[Comparing perception and expression of tense morpheme of verb in Persian language children and bilingual with specific language impairment]

The goal of this study was to search verb morphology in bilingual with specific language impairment and comparing them with normal bilingual and Persian children with special language disorder because we want to find their ability in this skills in bilingual children with specific language impairment and evaluating Low Capacity Processing [LCP] theory. Six bilingual [Azeri- Persian] children with specific language impairment and 6 Persian were selected from clinics of Tehran. They were 7-8 years old. Children with specific language impairment were evaluated about Perception and Expression tense morpheme of verbs and then they were compared with 6 age-matched children as control groups. Children with specific language impairment are diagnosed as exhibiting a significant delay [more than one year] in language that can not be explained by intelligence deficits, hearing loss or visual impairment. In this research we used narrative speech and specific language impairmentest and we used Man Whitneyest for comparing these groups. Bilingual children with specific language impairment [SLI] have delay in comparison with their age- matched group in tense morphemes [p=0.020, p=0.019]. They also have delay in tense of verbs [past, present, future] in comparison with Persian language children with special language impairment but it was not meaningful [p= 0.057]. Comparison between typical development of bilingual children and bilinguals with SLI shows that verb morphology is a good clinical marker for diagnosing and treatment of these children. Comparison between Persian language children with SLI and bilinguals with SLI shows that there is no evidence for LCP theory

[Assessment of effect of cognitive task on postural control in female patients with knee osteoarthritis]

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems that can affect activity daily living of patients. Many studies have indicated postural control deficits in these patients; but the effect of dual tasking on postural control has not been examined yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cognitive task on postural control in the female patients with knee osteoarthritis. Postural stability in knee OA patients and healthy subjects [20 subjects in each group] in four positions was measured using the Force plate. Positions included double leg stance with closed or opened eyes with and without cognitive task. Area of COP and mean velocity [Vm] were measured for as static postural stability. Area under the curve increased in the double leg stance position in the patients significantly [P<0.05]. While mean velocity decreased by performing a dual task [P<0.05]. The response to dual-tasking was not significant between the 2 groups [P>0.05]. Postural control deficits and increased of center of pressure's sway were identified in participants with Knee osteoarthritis. Also performance of a cognitive task resulted in decrease of postural sway, but the dual- tasking did not change the postural performance of knee OA patients compared to healthy subjects

[Comparison the duration patterns sequence test [DPST] between multiple sclerosis and normal participants]

Many of multiple sclerosis [MS] patients with normal pure tone thresholds complain from difficulties in their hearing, especially perception of speech in background noise. Many tests for evaluation of this dysfunction have been developed; one of the best tests that are applied for evaluating the ability of individual to process and categorize brief, rapid changes in auditory stimuli is duration pattern sequence test [DPST]. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to compare between MS and normal 18-40-years-old participants by the duration pattern sequence test [DPST]. This analytic-descriptive non-invasive cohort study was conducted on 20 relapsing-remitting MS and 26 normal subjects 18-40-year-old with normal hearing. The finding data, percent of corrected answers, in two groups was evaluated by t-test. The finding showed reduction of corrected answers percentage in DPST test between two groups [P<0.05]. In addition, long periods of the disease showed poor performance in DPST test in both ear. The findings of this study confirm that temporal resolution deficits in patient with MS may be related to involvement of central auditory processing nervous system

[ targeted implementation of teaching in small group discussion for second- year students in physiotherapy: a comparative assessment of teaching effect on satisfaction and learning level]

One of the main problems in learning is ignoring the teaching in small group discussion. So, today, teaching in student-based methods such as work in small group is emphasized. Nevertheless, this method is not used for teaching physiotherapy students. This study was performed to determine the effect of teaching in small group on satisfaction and learning level of second- year students in physiotherapy in comparison with lecture teaching. An experimental study was performed on 29 physiotherapy students. The students were randomly classified into two groups; lecture [14 people] and work in small group [15 people]. Students were educated for 4 sessions. Two separate questionnaires were used to assess learning and satisfaction levels. Overall satisfaction in small group was significantly greater than lecture group [P<0.0001]. However, there was no significant difference between learning levels of the methods [p>0.05]. 86.7% of students in small groups preferred to be educated in the future semesters using this teaching method. This study showed the role of small group teaching on increasing students' satisfaction level. Due to increased satisfaction in small group, despite the lack of significant difference between the two methods of learning, learning process can be facilitated .Thus this method is recommended for education of the undergraduate students