[Study on the frequency of various forms of p-wave in Khuzestan river buffalo]

The study of electrocardiographic parameters of buffalo in comparison to other large animals is very scanty. Electrocardiography is a very important tool to diagnose cardiac diseases. In this case, standardization of ECG of each species of animal or even each breed should be carried out. This is due to the fact that ECG parameters are related to many factors such as size, breed, sex, etc. In this study, which has been carried out for the first time on Khozestan buffaloes, variable forms of P-waves of this animal was determined. One hundred buffaloes were divided into two age and two sex groups. In this study a base apex lead was used to record ECG for studying prevalence of different forms of P wave and data analysed using chi- square method. P wave configuration varied from simple positive, notched positive, biphasic or either +/- or -/+. Statistical study showed that +/- form of P wave was significant in two sexes. Concomitant presence of simple positive, notched positive and +/- forms were statistically significant between the two sex groups [p<0.05]. Differences of various forms of P wave with or without concomitant presence in age groups were not significant. The findings of this study, like other studies showed that if base- apex lead system is used in buffalo, the frequency of simple positive P wave will be higher compared to its other forms

[ effect of sitting pelvic tilt exercise on physical disability in primigravidas with low back pain during the third trimester]

Low back pain is one of the most common complaints in pregnancy which interferes with work, daily activities and sleep. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Sitting Pelvic Tilt Exercise on physical disability in primigravidas with low back pain during the third trimester. This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 60 primigravidas who attended in 3 prenatal clinics of Zanjan university of medical science. At first, 60 primigravidas were selected by simple sampling and randomly divided into two groups: case and control. Only the experimental group did the sitting pelvic tilt exercise program for 8 weeks during the third trimester. Data was collected for both groups by interview using VAS scale and Disability Rating Index [DRI] on the days 0 and 56 [pre and post intervention]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, occupation, education and BMI and intensity of physical disability before the intervention. However, intensity of physical disability significantly decreased [p<0.0001] in the experimental group after the exercise program. Adversely, the intensity of physical disability increased in the control group as pregnancy proceed [p<0.0001]. Intensity of low back pain was also reduced in the experimental group after the sifting pelvic tilt exercise program comparing to pre treatment stage and also in comparison with the control group [P<0.0001]. It seems that use of exercise programs such as "sitting pelvic tilt exercise" is an effective method in pregnant women who suffer from low back pain and related disabilities but do not want to use aggressive treatments and chemical pain relief drugs

[Spinal fractures in admitted patients in Poursina hospital]

Introduction: Trauma is ranked four as being a lethal disease. Spinal trauma and the spinal cord injuries arising from the trauma are the cause of 3%death rate. Concomitant spinal cord injuries may lead to neurological deficit and socio-economic problems

Objective: Determining the relative frequency of spinal cord fractures, types and some related factors as recorded in the emergency ward of Poursina hospital in Rasht from 2001 to 2003

Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional survey performed on the hospital archive, the patients confined to be suffering from the fracture based on imaging studies from 2001-2003 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were: mismatch between the report of imaging studies and physician diagnosis, absence of the report in the patients' records and leaving the hospital before making a diagnosis. Variables such as age, sex, trauma mechanism, and place of lesion were extracted and registered in a special form designed for this purpose

Results: After dully studying the bulk of files, 215 in number, 41 cases were omitted from the study. About 71.8% were male. The mean age was 40.75 +/- 15.55 and 23% of them were in the age group of 21-30 years. Burst fracture was the most common fracture type. The majority of accidents were due to falling from height [63.3%].The most common fractures occurred in the lumbar area at the l1 level [60%], thoracic area at the level of T12 [64%] and cervical at the level of C7[40%]

Conclusion: Regarding to the high frequency of spinal injuries followed by falling, we can decline these injuries by paying attention to safety issues

[Differential effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy and relaxation techniques on consequences of menopause vasomotor symptoms]

Vasomotor symptoms are usually accompanied with consequences such as headache, sleep disturbance and other events which can not be exactly attributed to endocrine changes already established in menopausal period. To compare the effect of hormone replacement therapy and relaxation techniques on consequences of menopause vasomotor symptoms. This was a quasi-experimental study carried out in 2003 in which ninety postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms referred to private doctors or midwives in Zanjan [Iran] were selected by convenience method. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups marked a HRT, RT and control groups. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews before and after intervention. Data were further analyzed using T-test, T-Paired, X[2] and variance analysis. Our results demonstrated that RT and HRT both reduced the severity of vasomotor symptoms consequences [headache, sleep disturbance, depression, irritability and anxiety] in post-treatment period compared to pre-treatment stage. The findings were also indicative of a treatment period. Finally, although RT and HRT both reduced the severity of symptoms, RT found to have greater effect on depression than HRT. Based on results found in present study, RT and HRT both led to significant reduction in consequences of vasomotor symptoms however, RT showed greater effect on depression than HRT

Topological formulations of finger tip patterns among the Down's Syndrome

Finger prints of 68 patients with Down's syndrome and 93 controls have been collected and analyzed for topological of formulation of finger tip patterns suggested by Loesch [1975]. The results showed that there may be great differences in the dictionary of the finger patterns of the patients and their controls. Mean lunar and radial patterns showed mostly significant differences among the patients and their controls. Exact role of dermatoglyphic topology of finger patterns in Down's syndrome will be found out only after doing many studies in many populations

Dermatoglyphics of the Caucasians of South Iran

Bilateral finger and palm prints of 500 males and 500 females of the Caucasian origin in South Iran have been collected and analyzed for both qualitative and quantitative dermatoglyhic features. Results show that most of the qualitative features on bilateral and bisexual differences are not significant. However, quantitative features frequently showed significant differences both bilaterally and bisexually. These results, when, compared with some Indian groups revealed insignificant differences in qualitative dermatoglyphics, while, the quantitative features frequently showed significant differences. The importance of quantitative dermatoglyphic features in population studies has been discussed