Isolation and identification of C. perfringens from field chickens suspected to be infected with Necrotic Enteritis in relation to season

Examined field chickens with signs and lesions of natural infection with necrotic enteritis [NE] revealed the isolation of Clostridium perfringens [C. perfringens] from positive chickens at the rate of 63.33%, 30%, 30% and 66.66% in autumn, winter, spring and summer; respectively. The overall positive samples were 57 out of examined 120 chickens with incidence of 47.5%. Regarding chicken breed, isolation rate in autunm were 65% and 60.0%, in winter 35.0% and 20.0%, in spring 25.0% and 40.0%, in summer 85.0% and 30.0% was recorded out of broilers and layers; respectively. C. perfringens isolates were serologically typed into 24 type A, 3 type C and 30 nontoxigenic isolates. Type A isolates were 5, 2, 6 and 11 in autumn, winter, spring and summer; respectively. While type C isolates were 2 in autumn and 1 in spring. C. perflingens Type A recovered from broiler and layer were 2 and 3, 2 and 0, 4 and 2, 10 and 1 in autumn, winter, spring and summer; respectively. Only 2 isolates of type C were recovered in autumn and I in spring

Synthesis and formulation of some new azines and evaluation of their fungicidal efficiency

Twenty five new 3-cyanopyridine-2[1H]-thione derivatives were synthesized by different routes. Structural elucidation of the prepared compounds was carried out by their correct elemental analyses as well as spectroscopic data [IR, Ms, [1]H-NMR]. Fungicidal activity of the new compounds, on two soil borne fungi, was assayed by food poison technique where, some of the new compounds showed good fungicidal activity. Formulation of the most potent one, in the form of 20% EC, was carried out and its fungicidal activity was evaluated which was found to be more active than the standard fungicide Flutolanil [Moncut 25% WP]

[Newborn of myasthenic mother - a report of three cases]

Neonatal myasthenia gravis is a rare neuromuscular disease. It can be congenital or transient. We report three cases of sick new-borns of myasthenie mother. Clinical manifestations vary. Two of the new-borns have severe disorders and died despite symptomatic treatment. The third one had no respiratory insufficiency. He had only hypomimia and inability to swallow, so that prognosis was better. With this observation, we will discuss some pathophysiological and clinical particularities, as well as the treatment and the prognosis of the neonatal myasthenia gravis

Stenting in acute coronary syndromes

The aim of this study was to assess Early and long-term outcome of intracoronary stent implantation for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. Stenting has historically been contraindicated in thrombus containing lesion because of the risk of subacute thrombosis. With advance in stent implantation technique, and the recognition of the importance of adequate platelet inhibition, the incidence of subacute thrombosis has progressively fallen despite stenting in increasingly complex subset, inducing acute coronary syndromes and thrombus lader lesions. 50 patients with acute coronary syndromes who underwent coronary stenting where included in the study. According to medical history, resting 12 leads ECG, and serum cardiac enzymes, they were divided into 3 groups; the Q-wave Ml group, the non Q-Wave MI group, and the unstable angina group. All patients were treated with Aspirin, Ticlopidine and Heparin regimen. Through out the study period, 60 stents were successfully implanted in 50 patients [100%] success rate], with TIMI grade 3 restored in the whole study population. During hospitalization and at I month follow-up, there was no death, Q-wave MI or emergency CABG in the 3 groups. There was no major vascular complication but minor bleeding occurred in 16%. Late clinical follow up at a mean follow-up period of 6.3 +/- 1.02 months post coronary stenting showed that there was no death but there was 6% rate of Q-MI, 8% of elective bypass surgery and 8% repeated PCI for stented segments and 6%for non stented segment follow-up angiogram at a mean follow-up time of 6.1 +/- 0.5 stent restenosis rate was 19%. Stent implantation in acute coronary syndromes is associated with excellent early clinical outcome and good long-term results

Spontaneous apoptosis of endometrial tisssues in patients with endometriosis

To detect spontaneous apoptosis in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues obtained from patients suffering from endometriosis compared with normal eutopic endometrial tissues from healthy fertile controls, aiming to assess the possible role of apoptosis in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. A prospective study. Study group of 22 patients undergoing laparoscopy for endometriosis and a control group of 16 healthy fertile women with regular mensis and without any gynecological disorders. Spontaneous apoptosis of eutopic endometrial tissues [Obtained by Novak's curette from patients and controls] and ectopic endometrial tissues [Obtained from patients during laparoscopy by laparoscopic biopsy forsceps] was detected using ELISA - based cell death detection kit which is a highly sensitive and specific assay for apoptosis. Spontaneous apoptosis was significantly decreased [p < 0.001] in eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis compared with healthy controls and this decrease was not attributable to the phase of the menstrual cycle. Also, in paired samples from all patients with endometriosis, there was a significant reduction [p < 0.001] in spontaneous apoptosis in ectopic endometrium compared with the eutopic one which was not attributable to the phase of the menstrual cycle. Abnormal survival [due to lower apoptosis] of eutopic endometrial tissues results in their continuing physiologic activity after displacement into ectopic sites, giving origin to endometriosis. So, the cause and / or pathogenesis of endometriosis is at least partially because of reduced sensitivity of endometrial tissue to apoptosis

Study of apoptosis in human uterine endometrium in different phases of the menstrual cycle

Our purpose is to investigate spontaneous apoptosis in the human uterine endometrium throughout different phases of the menstrual cycle and its possible role in regulation of the human menstrual cycle. Spontaneous apoptosis in forty endometrial biopsy specimens [obtained from forty healthy, fertile women with regular menstrual cycle at different phases of the cycle] was assessed with an ELISA- based cell death detection kit which is a highly specific assay for apoptosis Spontaneous apoptosis occurs in specific population of cells in the human uterine endometrium during three different phases of the menstrual cycle: early proliferative [EP] [1.62 +/- 031 nm], late secretory [LS] [1.76 +/- 0.36 nm] and menstrual phase [M] [1.54 +/- 0.27 nm]. Apoptic changes during the menstrual cycle might play a pivotal role in the regulation of the cycle

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-1B and interleukin-6 in meningitis

Thirty patients with meningitis were enrolled in this study. They divided into three groups: Group I included those with bacterial meningitis with no complications, group II comprised patients with complicated bacterial meningitis, while the third group was made of nonbacterial meningitis cases. Moreover, ten healthy persons of matching age, sex and socioeconomic status were included as controls for serum IL-1 beta and IL-6. The highest CSF cytokines values were detected in patients with complicated bacterial meningitis followed in descending order by those with uncomplicated bacterial meningitis then those with nonbacterial meningitis. A significant difference was only present between GSF IL-1 beta values of the three studied groups. Statistical study of serum IL-6 showed no significant difference between the three included groups as well as when compared with its CSF value. However, serum IL-1 beta was significantly different in these groups and in comparison with its CSF level. IL-1 beta and IL-6 seem to play a major role in the initial events of meningeal inflammation. Their CSF concentration could help to distinguish bacterial from viral meningitis and predict occurrence of complications. Serum cytokines did not appear to be clinically useful laboratory tests to predict the outcome the disease

Study of small intestinal structural and functional changes in patients with diabetes mellitus

Small intestinal structural and functional changes were studied in 20 IDDM patients, 20 NIDDM patients and 10 normal controls. Diarrhea was the most common gastrointestinal symptom, affecting 55% of patients of IDDM group and 40% of patients of NIDDM group. Manifestations of autonomic neuropathy were present in 55% of IDDM group and 40% of NIDDM group, and a statistically significant association was found between the presence of autonomic manifestations and the presence of diarrhea and constipation. D-xylose absorption excretion was normal in 75% of patients of each diabetic group and was reduced in the remaining 25% of patients. Histopathological examination of the jejunal mucosa showed villi of normal shape in all patients who had normal D-xylose excretion, and were abnormally clubbed and stunted with decreased cryptovillous ratio and increased goblet cells in all patients with reduced D-xylose excretion. Histochemical examination showed that alkaline phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase activity were reduced in all patients with abnormal villi and reduced D-xylose excretion, and were dependent on the control status of diabetes mellitus in patients with normal villi, with significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and decrease in succinic dehydrogenase activity in uncontrolled cases

Studies of egg drop syndrome-1976: 1- Existence of antibodies in Egyptian commercial chicken layers

Six outbreaks of severe dropped egg production and production of pale eggs, soft shelled and shell less eggs correlated with the appearance of hemagglutinating inhibiting antibodies to 127-virus are described. The outbreaks were selected from a larger number of flocks with similar problems in the field