ABSTRACT
Introduction: However pregnancy is Seems a Pleasure time of women`s life, but the physiologic changes during this time has caused high levels of stress in the mothers. Since optimism is one of the most important personality factors in choosing coping strategies to overcome the challenges created by pregnancy, thus the present study was performed to investigate the relationship between optimism and prenatal coping strategies
Methods: This correlational-descriptive study was carried out in 500 pregnant women referring to health centers of Mashhad in 2014 were selected based on random sampling method. Instruments include: Life orientation test- Revised scale and the Revised Prenatal Coping Inventory. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using descriptive statistics, spearman correlation and regression at the significant level of p<0.05
Results: In the current study, there was a significant direct correlation Between optimism and Planning-Preparation Coping [p<0.001, r=0.74], and Spiritual-Positive Coping [p<0.001, r=0.73]. A significant Reverse correlation Between optimism and Avoidance Coping [p<0.001, r=-0.76]
Conclusions: optimism was a positive correlation with Planning-Preparation Coping and Spiritual-Positive and negative correlation with Avoidance Coping
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: Self-efficacy is a modifiable psychological variable in sustained breastfeeding that is defined as a mother's confidence in her perceived ability for successful and exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness of "Hands on" and" Hands off" methods on breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous mothers
Materials and Methods: In this experimental single-blind study, 124 primiparous women were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Participants in the experimental group received one of the structured one-on-one educational sessions [i.e., hands-off or hands-on] within the first two hours of giving birth to her child. Mothers in control group received usual postpartum care. Follow-up assessments were conducted one, four, and eight weeks after the birth. Data collection was done through interview forms, examination and observation, checklist of breastfeeding status, breastfeeding self-efficacy and dailyfeeding form. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis and correlation coefficient [p<0.05 was considered as significance level and test power of 80% was estimated]
Results: Mean score of self efficacy in the first week of handsoff and hands-on groups were 59.9 +/- 4.78 and 54.59 +/- 7.55 respectively; it was 56.6+/-8.93 in the routine care participants. In the fourth week, the figure amounted to 63.28 +/- 6.63 and 58.78 +/- 9.05 respectively; also, in the routine care participants it was 56.1 +/- 9.04. But in the eighth week, the figures were 66.7 +/- 5.3 and 61.7 +/- 8.4 respectively; it was 60.9 +/- 6.2 in the routine group. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated the three between treatment durations [p=0.000]
Conclusion: The hands-off education increased breastfeeding self efficacy in the first eight weeks after birth