[Nursing students' views on problems in clinical education in the pediatric ward in Bushehr university of medical sciences]

Introduction: Clinical education is the most important part of nursing education and is expected to provide the students with necessary clinical skills. Nursing students face with many clinical education problems in pediatric ward. This study aimed to investigate the clinical education problems in pediatric ward

Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on forth year students and graduate nurses affiliated to Bushehr University of medical sciences. Methods of sampling were census. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire consist of two parts: 1 - Demographic characteristics 2 - Inventory problems of clinical education in pediatric ward. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were measured. Data analyzed using SPSS version 18

Results: The most important difficulties in clinical education from the students' viewpoint were deficiency of facilities, lack of access to the Internet, lack of pediatric scientific journals in the hospital library, unsuitable hospital library location, and lack of students' evaluation based on training objectives by clinical educators, unclear curriculum and training objectives by clinical educators

Conclusion: It is recommended that nursing education administrators and planners improve students' learning and motivation by application of the results of this research

[ Relationship between resilience and mental disorders among young criminals at Shiraz Central Prison]

Prisoners' mental health and provision of psychological services have drawn the attention of many experts in this field. Many studies have shown that the prevalence of mental disorders and low levels of resilience which is a factor for the development of mental disorders among the prisoners is higher than that of the general population. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of mental disorders and its relationship with resilience in male prisoners. The population target in this cross-sectional study was all the male prisoners of Adel Abad Prison in Shiraz. 140 subjects were entered into this study via convenient sampling method. Resilience Scale for Adults and Symptom Check List were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by means of Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that symptoms of mental disorders were present in a high percentage of the prisoners. Moreover 97.1% of the prisoners showed low levels of resilience. Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed that, except for phobia and paranoia, resilience was a significant negative predictor of SCL90 total score and its subscales. Mental disorders and low levels of resilience were prevalent among prisoners. The results of this study emphasize the necessity of providing psychosocial services for prisoners. Also resilience as an influencing factor in the development of mental disorders deserves attention

[Antibiotic resistance pattern of cholera epidemy in Guilan province]

Cholera is an infectious disease caused by a gram negative facultatively anaerobic bacterium called Vibrio Cholera from contaminated food or water. Cholera may be asymptomatic or indicated by mild to severe diarrhea. The main treatment of diarrhea is the replacement of water and electrolytes and if needed, antibiotic therapy. Antibiotic resistance varies in different parts of Iran. This study seeks. To determine the antibiotic resistance of V. Cholerae strains in Guilan province, summer 1390 [2011]. This descriptive study was performed on Vibrio Cholera isolates from the respective patients in 1390 summer epidemic in Guilan province. All samples were inoculated to Carry-Blair medium, then to alkaline peptone water [APW]. After incubation, a loopful of the culture was taken from the surface of APW on TCBS medium. After incubation the yellow colonies were cultured in KIA medium. Serologic tests were carried out by o1 polyvalent antisera, and if positive, the test was performed by Inaba and Ogawa monovalent antiserum. Disk diffusion antibiogram was done for the 7 antibiotics by Kirby Bauer method. Data were analyzed descriptively by Excel 2007 software. From the 161 samples, 142 were positive for cholera of which 140 [98.5%] were related to Ogawa serotypes. Eighty samples [57%] were from the females. The mean age of the infected people was 38 yrs [range 3-84 yrs]. The largest number of samples were sent from Lahijan [n=39]. All the isolated samples were positive for motility, indole, citrate and oxides tests. Antibiogram study revealed 97%, 90%, 23.5%, 20%, 11%, 10%, 1.2% of the samples were resistant to Nitrofurantoin, Co-trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Erythromycin, and Ciprofloxacin, respectively. In this study, resistance to Ciprofloxacine was 1.2% and 57% of the isolates were intermediate. It seems that resistance is low in IRAN. Regarding the high sensitivity of separated vibrio to Tetracycline and Doxycycline [76%], they may be useful in the treatment of cholera

[Occupational burnout in Birjand dentists]

Occupational burnout is a psychological syndrome resulting from continuous tensions which causes absence, conflict, job changing, etc. In spite of much effort done in optimizing the work conditions and satisfying the employed persons, the dentists still suffer from this incident. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of occupational burnout in Birjand dentists and to provide an approach. In this descriptive-analytical study by the census method, 38 dentists were investigated using Maslach questionnaire. Average values were compared with chi-square and comparison among the groups was performed by Tukey test using SPSS software. P 0.05]. Protection of this stratum, providing educational programs and creating job variations are necessary for optimizing the work environment. Future studies with more sample size are suggested to determine the effect of factors

Primary synovial sarcoma of the right atrium

A 27-year-old man presented with exertional dyspnea and productive cough as well as weight gain. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe right ventricular enlargement with moderate systolic dysfunction and a large right atrial mass protruding into the right ventricular cavity with severe functional tricuspid stenosis. An urgent surgical operation was done, and the tumor was totally excised. The histological findings were those of a biphasic tumor, consistent with synovial sarcoma. This was also confirmed by an immunohistochemistry panel. The patient's chest CT scan showed multiple small peripheral nodules, suggestive of lung metastases. Chemotherapy was administered and several months afterwards, the patient was asymptomatic with no residual mass on echocardiography

[Congenital hepatic fibrosis]

Congenital hepatic fibrosis [CHF] is a rare disease that primarily involves hepatobiliary and renal systems. It is characterized by hepatic fibrosis, portal hypertension and renal cystic disease. We present a 22 years old man with fever, abdominal pain, icterus and hematemesis. On complete work up of the patient and liver with kidney biopsy, the diagnosis was congenital hepatic fibrosis

[Assessment of surgical success rate and acoustic tests findings in patients with otosclerosis]

Otoacoustic emissions are low density sounds produced from intact cochlea measureable in the presence of an intact conduction structure. The goal of this study was to assess the surgical success rate after stapes surgery by standard audiometric tests, Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission [DPOAE] and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission [TEOAE] as methods of evaluation of postoperative hearing. A descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 50 patients with otosclerosis at Yazd Shaheed Sadoughi Medical University from March 2004 till October 2007. TEOAE, DPOAE and other behavioral audiometric tests were performed before, three months and six months after surgery on patients and results were compared. The air-bone gap threshold decreased significantly in audiogram of patients after surgery. Prior to surgery, TEOAE and DPOAE responses were not recordable in any of the patients, but after surgery, they were recordable in only two patients. Although conductive hearing loss improved significantly in patients who underwent successful stapes surgery, OAE tests were recordable in an insignificant number of patients. Therefore, this is not an optimal method for evaluating the surgical success rate

effect of nutritional behavior pattern education to toddler mothers on the nutritional pattern improvement of toddlers and mothers performance

Nutrition is a very important factor in toddler age growth. Getting started the first steps of the children with family in this period shows the necessity of paying attention to the correct nutritional behaviors. Therefore this research has been conducted for assessing the effect of nutritional behavior model on the quality of toddler's nutrition and performance of their mothers. This research is a semi-experimental study, in which sixty six children [12-36 months old] were selected from two health care centers in the southern part of Tehran. The subjects were selected using non probability-convenient sampling method. The data gathering tool was 3 questionnaires: 1. Mother and child demographic characteristics 2. Mother's function assessment tool about toddler's behavior during feeding 3. Reminding tool of 24 hours food. The tools were filled in using interviews. Then nutritional behavior model was instructed in a workshop during 2 days, 3 hours a day. After the intervention data were recollected again and were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed a significant difference in mother's function about toddlers nutritional behavior during nutrition before and after the intervention [P<0.001]. Also a significant difference was seen in the toddlers nutrition pattern before and after the intervention [P<0.05]. Based on the research findings it can be concluded that nutritional behavior model is effective in improving the pattern of toddler's nutrition and in increasing mothers' knowledge related to a correct function on toddler's behavior during feeding. Therefore educational plan to mothers on correct nutritional behaviors is suggested in order to improving the quality of toddler's nutrition

[Prevalence of delirium in hospitalized internal medicine and surgical adult patients in Shohadaye Ashayer hospital of Khoramabad]

Delirium is common in elderly persons and in hospitalized patients especially after surgical procedures. But many of them are undetected and don't receive treatment so they involve with increased mortality and morbidity, adverse outcomes, length of hospital stay and mental disability sequels. Unfortunetly, despite the importance of this syndrome, physicians and staff are able to diagnose only one thirtd of the patients. In this cross sectional study, 240 inpatiants [120 from surgery ward and 120 from miernal medicine ward] from Shohadaye Ashayer hospital of Khorramabad were selected randomly. The diagnostic criteria for delirium were Mini-Mental state examination [MMSE] questionnaire, and patients daily examination for 4 days by MMSE. Delirium was observed in 37 [30.8%] of the patients of internal medicine ward and 25 [20.8%] of the patients of surgery ward. 27 [22.5%] of the patients of internal medicine ward and 37 [30.8%] of the patients of surgery ward were suspicious for delirium. In age group of 58-77 years in surgery ward and patients over 77 years in internal medicine ward had the most frequency of delirium. There was significant relationship [p=0.01] between two sex in surgery ward. But there was not significant difference [p=0.92] between two sex in internal medicine ward for delirium. Reading the results of this study and frequency of delirum in surgery and internal medicine wards, presence of a psychiatrist in mentioned wards is necessary of early diagnosis and control of delirium

[ prevalence of PTSD in conscript and official staff of earth force in Tehran during 2005-6]

Background: PTSD[Post Traumatic Stress Disorder] was happened in who was put in fearing or helplessness situation against the danger occurrence and effort to avoidance it. This symptom may was began after event and affected all of the person's life. This study was design to determine of PTSD prevalence in conscript and official staff of NEZAJA in Tehran by 2005-6

Materials and methods: this cross sectional study was done on 355 conscript and official staff of NEZAJA Garrison. Clustered stratified sampling was done to select the samples. PTSD was diagnosed on DSM-IV-TR criteria by psychologists. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS11.5

Results: age average of conscript and official staff of NEZAJA was 20.68 years old and the average mean duration of their employment was 24 month. Prevalence of PTSD disorder in Conscript and official staff of NEZAJA was 14.9%. The most common cause of the PTSD was motor accident[30.2%], explosion[9.4%]. The patients had more age and mean time of employment. [P<0.05]

Conclusion: prevalence of PTSD disorder in Conscript and official staff of NEZAJA was 14.9%. It is advised to reduce conscription period time, enhance safety standard and increase professional education

[ relative risk of smoking in conscripted soldier in Tehran NEZAJA Garrison since 2005-6]

Background: nicotine dependency appears very quickly and strongly affected by environments condition. Smoking caused secondary death by immionosystem debilitation. Almost 25. 6% of high school student in Tehran have smoking experience. The men who are in hard condition of battle was dependent on nicotine 2 more time. This study was done to determine Relative Risk [RR] of smoking in conscripted soldier in Tehran since 2005-6

Materials and Methods: this descriptive cross sectional study was done on 385 conscript of NEZAJA Garrison. Clustered stratified sampling was done to select the samples from 3 tehran NEZAJA Garrison. The diagnose of disease based on DSM-IV-TR criteria by psychologist interview and diagnosis. The diagnosis based on self report of NEZAJA conscript

Results: most of the conscript of NEZAJA have primery education[42. 1%], rural[50. 9%] and 14. 3% of them were smoker 22. 1% of them have history of smoking. [87. 3%] of them had been smoker in selective service. The most incidence of smoking addiction was occur before selective service period[22%] and [13%] in period of selective service. Sectional prevalence in selective service period[7%] is less than before selective service period [14.3%]. The prevalence of smoking was less before selective service period[22.1%] and[19.5%] in selective service period [RR=2. 02]. There is increase in prevalence of smoking about 7. 3% in selective service period

Conclusion: this study on the conscripts of NEZAJA garrison showed the service in army despite of prescription and limitation of Tehran garrison based on smoking forbiddance, there is an increase in smoking addiction

[ frequency of Suicidal-thinking in NEZAJA personnel in Tehran at 2004-5 year]

Background: suicide is the self naughting. Army suicide have special condition because of catastrophic effect on their family and military environment. This study proceeds the frequency of Suicidal-thinking in NEZAJA personnel in Tehran within 2005-2006

Materials and Methods: this cross sectional study was done on 321 conscript and official staff of NEZAJA Garrison. Clustered stratified sampling was done to select the samples. The diagnose of disease based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. At first 3 garrisons were selected and sampling on population proportion of them on verbal interview was done

Results: 15.3% of samples had suicidal thinking and 1.9% of them mention to suicide history. The frequency of suicidal thinking in conscript [19.8%] and who psychiatric disease history [84.2%] was more. There is no significant difference between different education level of military personnel

Conclusions: suicidal thinking in conscript of NEZAJA Garrison and those having underling psychiatric disease was more. The result of this study was compatible whit previous study

Leiomyosarcoma of the tongue ; report of a case

Soft tissue sarcomas of the oral cavity are uncommon malignancies; those of smooth-muscle origin are extremely rare. Leiomyosarcomas of the tongue are very rare. Either surgery or radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy are the treatment modalities which improve prognosis. We are presenting a 32-year-old man with leiomyosarcoma of the lateral aspect of the oral tongue with neck metastasis, who was referred to our radio therapeutic oncology department after glossectomy and radical modified neck dissection. The clinical and pathologic features together with his clinical course will be discussed. Six months after chemoradiotherapy, he developed a single metastasis in his right femur, and then by features of lung metastasis he died in a few weeks, unfortunately

[Sphenochoanal polyp: diagnosis and treatment [case report]]

Sphenochoanal poyp is rare nasal mass that originates from sphenoid sinus. In anterior rhinoscopy it may be mistaken with antrochoanal polyp. CT of paranasal sinuses and nasal endoscopy has increased diagnostic accuracy. Simple polypectomy without removal of intra sinus mass is associated with increased risk of recurrence. Treatment of sphenochoanal polyp must include removal of intrasphenoid part via enlargement of the sphenoid sinus ostium. At present time the choice of the surgical approach for sphenochoanal polyp is endoscopic sinus surgery. We introduce a case of sphenochoanal polyp and review its clinical, radiologic and pathologic findings and insist on endoscopic sinus surgery as a safe, effective treatment for it