Limitations and contraindications of endoscopic surgery in frontal sinus disease

Endoscopic sinus surgery has recently achieved much progress in the management of frontal sinus diseases. However, conventional transfacial surgery of the frontal sinus still has an important role to play. Four cases of frontal sinus diseases managed externally were discussed to present different limitations and contraindication of transnasal endoscopic approach to the frontal sinus

Resistance of haemophilus influenzae isolates from pediatric patients

This study compared the in vitro activity of various antibiotics [ampicillin, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cefuiroxime, ceftriaxone, cefixime, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole] against 658 strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from pediatric patients attending a large general hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia between May 1992 and April 1994. Patients were admitted with the diagnoses of septicaemia, pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis or conjunctivitis. The activity of the antibiotics tested was evaluated by disc diffusion using Haemophilus test medium and National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Beta-lactamase production was detected using cefinase discs. Ampicillin resistance was found in 18.5% of isolates, mainly [17.1%] of the beta-lactamaseproducing type. The ampicillin-resistant, beta-Iactamase-nonproducing strains were relatively resistant to all other beta-lactam antibiotics tested. Ciprofloxacin showed 99% susceptibility, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole 50% and erythromycin showed 37% susceptibility mostly in the intermediate category

Rotavirus gastroenteritis among pediatric admissions at Al Mana general hospital[A.G.H],Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

A latex agglutination test was used to determine the incidence of Rotavirus infection in 230 infants and children with a diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis admitted to the pediatrics ward at AI Mana General Hospital, Dammam, Eastern province, Saudi Arabia. Rotavirus was detected in 98 cases [42.6]. The highest incidence occurred in the 7 - 12 month age group. There was no significant sex difference. Rotavirus was detected over the whole period of the study, with a peak incidence from September through November, and a slighty lesser peak in February, A bacterial etiology was found in 38% of the cases. There was an overall success rate of about 82% in detecting an etiology for the gastroenteritis. Rotavirus was clearly the most common single agent responsible for acute gastroenteritis especially in the younger age groups

Endotracheal tube tip cultures in ventilated newborns

In this study 144 cultures of endotracheal tube tips from 82 newborns ventilated for various reasons were done to determine the pattern of bacterial colonization in their respiratory tracts. In the first week of ventilation 70% of the cultures were sterile, with the remaining cultures growing mainly gram +ve organisms constituting part of the normal respiratory flora. The incidence of sterile cultures decreased with the duration of ventilation and gram -ve organisms predominated after the second week. Blood and urine cultures done failed to correlate with the E.T. tube culture results. It is concluded that the limited value of endotracheal tube tip cultures does not justify being a routine practice on ventilated babies in the neonatal intensive care nursery, especially if they are already under antibiotic cover

Evaluation of the accuracy of endoscopic versus pathologic mapping of laryngeal carcinoma

27 patients with operable carcinoma of the larynx who underwent primary laryngectomies without previous radiotherapy were the material of this prospective study. The accuracy of direct laryngoscopy in mapping the tumor and its spread was compared with the pathologic findings in the post surgical specimens [using the whole organ laryngeal sectioning technique]. Sensitivity of direct laryngoscopy to diagnose tumor at each laryngeal site was calculated. Site- specific diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy is pointed out

contribution to the study of the diagnosis and management of the solitary thyroid nodule

Forty nine patients with a solitary nodule of the thyroid gland were clinically examined, investigated and managed surgically. Investigations included laboratory serum estimations, fine needle aspiration biopsy, thyroid ultrasonography and scanning as well as histopathological examination of a surgical specimen. The diagnostic role of clinical examination and the investigations carried out was discussed. It was found that the only reliable diagnostic tool to achieve a definite diagnosis and to differentiate accurately between benign and malignant solitary thyroid nodules has been the histopathological examination. This study showed that surgical excision should be the recommended practice for all solitary thyroid nodules

Investigation of anthocyanin content of petals of ipoemea carne L growing in Egypt

Five anthocyanin pigments were isolated from petals of flowers of Ipoemea carne L. [Family Convolvulaceae] and identified by their chromatographic, spectral and chemical properties. This study revealed the presence of cyanidin 3 B-rhamnoside, cyanidin 3,5 B-diglucoside, petunidin 3 B-galactoside, peonidin 3 B-arabinoside and pelargonidin 3 B-sophoroside 7 B-glucoside