpatient cataract surgery in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Contributions of public and private sectors to the Iranian cataract surgery output

This study determined trends in the contributions of the public and private sectors to the cataract surgery output in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Data about cataract surgeries performed at surgical centres throughout the nation were extracted from patient charts for a 5-year period from 2006 to 2010. Of the total 516 273 surgeries performed in 2010, more were done in public sector centres [61.7%] than private ones [38.3%]. The total number of surgeries increased by 59.1% between 2006 and 2010. Analysis of the relative contributions of the public and private sectors showed a 41.0% increase in surgeries in public centres and 100.5% in private centres over the 5-year period. Thus the rate of growth of cataract surgery in the private sector was 2.7 times greater than that in the public sector. Despite a smaller contribution to the total number of cataract surgeries, the private sector has experienced a substantial rate of growth

[ effect of rigid gas permeable contact lens fitting in corneal curvature, central thickness and volume]

Evaluation of the corneal curvature, central thickness and volume three months after fitting the Rigid Gas Permeable [RGP] contact lens in keratoconic eyes. Corneal topography maps of 25 keratoconic eyes with a negative history of using the RGP lens were evaluated by Oculus Pentacam. Corneal curvature in both surfaces of the cornea, central corneal thickness and corneal volume were evaluated before and three months after fitting the aspheric RGP lens. Three months after using the contact lens, decrease in central corneal thickness [-3.43 micro m, P=0.127], decrease in flattest anterior corneal surface power [-0.43D, P=0.339], decrease in anterior corneal steep power [-1.54D, P=0.358], decrease in posterior corneal flat power [-0.1D, P=0.121], an increase in posterior corneal steep power [0.02D, P=0.710] and an increase in corneal volume [0.27 mm[3] P=0.331] were not statistically significant. Lack of significant changes in corneal topographical parameters three months after using the RGP lens may indicate the non progressive nature of keratoconus in this period. Further studies with longer follow-up periods are suggested to obtain more accurate results

[ rate of cataract surgery in Khorasan Razavi, 2006-2010]

To determine the trend of the cataract surgical rate in Khorasan Razavi Province between 2006 and 2010. Five centers were randomly selected from the cataract surgery centers of Khorasan Razavi Province. Using the definition of more than 3000 cataract surgeries per year for a major center, 3 centers were major and 2 were minor. One week of each season was randomly selected for each center and the number of cataract surgeries in that particular week was calculated. A total of 20 weeks for each center were selected. Finally, a percentage of the records, proportionate to the number of surgeries per week, were thoroughly analyzed. The total number of cataract surgeries was estimated 21388, 22750, 23888, 28063, and 30100 from 2007 to 2011, respectively. The cataract surgical rate, considering the population of Khorasan Razavi province, increased linearly from 3782 [95% CI 3732-3833] in 2007 to 5021 [95% CI 4965-5078] in 2011 per 1,000,000 people. In addition, the types of surgeries were intracapsular, extracapsular, phacoemulsification, lensectomy in which were recorded as 0.3%, 15.1%, 84.56%, and 0.1% of the cases, respectively. During the five years of the study, phacoemulsification increased significantly from 74.7% in 2007 to 90.4% in 2011 while the extracapsular method decreased from 14.7% to 9.2% in the same period of time. About 0.87% of the surgeries developed intraoperative complications. This study reported the cataract surgical rate in Khorasan Razavi province exclusively for the first time. The calculated rate was noticeably better than previous reports and was desirable and acceptable according to the WHO standards. However, with regard to the increase in the elderly population of the province, the rate should be even higher to cover all individuals requiring cataract surgery. Therefore, provision of the cataract surgery facilities, especially for the phacoemulsification, and education of this method should receive priority in the health system of this province

[First and second order generalized estimating equations and it's application in analyzing longitudinal microleakage data]

Longitudinal data are frequently obtained in medical studies. When the main aim of a study is marginal modeling of the mean and the correlation structure is considered as a nuisance parameter, the first- order generalized estimating equations [GEE1] is usually an appropriate option. However, when the modeling of correlation structure is considered the aim of a study, the second- order generalized estimating equations [GEE2] may be the first choice for analyzing the available data. The aim of the study was to evaluate application of first- and second-order generalized estimating equations to analyze longitudinal microleakage data. In this study, GEE1 and GEE2 methods were used to analyze data obtained from a study of microleakage in two root- end filling materials [CEM and MTA] in two different thicknesses and two diameters at three different times of measurement [one day, one week and one month after treatment]. The obtained results from these statistical approaches were compared in continuous and binary [presence of absence] microleakage data. The results from the GEE1 and GEE2 methods showed that time of measurement, material type, diameter and thickness of filling material had significant effects on [continuous] microleakage rate. In addition, in binary microleakage data, these methods revealed that only time and material type were the significant factors. The correlations between measurements were not significant in continuous data, while they were significant in binary response microleakage data. Since the correlations between pairs of measurements were not significant in continuous microleakage data and the obtained estimates were similar in both GEE1 and GEE2 methods, so the simpler GEE1 method seems to be adequate for these data. In contrast, in binary microleakage data, significant correlations were found between measurements. Therefore, in this case the GEE2 methodology may be used to estimate the correlation structure more efficiently

Quality of life in the group of patients with chronic eye disease

To assess vision related quality of life and determinants in patients afflicted with chronic eye disease. In this analytical cross-sectional study, consecutive sampling was performed at Noor Eye Hospital between 2008 and 2009. A valid and standard 39-item visual functioning questionnaire [National Eye Institute visual functioning questionnaire, NEI-VFQ 39] was completed. The questionnaire consists of 11 domains related to vision and one domain about general health. The total score range from zero [0] to 100, where a higher score reflects better vision related quality of life. The independent t-test, pearson correlation coefficient as well as simple and multiple linear regression models were employed for statistical analysis. The mean overall score in patient and control groups were 54.5 [95% confidence interval [Cl] 57.3 -71.8] and 96.0 [95% CI: 88.2-103.9], respectively. Patients with cataracts had the highest score [64.6; 95%CI: 57.3 - 71.8] and those with visual acuity of 20/70 or worse showed lowest scores [41.9; 95%CI: 30.7 - 53.1]. Age [P=0.006] and education level [0.001] were associated with quality of life score. Based on our study findings, it could be concluded that low vision patients with a visual acuity of 20/70 or worse hardly received half of the total scores. Diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and cataract stand in ascending rank order. The relatively lower scores as compared to results from other countries warrant further research into the causes of such differences

[Antioxidant effect of ziziphus vulgaris, portulaca oleracea, berberis integerima and gundelia tournefortti on lipid peroxidation, Hb glycosylation and red blood cell hemolysis]

Oxidative damage may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Antioxidant could help to protect against oxidative stress related disorders. We studied the antioxidant effects of some plants, namely, Ziziphus vulgaris, Portulaca oleracea, Berberis integerima, Gundelia tournefortti on the above mentioned reactions. Ethanolic and water extracts of the mentioned plants were prepared in three different concentrations: 2.5, 5 and 10 micro g/ml. Hepatocytes of rat were exposed to AAPH. The amount of Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transferase [SGOT] released from membrane lipid peroxidation was also measured in presence and absence of the plant extract. The changes of hemoglobin [Glycosylation[and red blood cell hemolysis were measured in the presence and absence of the extract. The percent of oxidation inhibition was compared with that in control subjects. The results showed all plants had antioxidant effects on hemolysis of red blood cell. The highest extent of hemolysis inhibition of red blood cell was due to Ziziphus. The highest glycosylation inhibition of hemoglobin was shown by Gundelia and Berberis. Portulaca, Gundelia and Berberis decreased SGOT release from hepatocytes, but the least extent of lipid peroxidation inhibition was shown by Ziziphus. This study showed that the plants have an antioxidant effect and they can be probably used as an antioxidant in food supplement in diabetic, atherosclerotic and liver disease patients

Clinical and radiographic success of vital pulp therapy using marginal regression model

Root canal therapy [RCT] is the gold standard and commonly used treatment for pulpitis. However, regarding the importance of tooth survival, pulpotomy has become of great concern. The aim of this study was to compare the RCT and vital pulp therapy treatment in teeth with irreversible pulpitis. This was a clinical trial carried out in 4 provinces of Iran including Khorasan Razavi, Tehran, Yazd, and Pars in 2008. Patients were randomly allocated into three arms: The RCT, pulpotomy with CEM, and pulpotomy with MTA. Periapical lesion and percussion test were evaluated at baseline, 6th and 12th month follow ups. Data were analyzed using marginal regression and generalized estimating equations by SAS software version 9.1. The odds ratio of periapical lesion in RCT group was 5.07 times higher than that of pulpotomy with MTA and 3.25 times higher than CEM cement group [P<.001]. The difference between MTA and CEM cement groups was insignificant, statistically. Also, the odds ratio of percussion test failed to show any statistically significant difference in treatment group. In addition, neither the age nor the gender influenced the percussion test and periapical lesion responses, statistically. Regarding the data found in our study, Pulpotomy can be considered as an alternative treatment for RCT

relative risk factors of the injuries caused by accidents in Mashhad roads in 2007

In most societies nowadays, accidents are considered as the second most probable cause of death. A big ratio of this is related to the traffic accidents. This report aims at recognizing the accidents which cause casualties around Mashhad's roads. In a case-control study, the cases were drivers who had accidents in these roads with casualties and the controls were the drivers having accidents in same locations but with no casualties. Variables were age, sex, seat belt, spontaneous combustion at the accident, trapping at the accident, falling out of the vehicle at the accident, music playing in the vehicle at the time of the accident, using cell phone, the direction of the accident, the time, smoking at the time of the accident, and the model of the vehicle in both groups. Ninety percent of the cases and 93% of the controls were able or willing to be interviewed while 16.2% and 23.4% of the cases and controls were female. The distribution of males in the case and control group was 83.8% and 76.6% respectively. The age of the case and control groups was 35.5 +/- 10.5 and 39.4 +/- 9.8 years. The use of seat belt as a safety factor was significantly more in the control group [OR=0.44]. Combustion was 21% seen in the case group at the time of the accident, but the same occurred in the control group only in 1.3% of the accidents. The trapping and falling out of the vehicle were significantly more in the case group. Fastening seat belt had a significant positive effect on reducing the injuries caused by the accidents. Age as another significant indicator showed a great influence in the danger factor caused by the road accidents which can be reduced by means of media information

Association of breast artery calcification with coronary artery disease and carotid intima-media thickness in premenopausal women

This study investigated whether breast arterial calcification [BAC] has an association with coronary artery diseases [CAD] in young premenopausal women and evaluated the association of BAC with carotid intima-media thickness and standard CAD risk factors. Among 84 premenopausal women aged < 55 years who were referred for coronary angiography, 34 [40.5%] had abnormal angiographic findings and 6 [7.1%] showed BAC in their mammograms. The body mass index of patients with BAC was significantly higher than those without BAC. BAC had no significant association with angiography-confirmed CAD

[Noise pollution in Zanjan city in 2007]

Noise pollution is an important environmental problem that may cause hazardous effects, such as hearng loss, sleep disorders, hypertension and digestive problems in communities. To prevent these effects, achieving recommended standards of noise pollution measuring in cities is mandatory. This study was aimed to evaluate noise pollution in zanjan city in 2007. For measuring environmental noise levels, 64 samples were selected in 2 weeks. They were selected from 16 residential and commercial areas, 4 times daily [morning, noon, evening and night]. Noise indices were measured in A weight channel. Measurements at considered stations were gathered using a sound meter apparatus model cel-268. The maximum equivalent sound level, in A weight channel was detected at night from Sadre Jahan crossroad and at day from Sadi crossroad, being 72db and 77.7db respectively. Significant difference was seen between equivalent sound levels of night and noon [P=0.048] and night and evening [P=0.03]. It was concluded that Zanjan city noise pollution at both residential and commercial areas is higher than that of international standards in most instances. The results were also similar to the findings of other studies in Iran

[Dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in tehranian adults Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study [TLGS]]

Recent studies have shown that dairy consumption is inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome. Calcium and vitamin D, two major components of dairy products, have been postulated as being primarily responsible for the beneficial effect of dairy consumption. The objective was to examine whether and to what extent intakes of calcium and vitamin D are related to the metabolic syndrome in adults. In this population-based cross sectional study, a representative sample of 808 subjects [male and female] aged 18-74 y were randomly selected. Subjects were categorized based on quartile cut-points of dietary intakes of calcium and vitamin D. Multivariate logistic regression was used in 4 models to compare different dietary intake levels of calcium and vitamin D adjusted for lifestyle and nutritional confounders. Each model was additionally adjusted for more variables than the previous one. After adjusting for age, calories, smoking status, exercise, BMI and parental history of myocardial infarction before age 60 years, dietary calcium levels were significantly and inversely associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, and the ORs of having the metabolic syndrome for increasing quartiles of dietary calcium intake were 1.00 [reference], 0.90 [95% CI 0.61-1.04], 0.85 [0.78-0.99] and 0.74 [0.62-0.95]; P for trend <0.02, and was not appreciably altered by additional adjustment for dietary vitamin D intake. Dietary vitamin D was inversely associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome but was not independent of total calcium intake. Similar strong relations between intakes of dairy products and metabolic syndrome were also observed and the multivariable OR comparing highest with lowest intake quartiles was 0.81[0.64-0.98], P for trend <0.03. It is concluded that intakes of calcium and dairy products may be associated with a lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in adults

[Detection of Legionella pneumophila by nested PCR-RFLP and ELISA on urine specimens of pregnant women with respiratory infections]

Pneumonia during pregnancy can induce serious consequences to the mother and the fetus, therefore its diagnosis and therapy is very important. There are few published articles on Legionella infection prevalence during pregnancy. In patients with Legionellosis, bacterial LPS and DNA are excreted into urine for extended periods, so combination of PCR and ELISA methods would be a good diagnostic tool. This research was done to determine the prevalence of L. pneumophila in pregnant women with respiratory infections. This is a cross-sectional study on 95 pregnant women with respiratory infection carried out during winter to summer 2006. Presence of Legionella infection was con-firmed by nested PCR-RFLP and antigen detection in urine specimens by ELISA method. The data were analyzed by SPSS, version 13, by using independent t tests, Fisher's exact test, ?2, a logistic model and McNemar's test, while considering p<0.05 as significant. The prevalence of infection using PCR was 22.1% [CI=14.1%-30.1%] and by ELISA it was 4.2% [CI=2%-8.2%]; this difference was statistically significant [p<0.005]. The most pre-valent clinical features were Cough [56.8%], headache [54.7%], abdominal pain [38.9%], chills [35.8%], fever [22.1%] and diarrhea [8.4%]. There were significant statistical relationships bet-ween cases with a positive CRP and fever, chills and abdominal pain and previous liver or renal problems [p<0.05, p<0.001]. There were significant relationships between fever and chills with ELISA results [p<0.05] but no relationships with other variables. There was a considerable prevalence of this infection in the studied population [22.1%]. It seems that performing PCR and ELISA tests on urine sample is suitable in detecting Legionella species and it can provide results in a less than a day_ a great help in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia especially during pregnancy

Dose Trifolium pratense L. protect against development of fatty Streak in Coronary Arteries?

Phytoestrogens with a biological activity like estradiol are naturally found in many plants. This study was designed to investigate the effect of red clover [RC], a phytoestrogen-rich member of the legume family [Trifolium pratense L.] on the development of atherosclerosis in male hyperlipidemic rabbits. Twenty rabbits were semi-randomly distributed into four groups of five each. Two groups received either normal diet or normal diet supplemented with RC. Two other groups received similar diets to both of which 1% cholesterol was added. Dietary use of RC in hyperlipidemic rabbits significantly decreased C-reactive protein [CRP], triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol [LDL-C] whereas, HDL - cholesterol [HDL-C] was significantly increased in those animals [p<0.05]. Fatty streak formation was also significantly lower in aorta and left and right coronary arteries in the same animals due to use of dietary RC supplementation. These findings suggest that dietary RC may reduce cardiovascular risk factors

Production of Egg Enriched with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Laying Hens

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of flaxseed [0, 5, 10 and 15% of diet] and copper [in the form of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0 and 250 ppm of diet] on fatty acids and cholesterol in egg yolk of laying hens. A total of 128 White Leghorn layers aged 50 weeks were used in a factorial design and randomly assigned to 8 treatment groups. The experiment lasted 120 days. The birds were fed ad libitum on the experimental diets. Cholesterol concentration and fatty acids in plasma and egg yolk were measured monthly and bimonthly, respectively. Egg yolk cholesterol was extracted using modified Folch procedure and measured using Zak's method. The results showed that experimental diets had no effect on plasma cholesterol. The different levels of flax had no significant effects on egg yolk cholesterol but the presence of copper with flax at levels of 5 and 10 percent decreased cholesterol in egg yolk [mg per gram yolk] significantly [P<0.05]. The egg cholesterol [mg per egg] in the group treated with 15% flax without copper also decreased significantly [P<0.05]. The unsaturated fatty acids of egg yolk increased significantly in all experimental diets [P<0.05]. The highest ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids was observed in groups treated with 10% and 15% flax diets. This experiment showed that feeding flaxseed to laying hens can increase omega-3 fatty acids of egg yolk

effect of nicotine gum on blood pressure and heart rate

Smoking is an important risk factor of coronary artery disease. Nicotine replacement therapy [NRT] for smoking cessation should be considered, especially in coronary patients. Twenty-four healthy smokers, smoking 20 cigarettes a day on average for 15 years and with moderate cigarette dependence [according to the Fagershtrum questionnaire score] were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 8 and followed up for 5 days. The first group consisted only of cigarette smokers. The smokers in the second group were given a piece of nicotine gum every two hours. The smokers in the third group were given a piece of non-nicotine gum [placebo] every 2 hours. The subjects' blood pressure and heart rate were checked 12 times during four daily intervals [between 7 AM and 12 PM, 1 PM and 6 PM, 7 PM and 12 PM, 1 AM and 6 AM] and recorded in related forms. Systolic pressure was not significantly different in the three groups, but diastolic blood pressure of cigarette smokers was evidently higher than that of subjects who used nicotine and non-nicotine [placebo] gums. Heart rate in smokers was higher than in nicotine and placebo users [P<0.0001]. It seems that nicotine gum does not act as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Hence in the context of smoking cessation efforts, its prescription to smokers with cardiovascular disease is recommended

[ study of testis agenesia in patients with undescended testis]

Introduction: Cryptorchidism is one of the most common disorders of childhood. This anomaly occurs when the descent of testis inhibited anywhere along it's normal pathway between kidney and scrotum. There isn't any study about testis agenesia in our region and the picture of the disease may be different in this region. The aim of this study, is to determine more clear picture of this disease in our region and to consider that whether not to use diagnostic laparoscopy in this area can be lead to increased false diagnosis of testis agenesia or not

Material and Methods: This study is descriptive and basis of our study is to refer to hospital archive files, from all patients that admitted during 1996-2003, we found those who had UDT, then all of required data including patient's age, unilateral or bilateral UDT, associated disease, site of UDT, diagnostic procedures, and first symptoms were extracted and then we analyzed this data

Results: Out of 7200 patients that admitted during 1996-2003 yrs, 235 patients had UDT, according to this data the relative frequency of UDT is 3.26%. Regarding to age of patients most patients were in 5-14 y/o [41.3%]. According to associated disease 14% had contralateral UDT, 8.1%had inguinal hernia, 1.7% had hypospadiasis, 6% had hydrocele, 0.9% had torsion of testis and 3% had infertility. Regarding to anatomic site of descent cessation, intracanalicular in 61.4% pts. Superficial inguinal pouch in 16.1% pts, intraabdominal in 14% pts, suprapubic region in 0.9% pts and agenesis of testis in 7.6% pts was found

Conclusion: According to this survey, the relative frequency of UDT was relative common and the most of operated patients are in higher range of age group [5-14yo]. Which shows necessity of public education and also high incidence of testis agenesia [7.6%] suggests using of preoperative diagnostic laparoscopy in patients with nonpalpable testis

KAP study on smoking in Iranian medical doctors

Smoking is one of the major health problems worldwide and health politicians, especially medical doctors can play a key role in preventing and controlling of this global epidemic among their patients. To evaluate the physicians knowledge, attitude and practice [KAP] towards smoking. This was a descriptive analytical study in which the target population included all general physicians employed in state-run or private sectors. A total of 5140 GPs in 20 provinces of the country were randomly chosen based on available information from health care organization. Data were collected using questionnaires completed by educated questioners. The prevalence of smoking among general physicians was 7.43% [9.7% in males and 0.8% in females]. Regular smoking was found in 1.79% of women and 10.37% of men and the average of cigarettes used by smokers was 6.6 per day. The average age to start smoking was 23.04 +/- 5.7 years. Most doctors [90%] believed in necessity of education to quit smoking manners. Although the prevalence of smoking among GPs found to be less than the general population, regarding the important of their roles, inclusion of extra educational sessions on tobacco control and prevention methods in universities seems to be of prime necessity. This will eventually cause a decrease in prevalence of smoking among this important shell of the society

prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection by molecular analysis of urine samples in women attending OB and GYN clinics in Tehran

Chlamydia trachomatis is a common and curable STI which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Nowadays, PCR is a very sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting Chlamydia in urine and can be used in routine screening procedures as a noninvasive test. There are few studies on the prevalence of C. trachomatis in Iranian women and most of them have small sample sizes which are not suitable for epidemiological deductions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of urogenital C. trachomatis infections by PCR on urine samples of women in their fertility years and to evaluate the necessity of screening for asymptomatic infections in Iranian women. This WHO supported descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed on 1052, 15-49 year-old women. Participants were selected randomly from attendees of 5 Obstetric-Gynecologic clinics in Tehran during summer and fall of 2003. The research material consisted of a questionnaire and urine samples which were transported to Avesina Research Institute daily to extract their DNA and prepare them for PCR tests. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS, version 11, and evaluated statistically by t-test, Chi-square, variance analysis and logistic regression, while considering p<0.05 as significant. The mean age of participants was 28.52 +/- 6.36 years. 56.2% of them had high school education, 94.2% were married, 91.8% were housewives, 32.5% were pregnant, 93.8% were sexually active, 99% of them were monogamous and 48.1% were on contraceptive methods. Among sexually active and non-pregnant participants, 10.4% were taking OCPs, 8.7% were using condoms, 16.3% had IUDs and the rest were on other contraceptive methods. In their reproductive history, 39% had vaginal discharges, 12.9% pelvic pains, 1% ectopic pregnancies, 21.2% abortions, 6.5% premature deliveries, 2.7% low birth weight infants and 7.2% were infertile. 129 subjects, [12.3%], had positive PCR tests. Statistically, there was no significant relationship between subjects, reproductive and personal histories of the subjects with the test results. Based on the estimated prevalence, it seems that chlamydial infection is prevalent in the studied population. In populations with prevalences higher than 4%, screening programs are recommended, so that Chlamydia screening can be considered as a part of health care programs in Iran to reduce the burden of the disease

[ comparison of oral mucosal clinical reactions to PVDF and silk sutures in albino rabbit]

This study was carried out in order to compare the oral mucosal reactions to silk and poly vinylidene fluoride [PVDF] suture materials in albino rabbit. 21 mature male albino rabbits were selected and under general and local anesthesia suture materials were placed randomly at right and left side of vestibular area of maxillary jaw. The animals were divided into 3 equal groups based on the time of suture removal [3, 5 and 7 days after suturing], and inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosal at sutured area was scored clinically and sutures were removed. The sutured areas in all of the animals were observed 14 days after suturing and the inflammatory reaction was scored again. Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for data analysis. Results showed that in all intervals, inflammatory reactions to PVDF sutures were significantly milder comparing to silk sutures [P<0.05]. Also, later suture removal increased the inflammatory reaction and healing decreased. It can be concluded that in oral surgeries PVDF sutures due to creating milder tissue reactions is preferable to silk suture