Acute renal failure: analysis of aetiological factors and outcome

To analyse the causes of acute renal failure [ARF] and management and outcome in these cases. All patients with ARF coming to SlUT between January 1990 and December 1998 were studied. A total of 1716 ARF cases were seen. Of these 43% had medica1, 28%surgical and 17% obstetrical causes. Haemodialysis was required in 88% of patients. Overall mortality was 18%. Causes of ARF in this part of the world is different from the western world. Preventable causes e.g. gastroenteritis, obstetrical haemorrhages, torture induced rhabdomyolysis and malaria, contribute to large percentage of the ARF population

Incidence, mode of delivery and apgar score in breech presentation

A study was carried out at services Hospital Lahore affiliated with postgraduate medical institute Lahore, to rind out incidence, mode of delivery and apgar score in breech presentation. There were total 2432 deliveries of all types during the period of study and out of these 130 were full term breech deliveries, accounting for an incidence of 5.3%. Two groups were formed, Group A and Group B. group. Group A comprised of full term primigravidas with breech presentation and total number of patients was 55. Group B comprised of full term multigravidas with breech presentation and total number of patients was 75. In Group A 45 [81%] patients were delivered vaginally and Group B 60 patients [80%] were delivered vaginally. Incidence of non-elective caesarean section in Group A and B was 7.2% and 6% respectively. Total rate of elective caesarean section was 19%. Morbidity in Group A was 2% and Group B was 3.5°/a. There were no fetal complications. A trend of higher 5 minutes apgar score was positively seen in 100% infants. Caesarean section group was fewer lower apgar infants than groups delivered virginally

Acute graft dysfunction due to pyelonephritis, value and safety of graft biopsy

Objectives. To assess the value and safety of graft biopsy in patients who develop graft dysfunction due to pyelonephritis. Methods. Data analysis of all the patients with graft dysfunction and diagnosis of pyelonephritis was made on graft biopsy. During one year period six patients developed graft dysfunction due to pyelonephritis, all of these patients had an episose of acute cellular rejection in early post transplant period and received pulse steroid, while two in addition received ATG. Graft dysfunction when associated with UTI recovered within 4-6 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Graft biopsy is safe and histological diagnosis of pyelonephritis can save a patient from risk of anti rejection therapy given blindly in cases of graft dysfunction

Laparoscopic findings in infertility

A study was carried out over a period of 12 months from 1.1.95 to 31.11.95, in which 200 [female] patients were subjected to laparoscopy to evaluate various factors regarding infertility. The study highlighted various symptoms of infertile patients [female] and obvious pathologies seen with the laparoscope such as tubal adhesions, uterine diseases, status of ovaries or any associated condition like endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. The study also illustrates the complications occurring during the laparoscopic procedures