[Assessment of hospital sterilizer equipments performance and related effective factors]

For controlling the nosocomial infections in the hospitals, use of sterilizer devices such as: steam autoclave, chemiclave, Gas plasma, Oven and Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide are approved. According to standardized directions, these equipments needs to be tested physically, chemically and biologically continuously. The most trusted way for sterilization monitoring is the biologic one. The main purpose of this study is to assess the performances of the sterilizer devices, that are presented in affiliated hospitals to Tehran University of medical sciences with biologic monitoring way. This is a cross - sectional study conducted in all 135 devices that are presented in CSR units of 14 hospitals and related responsible staff. In this study, sterilization process was assessed by using of spores, microbial vials and culturing of the samples and also, the Knowledge of CSR personnel was measured by a valid and reliable questionnaire. We have used, T-Test for data analysis in this study. 14 out Of 135 devices [10.4%] were not in good function, there was a significant relationship between age of personnel and their knowledge. There were significant relations between the sex [0.001], educational grade [0.02], years of experiences, and the knowledge of the staff [P=0.001] and also CSR unit area in this study. This study suggests that hospitals must have CSR units with sufficient area and educated personals in related fields. They must also regularly educate the staff, especially males that are responsible in CSR units

Assessing the compatibility rates of governmental dentistry centers of Tehran with desirable infection control criteria and the factors involved, 2004

Dentistry systems should meet criteria of infection controls. Higher compatibility will result in more desirable system situation. To determine the conformation rates of governmental dentistry centers located in south and southwest of Tehran with desirable criteria for infection control and the affecting factors. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study performed on 74 governmental dentistry centers in south and south west of Tehran province in 2004. Achecklist including 10 axes was used to investigate 141 identities for their conformity to meet infectious control criteria via direct observation. Following the analysis of data by SPSS-V11.5 and the application of t-test and Chi square test, the situation of centers were placed into three rankings as follows: Under expected [75%]. Their desirable degree was tested by 10 presumptive effective factors. Among 74 investigated centers in the study, 40 centers were located in the south of Tehran, 24 in Shahr-e-Rey, and 10 in Islamshahr with a mean conformation to desirable criteria of 56.3, 52.5, and 60.1%, respectively. Collectively, 12 centers [16.2%] were placed in under expected, 60 centers [81.1%] in medium, and 2 centers [2.7%] in desirable ranking. Availability of dentists with specialty, being a member of academic staff, and the presence of dental clinic in university hospitals were found to produce a significant impact towards the desirability, statistically [p<0.05]. According to our findings, monitoring and solving the problems of centers with under expectable limit to meet the desirable criteria is suggested

Assessment of sleep deprivation and fatigue among general surgery residen's: Is it necessary to reduce residents' work hours?

General surgery residents are in chronic partial sleep deprivation during their training years at hospital. Chronic sleep deprivation adversely affects their mood, behavior, social relationship, learning ability, decision making, and patient care. Adverse effects of sleep deprivation on carefulness and precision, promptitude, hand skills, and dexterity of surgeons have been shown in different studies. The aim of present study was to estimate the degree of sleepiness among general surgery residents and obtaining their views about consequences of sleep deprivation and fatigue. This cross sectional study was performed on general surgery resiaents in Sina, Imam Khomeini, and Shariati Hospitals in Tehran, using a 38-item quantitative structured questionnaire. Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] was used for assessment of sleepiness degree. Forty eight general surgery residents were entered to the study. Average weekly work hours were/40-160 for first and second year residents and 100-120 for third and fourth year residents. Mean ESS score was 11.6 +/- 0.69 [range, 3-21], which indicated moderate sleepiness. Twenty percent of residents were in the severe range of sleepiness. From the studied residents, 52.1% believed that sleep deprivation anti fatigue had a major impact on their personal life, and 3 1.3% of them believed these 6ictors had major impact on their work, Extended work hours, sleep deprivation, and fatigue lead to sleepiness of general surgery residents and this problem adversely affects their quality of 4fe and performance. Based on the results of this study, revision and modification of general surgery residents' work hours are suggested

Source of learning basic clinical skills by medical interns Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Background: effective clinical teaching is a major objective in general practitioner's education at medical schools

Purpose: to identify the sources of clinical skills learning that medical student experience

Methods: in this cross sectional study, interns of Tehran medical university who spent at least 12 months of their internship answered a questionnaire on the sources of clinical skills training. Chi2 test was used to examine the association of source of learning and students,' specification such as sex, score of pre internship exam, and marital status

Results: all 250 interns who were eligible participated. Over all 46.60% interns learned their clinical skills from residents or clinical teachers, 29.61% observed others performing the procedures, 16.25 learned the skills from hospital staff or nurses, 7.54% practiced their knowledge when confronted to an emergency situation

Conclusion: our results warrant a more attentive approach to clinical skills [specially procedural skills] training