Educational needs of nurses in intensive care unit for poisoned patients

Poisoned patients are at risk of impaired ventilation in many situations. The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the impact of educational workshops on nurses' knowledge, confidence, and attitude in taking care of poisoned patients. This descriptive study was performed on 60 nursing staff in the intensive care unit [ICU] for poisoned patients in Imam Reza [p] hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Data was gathered by a researcher-designed questionnaire. Studied scales included perceived importance and novelty of educational meeting, matching with professional and educational needs, illustration of practical and knowledge weaknesses and strength and finally satisfaction in holding regular workshops annually. Two, half day workshops were held and various items were taught with various methods. The knowledge of participants was assessed by pretests and post-tests consisting of 12 items related to workshop topics. The impact of these educational meetings was evaluated and the results were analyzed by the SPSS software. According to the results, workshops improved awareness of nurses about their weakness and strength points, professional knowledge and their interest and attention; likewise all participants had the same opinion about a strong need to hold similar workshops more than once and preferably 2 to 3 times annually. It seems that short educational courses in small groups for reviewing the old data and recent findings in the context of critical care are useful in order to promote the knowledge and skills of ICU staff in taking care of poisoned patients.

[Treatment effect of onion on sexual behavior after induces an antiepileptic drug [lamotrigine] in male rat]

The medicinal use of onion dates back to ancient China and India. Men with epilepsy have reduced fertility, and antiepileptic drugs may affect semen quality. Disturbances of reproductive endocrine hormones are more often found in men with epilepsy than in the general population. There is an ongoing debate whether this can be attributed to chronic use of antiepileptic drugs or to the epilepsy itself. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial degree of sexual behavior in male rats after inducement onion in lamotrigine receiving groups. Forty wistar rats, randomized into four groups [n=10], were used for this study, five of them male and five of them female. Animals in Group A served as the control and was drinking distilled water. Animals in Groups B: treated with 3cc/rat of onion juice, in Groups C: received10mg/kg/day lamotrigine, in Groups D: received10mg/kg/day lamotrigine plus 3cc/rat of onion juice. In All treatments were for 5 weeks. 48 hours before end of study estradiol benzoate [25 micro gr/kg/day, s.c.] and 6 hours before end of study progesterone 0.3muM were injected. Results showed the percentage of erections and couplings and serum testosterone in onion treated groups were significantly increased [p<0.01] when compared to other groups. onion and its constituents are stated to has antioxidant. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis in diseases. These findings lead to the conclusion that onion significantly lowered the adverse effects of lamotrigine, and can do beneficial effect on sexual behavior in male rat