ABSTRACT
Introduction: self-confidence in adolescents gradually diminishes during puberty due to changes in identity and in their responsibilities. It decreases more in adolescents suffering from chronic disease of diabetes, in whom promotion of self-confidence for self-management behaviors, has a significantly positive effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spiritual care on the self-confidence of adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Materials and Methods: this quasi-experimental clinical trial study was performed on 52 adolescents with type 1diabetes, selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned in two groups, the intervention and control [n=26 each]. The intervention was implemented daily for 6 sessions in the experimental group. Data were collected using the demographic and Rosenberg scale and analysis was done by SPSS-19 software. Descriptive and inferential statistics and repeated measure ANOVA, Mann-Whitney, Fisher, and Chi-square tests were used
Results: the mean scores of self-confidence in the control group before/after the intervention, and also in the follow up period were 0.46, 1.5, and 1.46, respectively. The values in the intervention group were 3.92, 5.69, and 6.38, respectively. Results of analysis of variance showed the significant effects of intervention [p<0.001]
Conclusion: the results indicate the effect of spiritual care on the self-confidence of adolescents with type 1 diabetes, emphasizing that nurses, as part of the health care system, must pay attention to spiritual care and its continuity in the care of these patients
ABSTRACT
Providing, maintaining and promoting health of infants as a vulnerable age group is essential in health-care services. The present research sought to investigate the underlying causes of mortality among infants who were below 1 year old in Bandar Abbas pediatric hospital in 2011. In this descriptive-analytic research the medical files of all deceased infants who maximally aged up to 11 months and died in Bandar Abbas pediatric hospital in 2011 comprised the research population. The data were gathered through a pre-designed checklist, phone call and face-to-face meetings [when required]. The data were later analyzed via SPSS 16. In the study period, 223 infants [65.2%], below one year of age, had died within their first month of life and 119 of them [34.85] had died within the next eleven months. The primary reason for the death of the first group was sepsis while for the second group was prematurity. Such variables as birth weight, delivery type, feeding type, birth type, birth age, pregnancy interval, child abnormalities and parents' educational level were found to be significantly correlated with infant mortality [P<0.05]. It appears that careful attention to low-birth weight infants, raising mothers' and families' medical awareness, promotion of family regulation programs as well as offering standard healthcare before and during pregnancy positively affect the reduction of mortality among very young infants
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is the most common and major important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Rapid socio-economic changes in recent decades has increased the prevalence risk factors of heart diseases - including high blood pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension and respective risk factors in adults of Bandar Abbas in 2012. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, randomized cluster sampling was performed to select 1531 people over 30 years of Bandar Abbas [639 men, 892 women aged 30-70] we used interview and clinical examination for data collection. The instruments collecting data were standard questionnaire and mercurial pressure gauge and portable digital scale. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS Software, using Chi-square test, ttest, and ANOVA. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Prevalence of hypertension in the study was 35.3%. This figure for males was 38% and for females was 33%. The statistical results obtained from this study showed that the prevalence of hypertension with increasing BMI also increases, so that 58.1 percent of subjects had BMI>/=25. A significant difference was obtained between proportion of women [34.94%] and men [23.18%] with BMI greater than 25 [P<0.05]. This study showed high prevalence of hypertension in Bandar Abbas. It seems that BMI, age, sex, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, are leading factors in high blood pressure
ABSTRACT
Globally, the incidence of obesity is rising rapidly, not only in industrialized nations but also in developing countries consistent with which higher vaspin serum concentrations and increased vaspin mRNA expression in human adipose tissue were found to be associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans. The present study is the first investigation in an Iranian population to examine the possible association of vaspin rs2236242 gene polymorphisms with overweight and obesity in Iranian women. This case-control study was conducted on 91 overweight, 47 obese and 133 healthy control women. The Vaspin rs2236242 gene polymorphism was analyzed using the tetra-amplification refractory mutation system-PCR [T-ARMS-PCR] method. T allele frequency was 0.66, 0.76, 0.8 and A allele frequency was 0.34, 0.24, 0.2 for the control group, and overweight and obese patients, respectively. In the dominant genetic model [comparison of AA+AT vs. TT], A allele showed protective effects on overweight [OR:0.49, 95%CI: 0.28-0.84, P: 0.009] and obesity [OR:0.39, 95%CI: 0.19-0.76, P:0.006]. Moreover, TT genotype in vaspin rs2236242 polymorphism are associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity in women. To conclude, study results demonstrate a significant association between vaspin rs2236242 gene polymorphism, and overweight and obesity in Iranian women